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{{Short description|German neurologist (born 1958)}}
{{notability|Academics|date=June 2020}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Like resume|date=September 2022}}
{{COI|date=September 2022}}
}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Arno Villringer
| name = Arno Villringer
| birth_date = 1958
| birth_date = {{bya|1958}}
| birth_place = [[Germany]]
| birth_place = Germany
| residence = [[Leipzig]], [[Germany]]
| field = [[Medicine]], [[neurology]], [[stroke]] research, [[brain plasticity]]
| work_institution = [[Max Planck Institute]] (professor, director), [[University of Leipzig]] (Professor), [[Charité]] - [[Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin]] (Honorary professor)
| nationality = [[Germany|German]]
| field = [[medicine]], [[neurology]], [[stroke]] research, [[brain plasticity]]
| work institution = [[Max Planck Institute]] (professor, director), University of Leipzig (Professor), Charité-Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (Honorary professor)
| prizes = Pater Leander Fischer Award, German Society of Laser Medicine (2005), endowed professorship (by Deutsche Forschungs Gemeinschaft) at Charité – Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (1996), Gerhard Hess Award, DFG (1993), DFG foreign exchange scholarship (1986)}}
| prizes = Pater Leander Fischer Award, German Society of Laser Medicine (2005), endowed professorship (by Deutsche Forschungs Gemeinschaft) at Charité – Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (1996), Gerhard Hess Award, DFG (1993), DFG foreign exchange scholarship (1986)}}


'''Arno Villringer''' (born 1958, [[Schopfheim]], Germany) is a Director at the [https://www.cbs.mpg.de/departments/neurology Department of Neurology] <ref>https://www.cbs.mpg.de/departments/neurology</ref> at the [[Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences]] in Leipzig, Germany; Director of the Department of Cognitive Neurology at University Hospital Leipzig <ref>https://www.uniklinikum-leipzig.de/einrichtungen/tagesklinik-neurologie/unser-team</ref>; and Academic Director of the Berlin School of Mind and Brain <ref>http://www.mind-and-brain.de/overview/bodies-and-committees/</ref> and the Mind&Brain Institute <ref>http://www.mind-and-brain.de/people/mindbrainbody-institute/</ref>, Berlin. He holds a full professorship at University of Leipzig and an honorary professorship at Charité, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. From July 2022 to June 2025 he is the Chairperson of the [https://www.mpg.de/27912/human-sciences-section-introduction Human Sciences Section of the Max Planck Society].
'''Arno Villringer''' (born 1958, [[Schopfheim]], Germany) is a Director at the Department of Neurology <ref name="auto4">{{cite web | url=https://www.cbs.mpg.de/departments/neurology | title=Department of Neurology }}</ref> at the [[Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.cbs.mpg.de/en | title=Home }}</ref> in [[Leipzig]], Germany; Director of the Department of Cognitive Neurology at University of Leipzig Medical Center;<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.uniklinikum-leipzig.de/einrichtungen/tagesklinik-neurologie/unser-team | title=Unser Team }}</ref> and Academic Director of the Berlin School of Mind and Brain <ref name="auto5">{{cite web | url=http://www.mind-and-brain.de/overview/bodies-and-committees/ | title=Berlin School of Mind and Brain: Bodies and committees }}</ref> and the Mind&Brain Institute,<ref name="auto">{{cite web | url=http://www.mind-and-brain.de/people/mindbrainbody-institute/ | title=Berlin School of Mind and Brain: MindBrainBody Institute }}</ref> Berlin. He holds a full professorship at [[University of Leipzig]] and an honorary professorship at [[Charité|Charité, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin]]. From July 2022 to June 2025 he is the Chairperson of the Human Sciences Section of the Max Planck Society.<ref name="auto2">{{cite web | url=https://www.mpg.de/27912/human-sciences-section-introduction | title=The Human Sciences Section }}</ref>


==Academic Career and Achievements==
==Academic career and achievements==
Arno Villringer studied medicine at [[The University of Freiburg]] (German: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg) from 1977 to 1984, graduating with a [[Doctor of Medicine]] (summa cum laude) higher degree in 1984. After a fellowship at the magnetic resonance imaging unit at Massachusetts General Hospital at [[Harvard Medical School]] in 1985, he worked in Munich, Germany, becoming a board certified neurologist in 1992, and gaining his professorial degree ([[Habilitation]]) at the [[Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich]] in 1994.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cbs.mpg.de/staff/villringer-10668|title = Prof. Dr. Arno Villringer}}</ref>
Arno Villringer studied medicine at [[University of Freiburg|the University of Freiburg]] (German: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg) from 1977 to 1984, graduating with a [[Doctor of Medicine]] (summa cum laude) higher degree in 1984. After a fellowship at the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Unit at [[Massachusetts General Hospital]] at [[Harvard Medical School]] in 1985, he worked in Munich, Germany, becoming a board certified neurologist in 1992, and gaining his professorial degree ([[Habilitation]]) at the [[Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich]] in 1994.<ref name="auto1">{{cite web | url=https://www.cbs.mpg.de/employees/villringer/cv | title=Curriculum Vitae }}</ref>
From 1993 to 2007, he worked at the Department of Neurology at the [[Charité]], Berlin, first as a [[consultant]], and later as head of the Department of Neurology at the Benjamin Franklin Campus. Since 2006 he has been Academic Director of the Berlin School of Mind and Brain and the Mind&Brain institute (since 2010), since 2007 he has been Director of the Department of Neurology at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences in Leipzig, Germany and director of the Department of Cognitive Neurology at University hospital Leipzig <ref>https://www.cbs.mpg.de/employees/villringer/cv</ref>.
From 1993 to 2007, he worked at the Department of Neurology at the [[Charité]], Berlin, first as a [[consultant]], and later as head of the Department of Neurology at the Benjamin Franklin Campus. Since 2006 he has been Academic Director of the Berlin School of Mind and Brain <ref name="auto5"/> and the Mind&Brain institute (since 2010),<ref name="auto"/> since 2007 he has been Director of the Department of Neurology at the [[Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences]] in Leipzig, Germany,<ref name="auto4"/> and director of the Department of Cognitive Neurology at the University of Leipzig Medical Center.<ref name="auto1"/>


== Research Foci ==
== Research foci ==
===Research interests===


* Neurocognition of vascular risk factors and the path from risk factors to stroke and dementia
'''Perfusion Imaging:'''
* Mind Brain Body interactions
* Neuroplasticity
* Conscious and unconscious processing in the somatosensory system
* Diverse research methods including behavioral and neurocognitive testing, neuroimaging (MRI, EEG, MEG, fNIRS, EEG/fMRI), neurostimulation (TDCS, TMS, TACS, focused ultrasound), brain computer interfaces, and virtual reality.<ref name="auto4"/>


Arno Villringer is the author of more than 600 academic articles (as of 2022) with more than >56000 citations, and an ''h''-index of 116 (Google Scholar, August 2022) <ref>{{cite web | url=https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=72JMeUkAAAAJ&hl=de | title=Arno Villringer }}</ref>
Arno Villringer pioneered magnetic resonance perfusion imaging of the brain by demonstrating that susceptibility contrast agents such as GdDTPA may be employed in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (Villringer et al. 1988). The susceptibility-based contrast mechanism later became relevant for the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signal in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).


===Pioneering work===
'''Optical Imaging:'''


====Perfusion imaging====
In 1993, Villringer showed feasibility of noninvasive functional near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging (fNIRS, fNIRI) of the human brain (Villringer al. 1993, Villringer and Chance 1997) followed by >50 publications establishing /validating fNIRS.
Physiology empowered brain imaging: Since 1992 his research focus has been on neurophysiological mechanisms underlying brain function and plasticity, using multimodal brain imaging, e.g., signatures of neuronal inhibition in functional brain imaging (Wenzel et al. 2000, Blankenburg et al. 2003), combined fNIRS / fMRI to establish relationship between BOLD and deoxy-Hb concentration in fMRI (Kleinschmidt et al. 1996), combined EEG / fMRI to show fMRI correlates of background rhythms (Moosmann et al. 2003, Ritter et al. 2009) and simultaneously assess neuronal spiking and fMRI (Ritter et al. 2008).


Arno Villringer pioneered magnetic resonance perfusion imaging of the brain by demonstrating that susceptibility contrast agents such as GdDTPA may be employed in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.1910060205 | doi=10.1002/mrm.1910060205 | title=Dynamic imaging with lanthanide chelates in normal brain: Contrast due to magnetic susceptibility effects | year=1988 | last1=Villringer | first1=Arno | last2=Rosen | first2=Bruce R. | last3=Belliveau | first3=John W. | last4=Ackerman | first4=Jerome L. | last5=Lauffer | first5=Randall B. | last6=Buxton | first6=Richard B. | last7=Chao | first7=Yong-Sheng | last8=Wedeenand | first8=Van J. | last9=Brady | first9=Thomas J. | journal=Magnetic Resonance in Medicine | volume=6 | issue=2 | pages=164–174 | pmid=3367774 | s2cid=41228095 }}</ref> The susceptibility-based contrast mechanism later became relevant for the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signal in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
'''Brain plasticity, development of vascular risk factors, stroke:'''


====Optical imaging====
Villringer currently pursues the hypothesis that (maladaptive) brain plasticity is crucial for the development of vascular risk factors leading to stroke and for the (lack of) recovery after stroke, and that brain plasticity can be beneficially modified. For this purpose, he employs multimodal brain imaging to understand basic neurophysiological mechanisms underlying human brain plasticity in cortical and subcortical brain areas, and their interaction. Behavioral correlates include sensorimotor function, reaction to stress, and emotions. The clinical applications are (i) prevention of vascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension) and subsequent stroke, and (ii) recovery after stroke.


In 1993, Villringer showed feasibility of noninvasive functional near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging (fNIRS, fNIRI) of the human brain<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3940(93)90181-j | doi=10.1016/0304-3940(93)90181-j | title=Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS): A new tool to study hemodynamic changes during activation of brain function in human adults | year=1993 | last1=Villringer | first1=A. | last2=Planck | first2=J. | last3=Hock | first3=C. | last4=Schleinkofer | first4=L. | last5=Dirnagl | first5=U. | journal=Neuroscience Letters | volume=154 | issue=1–2 | pages=101–104 | pmid=8361619 | s2cid=45676442 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1016/s0166-2236(97)01132-6 | title=Non-invasive optical spectroscopy and imaging of human brain function | year=1997 | last1=Villringer | first1=A. | last2=Chance | first2=B. | journal=Trends in Neurosciences | volume=20 | issue=10 | pages=435–442 | pmid=9347608 | s2cid=18077839 | doi-access=free }}</ref> followed by > 50 publications establishing /validating fNIRS.
Arno Villringer is the author of more than 600 academic articles (as of 2022) with more than >56000 citations, and an h-index of 116 (Google Scholar, August 2022)<ref>ttps://scholar.google.com/citations?user=72JMeUkAAAAJ&hl=de</ref>
Physiology empowered brain imaging: Since 1992 his research focus has been on neurophysiological mechanisms underlying brain function and plasticity, using multi-modal brain imaging, e.g., signatures of neuronal inhibition in functional brain imaging,<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1097/00004647-200007000-00010 | title=Saccadic Suppression Induces Focal Hypooxygenation in the Occipital Cortex | year=2000 | last1=Wenzel | first1=Rüdiger | last2=Wobst | first2=Petra | last3=Heekeren | first3=Hauke H. | last4=Kwong | first4=Kenneth K. | last5=Brandt | first5=Stephan A. | last6=Kohl | first6=Matthias | last7=Obrig | first7=Hellmuth | last8=Dirnagl | first8=Ulrich | last9=Villringer | first9=Arno | journal=Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism | volume=20 | issue=7 | pages=1103–1110 | pmid=10908044 | s2cid=33827135 | doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | url=https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1080806 | doi=10.1126/science.1080806 | title=Imperceptible Stimuli and Sensory Processing Impediment | year=2003 | last1=Blankenburg | first1=Felix | last2=Taskin | first2=Birol | last3=Ruben | first3=Jan | last4=Moosmann | first4=Matthias | last5=Ritter | first5=Petra | last6=Curio | first6=Gabriel | last7=Villringer | first7=Arno | journal=Science | volume=299 | issue=5614 | page=1864 | pmid=12649475 | s2cid=33732258 }}</ref> combined fNIRS/fMRI to establish relationship between BOLD and deoxy-Hb concentration in fMRI,<ref>{{cite journal | doi=10.1097/00004647-199609000-00006 | title=Simultaneous Recording of Cerebral Blood Oxygenation Changes during Human Brain Activation by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy | year=1996 | last1=Kleinschmidt | first1=Andreas | last2=Obrig | first2=Hellmuth | last3=Requardt | first3=Martin | last4=Merboldt | first4=Klaus-Dietmar | last5=Dirnagl | first5=Ulrich | last6=Villringer | first6=Arno | last7=Frahm | first7=Jens | journal=Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism | volume=16 | issue=5 | pages=817–826 | pmid=8784226 | s2cid=10720551 | doi-access=free }}</ref> combined EEG/fMRI to show fMRI correlates of background rhythms <ref>{{cite journal | url=https://doi.org/10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00344-6 | doi=10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00344-6 | title=Correlates of alpha rhythm in functional magnetic resonance imaging and near infrared spectroscopy | year=2003 | last1=Moosmann | first1=Matthias | last2=Ritter | first2=Petra | last3=Krastel | first3=Ina | last4=Brink | first4=Andrea | last5=Thees | first5=Sebastian | last6=Blankenburg | first6=Felix | last7=Taskin | first7=Birol | last8=Obrig | first8=Hellmuth | last9=Villringer | first9=Arno | journal=NeuroImage | volume=20 | issue=1 | pages=145–158 | pmid=14527577 | s2cid=39614622 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | url=https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20585 | doi=10.1002/hbm.20585 | title=Rolandic alpha and beta EEG rhythms' strengths are inversely related to fMRI-BOLD signal in primary somatosensory and motor cortex | year=2009 | last1=Ritter | first1=Petra | last2=Moosmann | first2=Matthias | last3=Villringer | first3=Arno | journal=Human Brain Mapping | volume=30 | issue=4 | pages=1168–1187 | pmid=18465747 | pmc=6870597 }}</ref> and simultaneously assess neuronal spiking and fMRI.<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.026 | doi=10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.026 | title=High-frequency (600 Hz) population spikes in human EEG delineate thalamic and cortical fMRI activation sites | year=2008 | last1=Ritter | first1=Petra | last2=Freyer | first2=Frank | last3=Curio | first3=Gabriel | last4=Villringer | first4=Arno | journal=NeuroImage | volume=42 | issue=2 | pages=483–490 | pmid=18586526 | s2cid=25810037 }}</ref>


====Brain plasticity, development of vascular risk factors, stroke====
Expert activities for the following scientific organizations:
* Coordinator of German Competence Net Stroke since 1999
* Advisory Board – Germany Stroke Foundation
* Board of Directors, Center for AdiposityDiseases, Leipzig
* Board of Directors, LIFE Study, Leipzig
* Coordinator of Berlin NeuroImaging Center from 2001–2007
* Member of Council of International Organization for Human Brain Mapping 2005-2008
* Chair of Scientific Programme Committee of the International Organization for Human Brain Mapping, Brighton 2001
* Chair of Local Organizing Committee of the International Organization for Human Brain Mapping, Berlin, 2014


Villringer currently pursues the hypothesis that (maladaptive) brain plasticity is crucial for the development of vascular risk factors leading to stroke and for the (lack of) recovery after stroke, and that brain plasticity can be beneficially modified. For this purpose, he employs multi-modal brain imaging to understand basic neurophysiological mechanisms underlying human brain plasticity in cortical and subcortical brain areas, and their interaction. Behavioral correlates include sensorimotor function, reaction to stress, and emotions. The clinical applications are (i) prevention of vascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension) and subsequent stroke, and (ii) recovery after stroke.
==Memberships in Scientific Organizations (present)==


===Expert activities/board memberships===
*Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurologie
{{prose|date=April 2023}}
*Deutsche Neurowissenschaftliche Gesellschaft (Founding Member)
*1999–present: German Competence Network Stroke, Berlin, Germany (Coordinator) <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.kompetenznetz-schlaganfall.de/89.0.html | title=Kompetenznetz Schlaganfall &#124; Competence Network Stroke }}</ref>
*Deutsche Schlaganfall Gesellschaft (Founding Member)
*2005–present: International Max Planck Research School on the Life Course, Berlin: Member of Faculty <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.imprs-life.mpg.de/people/arno-villringer | title=Arno Villringer &#124; International Max Planck Research School on the Life Course }}</ref>
*International Organization for Human Brain Mapping (Founding Member)
*2008–present: Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases (LIFE), Germany: Board of Directors
*International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
*2010–2016: Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) AdiposityDiseases: Steering Committee
*Society for Neuroscience
*2010–2018: Max Planck International Research Network on Aging (MaxNetAging), Rostock, Germany: Member
*2011–present: Dialogforum Depression, Berlin, Germany: Initiator
*2011–present: Research Initiative MPS-UCL, Berlin, Germany: Computational Psychiatry and Aging Research: Principal Investigator <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.mps-ucl-centre.mpg.de/about-the-centre | title=About the Centre }}</ref>
*2012–2019: NeuroCure, Research Cluster of Excellence (German Excellence Initiative), Berlin, Germany: Principal Investigator <ref>{{cite web | url=https://neurocure.de/en/about-neurocure/structure.html | title=Structure - NeuroCure &#124; Cluster of Excellence }}</ref>
*2013–2021: Collaborative Research Center 1052 of the German Research Foundation [Sonderforschungsbereich der DFG] “Obesity Mechanisms”, Leipzig, Germany: Steering Committee <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sfb1052.de/home.html|title=SFB 1052 Mechanismen der Adipositas - Sfb1052 Mechanismen der Adipositas|website=www.sfb1052.de}}</ref>
*2013–2020: Spokesperson, International Max Planck Research School IMPRS NeuroCom, Leipzig, Germany <ref name="auto3">{{cite web | url=https://imprs-neurocom.mpg.de/home | title=Home }}</ref>
*2018–present: International Max Planck Research School IMPRS COMP2PSYCH: Faculty Member <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.mpib-berlin.mpg.de/career/research-schools/imprs-comp2psych | title=Imprs Comp2Psych }}</ref>
*2018–present: Research Training Group 2386, Extrospection. External Access to Higher Cognitive Processes: Faculty Member <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.mind-and-brain.de/rtg-2386/ | title=Berlin School of Mind and Brain: RTG 2386 }}</ref>
*2018–present: Spokesperson of the Max Planck School of Cognition (Germany-wide, 15 universities, 10 Max Planck Institutes) <ref>{{cite web | url=https://cognition.maxplanckschools.org/en/people | title=People }}</ref>
*2020–present: Board Member, International Max Planck Research School IMPRS NeuroCom, Leipzig, Germany <ref name="auto3"/>
*2021–2022: Deputy Chairperson, Human Sciences Section of the Max Planck Society
*2022–2025: Chairperson of the Human Sciences Section of the Max Planck Society (comprising 22 Max Planck Institutes) <ref name="auto2"/>
*2022–2025: ''ex officio'' member of the Senate of the Max Planck Society


Sources:<ref name="auto1"/>
==Awards==
*Pater Leander Fischer Award, German Society of Laser Medicine (2005)<ref>Pater-Leander-Fischer-Preis der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Lasermedizin an Berliner Neurologen (Pater Leander Fischer Award for Berlin neurologists) http://idw-online.mobi/pages/en/news117295 idw press release</ref>
*Gerhard Hess Award, DFG (1993)
*DFG foreign exchange scholarship (1986)


==Memberships in scientific arganizations==
==Selected works==


*Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurologie (Germany Neurological Society)
For a complete list of publications, see [https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=72JMeUkAAAAJ&hl=de his Google Scholar page].
*German Neuroscience Society](Founding Member, 1992)
*German Stroke Society Deutsche Schlaganfall-Gesellschaft (Founding Member, 2001)
*International Organization for Human Brain Mapping OHBM (Founding Member)
*[[Society for Neuroscience]] (SfN)
*International Society of Intracranial Hemodynamics (Phoenix, Founding Member, 1992)
*[[International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine]] (ISMRM)


==Awards==
*Grund M, Al E, Pabst M, Dabbagh A, Stephani T, Nierhaus T, Gaebler M, & Villringer A (2022). Respiration, heartbeat, and conscious tactile perception. J Neurosci 42(4): 643-656. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0592-21.2021</ref>
*Pater Leander Fischer Award, German Society of Laser Medicine (2005)<ref>Pater-Leander-Fischer-Preis der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Lasermedizin an Berliner Neurologen (Pater Leander Fischer Award for Berlin neurologists) {{cite web|url=http://idw-online.mobi/pages/en/news117295|title= IDW press release}}</ref>
*Hofmann SM, Klotzsche F, Mariola A, Nikulin V, Villringer A, & Gaebler M (2021). Decoding subjective emotional arousal from EEG during an immersive virtual reality experience. Elife 10. <ref>https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.64812</ref>
*Gerhard Hess Award, DFG (1993)
*Stephani T, Hodapp A, Jamshidi Idaji M, Villringer A, & Nikulin VV (2021). Neural excitability and sensory input determine intensity perception with opposing directions in initial cortical responses. Elife 10. <ref>https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.67838</ref>
*DFG foreign exchange scholarship (1986)
*Al E, Iliopoulos F, Forschack N, Nierhaus T, Grund M, Motyka P, Gaebler M, Nikulin VV, & Villringer A (2020). Heart-brain interactions shape somatosensory perception and evoked potentials. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 117(19): 10575-10584. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1915629117</ref>
*Mueller K, Thiel F, Beutner F, Teren A, Frisch S, Ballarini T, Moller HE, Ihle K, Thiery J, Schuler G, Villringer A, & Schroeter ML (2020). Brain damage with heart failure: cardiac biomarker alterations and gray matter decline. Circ Res 126(6): 750-764. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.315813</ref>
*Stephani T, Waterstraat G, Haufe S, Curio G, Villringer A, & Nikulin VV (2020). Temporal signatures of criticality in human cortical excitability as probed by early somatosensory responses. J Neurosci 40(34): 6572-6583. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0241-20.2020</ref>
*Hotter B, Galinovic I, Kunze C, Brunecker P, Jungehulsing GJ, Villringer A, Endres M, Villringer K, & Fiebach JB (2019). High-resolution diffusion-weighted imaging identifies ischemic lesions in a majority of transient ischemic attack patients. Ann Neurol 86(3): 452-457. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.25551</ref>
*Iemi L, Busch NA, Laudini A, Haegens S, Samaha J, Villringer A, & Nikulin VV (2019). Multiple mechanisms link prestimulus neural oscillations to sensory responses. Elife 8. <ref>https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.43620</ref>
*Lampe L, Zhang R, Beyer F, Huhn S, Kharabian Masouleh S, Preusser S, Bazin PL, Schroeter ML, Villringer A, & Witte AV (2019). Visceral obesity relates to deep white matter hyperintensities via inflammation. Ann Neurol 85(2): 194-203. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.25396</ref>
*Schaare HL, Kharabian Masouleh S, Beyer F, Kumral D, Uhlig M, Reinelt JD, Reiter AMF, Lampe L, Babayan A, Erbey M, Roebbig J, Schroeter ML, Okon-Singer H, Muller K, Mendes N, Margulies DS, Witte AV, Gaebler M, & Villringer A (2019). Association of peripheral blood pressure with gray matter volume in 19- to 40-year-old adults. Neurology 92(8): e758-e773. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000006947</ref>
*Zsido RG, Heinrich M, Slavich GM, Beyer F, Kharabian Masouleh S, Kratzsch J, Raschpichler M, Mueller K, Scharrer U, Loffler M, Schroeter ML, Stumvoll M, Villringer A, Witte AV, & Sacher J (2019). Association of estradiol and visceral fat With structural brain networks and memory performance in adults. JAMA Netw Open 2(6): e196126. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.6126</ref>
*Kuehn E, Haggard P, Villringer A, Pleger B, & Sereno MI (2018). Visually-driven maps in area 3b. J Neurosci 38(5): 1295-1310. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0491-17.2017</ref>
*Krause T, Asseyer S, Taskin B, Floel A, Witte AV, Mueller K, Fiebach JB, Villringer K, Villringer A, & Jungehulsing GJ (2016). The cortical signature of central poststroke pain: gray matter decreases in somatosensory, insular, and prefrontal cortices. Cereb Cortex 26(1): 80-88. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhu177</ref>
*Schlogl H, Horstmann A, Villringer A, & Stumvoll M (2016). Functional neuroimaging in obesity and the potential for development of novel treatments. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 4(8): 695-705. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00475-1</ref>
*Sehm B, Steele CJ, Villringer A, & Ragert P (2016). Mirror motor activity during right-hand contractions and Its relation to white matter in the posterior midbody of the corpus callosum. Cereb Cortex 26(11): 4347-4355. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhv217</ref>
*Nierhaus T, Forschack N, Piper SK, Holtze S, Krause T, Taskin B, Long X, Stelzer J, Margulies DS, Steinbrink J, & Villringer A (2015). Imperceptible somatosensory stimulation alters sensorimotor background rhythm and connectivity. J Neurosci 35(15): 5917-5925. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3806-14.2015</ref>
*Preusser S, Thiel SD, Rook C, Roggenhofer E, Kosatschek A, Draganski B, Blankenburg F, Driver J, Villringer A, & Pleger B (2015). The perception of touch and the ventral somatosensory pathway. Brain 138(Pt 3): 540-548. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awu370</ref>
*Striem-Amit E, Ovadia-Caro S, Caramazza A, Margulies DS, Villringer A, & Amedi A (2015). Functional connectivity of visual cortex in the blind follows retinotopic organization principles. Brain 138(Pt 6): 1679-1695. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awv083</ref>
*Okon-Singer H, Mehnert J, Hoyer J, Hellrung L, Schaare HL, Dukart J, & Villringer A (2014). Neural control of vascular reactions: impact of emotion and attention. J Neurosci 34(12): 4251-4259. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0747-13.2014</ref>
*Ovadia-Caro S, Margulies DS, & Villringer A (2014). The value of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in stroke. Stroke 45(9): 2818-2824. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.003689</ref>
*Schaefer A, Burmann I, Regenthal R, Arelin K, Barth C, Pampel A, Villringer A, Margulies DS, & Sacher J (2014). Serotonergic modulation of intrinsic functional connectivity. Curr Biol 24(19): 2314-2318. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.08.024</ref>
*Lv Y, Margulies DS, Cameron Craddock R, Long X, Winter B, Gierhake D, Endres M, Villringer K, Fiebach J, & Villringer A (2013). Identifying the perfusion deficit in acute stroke with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Neurol 73(1): 136-140. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.23763</ref>
*Schlogl H, Kabisch S, Horstmann A, Lohmann G, Muller K, Lepsien J, Busse-Voigt F, Kratzsch J, Pleger B, Villringer A, & Stumvoll M (2013). Exenatide-induced reduction in energy intake is associated with increase in hypothalamic connectivity. Diabetes Care 36(7): 1933-1940. <ref>https://doi.org/10.2337/dc12-1925</ref>
*Sehm B, Schnitzler T, Obleser J, Groba A, Ragert P, Villringer A, & Obrig H (2013). Facilitation of inferior frontal cortex by transcranial direct current stimulation induces perceptual learning of severely degraded speech. J Neurosci 33(40): 15868-15878. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5466-12.2013</ref>
*Schroeter ML, Vogt B, Frisch S, Becker G, Barthel H, Mueller K, Villringer A, & Sabri O (2012). Executive deficits are related to the inferior frontal junction in early dementia. Brain 135(Pt 1): 201-215. <ref>https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awr311</ref>
*Becker, R., Reinacher, M., Freyer, F., Villringer, A., Ritter, P. (2011). How ongoing neuronal oscillations account for evoked fMRI variability. Journal of Neuroscience 31(30):11016-27
*Taubert, M., Draganski, B., Anwander, A., Mueller, K., Horstmann, A., Villringer, A., Ragert, P. (2010). Dynamic properties of human brain structure: learning-related changes in cortical areas and associated fiber connections. Journal of Neuroscience 30(35):11670-7
*Ritter, P., Moosmann, M., Villringer, A. (2009). Rolandic alpha and beta EEG rhythms' strengths are inversely related to fMRI-BOLD signal in primary somatosensory and motor cortex. Human Brain Mapping 30(4):1168-87
*Ritter P, Freyer F, Curio G, Villringer A. (2008). High-frequency (600&nbsp;Hz) population spikes in human EEG delineate thalamic and cortical fMRI activation sites. Neuroimage. 42(2):483-90.
*Koch, SP., Steinbrink, J., Villringer, A., & Obrig, H. (2006). Synchronization between background activity and visually evoked potential is not mirrored by focal hyperoxygenation. Implications for the interpretation of vascular brain imaging. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(18), 4940-4948.
*Preuschhof, C., Heekeren, H. R., Taskin, B., Schubert, T., & Villringer, A. (2006). Neural correlates of vibrotactile working memory in the human brain. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(51), 13231-13239.
*Taskin, B., Jungehulsing, GJ., Ruben, J., Brunecker, P., Krause, T., Blankenburg, F., et al. (2006). Preserved responsiveness of secondary somatosensory cortex in patients with thalamic stroke. Cerebral Cortex, 16(10), 1431-1439.
*Blankenburg, F., Taskin, B., Ruben, J., Moosmann, M., Ritter, P., Curio, G., et al. (2003). Imperceptible stimuli and sensory processing impediment. Science, 299(5614), 1864.
* Moosmann, M., Ritter, P., Krastel, I., Brink, A., Thees, S., Blankenburg, F., Taskin, B., Obrig, H., Villringer, A. (2003). Correlates of alpha rhythm in functional magnetic resonance imaging and near infrared spectroscopy. Neuroimage. 20(1):145-58
*Müller, N. G., Bartelt, O., Donner, TH., Villringer, A., & Brandt, SA. (2003). A physiological correlate of the ‘zoom lens’ of visual attention. Journal of Neuroscience, 23(9), 3561-3565.
*Wartenburger, I., Heekeren, H. R., Abutalebi, J., Cappa, S. F., Villringer, A., & Perani, D. (2003). Early setting of grammatical processing in the bilingual brain. Neuron, 37(1), 159-170.
*Ruben, J., Schwiemann, J., Deuchert, M., Meyer, R., Krause, T., Curio, G., et al. (2001). Somatotopic organization of human secondary somatosensory cortex. Cerebral Cortex, 11(5), 463-473.
*Wenzel, R., Wobst, P., Heekeren, H.H., Kwong, K.K., Brandt, S.A., Kohl, M., Obrig, H., Dirnagl, U., Villringer, A. (2000). Saccadic suppression induces focal hypooxygenation in the occipital cortex. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 20(7):1103-10
*Villringer, A., & [[Britton Chance|Chance, B.]] (1997). Noninvasive optical spectroscopy and imaging of human brain function. Trends in Neurosciences, 20(10), 435-442.
*Kleinschmidt, A., Obrig, H., Requardt, M., Merboldt, K.D., Dirnagl, U., Villringer, A., Frahm, J. (1996). Simultaneous recording of cerebral blood oxygenation changes during human brain activation by magnetic resonance imaging and near-infrared spectroscopy. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 16(5):817-26.
*Einhaeupl, KM., Villringer, A., Meister, W., Mehraein, S., Garner, C., Pellkofer, M., et al. (1991). Heparin treatment in sinus venous thrombosis. Lancet, 338(8767), 597-600.
*Villringer, A., Planck, J., Hock, C., Schleinkofer, L., Dirnagl, U. (1993). Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS): a new tool to study hemodynamic changes during activation of brain function in human adults. Neurosci Lett. 154(1-2):101-4
*Villringer, A., Rosen, B. R., Belliveau, J. W., Ackerman, JL., Lauffer, RB., Buxton, RB., et al. (1988). Dynamic imaging with Lanthanide chelates in normal brain: contrast due to magnetic susceptibility effects. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 6(2), 164-174.


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
*[https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=72JMeUkAAAAJ&hl=de List of publications] on [[Google Scholar]].
*[http://www.cbs.mpg.de/staff/villringer-10668 Arno Villringer’s Personal Page at the Max Planck Institute]
*[http://www.cbs.mpg.de/staff/villringer-10668 Arno Villringer’s Personal Page at the Max Planck Institute]
*[http://www.cbs.mpg.de/depts/n-3 Department of Neurology at the Max Planck Institute]
*[http://www.cbs.mpg.de/depts/n-3 Department of Neurology at the Max Planck Institute]
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[[Category:German neurologists]]
[[Category:German neurologists]]
[[Category:University of Freiburg alumni]]
[[Category:University of Freiburg alumni]]
[[Category:Leipzig University faculty]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Leipzig University]]
[[Category:People from Lörrach (district)]]
[[Category:People from Lörrach (district)]]
[[Category:Max Planck Institute directors]]

Latest revision as of 20:44, 6 April 2023

Arno Villringer
Born1958 (age 65–66)
Germany
AwardsPater Leander Fischer Award, German Society of Laser Medicine (2005), endowed professorship (by Deutsche Forschungs Gemeinschaft) at Charité – Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (1996), Gerhard Hess Award, DFG (1993), DFG foreign exchange scholarship (1986)
Scientific career
FieldsMedicine, neurology, stroke research, brain plasticity
InstitutionsMax Planck Institute (professor, director), University of Leipzig (Professor), Charité - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (Honorary professor)

Arno Villringer (born 1958, Schopfheim, Germany) is a Director at the Department of Neurology [1] at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences[2] in Leipzig, Germany; Director of the Department of Cognitive Neurology at University of Leipzig Medical Center;[3] and Academic Director of the Berlin School of Mind and Brain [4] and the Mind&Brain Institute,[5] Berlin. He holds a full professorship at University of Leipzig and an honorary professorship at Charité, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. From July 2022 to June 2025 he is the Chairperson of the Human Sciences Section of the Max Planck Society.[6]

Academic career and achievements[edit]

Arno Villringer studied medicine at the University of Freiburg (German: Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg) from 1977 to 1984, graduating with a Doctor of Medicine (summa cum laude) higher degree in 1984. After a fellowship at the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Unit at Massachusetts General Hospital at Harvard Medical School in 1985, he worked in Munich, Germany, becoming a board certified neurologist in 1992, and gaining his professorial degree (Habilitation) at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in 1994.[7] From 1993 to 2007, he worked at the Department of Neurology at the Charité, Berlin, first as a consultant, and later as head of the Department of Neurology at the Benjamin Franklin Campus. Since 2006 he has been Academic Director of the Berlin School of Mind and Brain [4] and the Mind&Brain institute (since 2010),[5] since 2007 he has been Director of the Department of Neurology at the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences in Leipzig, Germany,[1] and director of the Department of Cognitive Neurology at the University of Leipzig Medical Center.[7]

Research foci[edit]

Research interests[edit]

  • Neurocognition of vascular risk factors and the path from risk factors to stroke and dementia
  • Mind Brain Body interactions
  • Neuroplasticity
  • Conscious and unconscious processing in the somatosensory system
  • Diverse research methods including behavioral and neurocognitive testing, neuroimaging (MRI, EEG, MEG, fNIRS, EEG/fMRI), neurostimulation (TDCS, TMS, TACS, focused ultrasound), brain computer interfaces, and virtual reality.[1]

Arno Villringer is the author of more than 600 academic articles (as of 2022) with more than >56000 citations, and an h-index of 116 (Google Scholar, August 2022) [8]

Pioneering work[edit]

Perfusion imaging[edit]

Arno Villringer pioneered magnetic resonance perfusion imaging of the brain by demonstrating that susceptibility contrast agents such as GdDTPA may be employed in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).[9] The susceptibility-based contrast mechanism later became relevant for the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) signal in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Optical imaging[edit]

In 1993, Villringer showed feasibility of noninvasive functional near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging (fNIRS, fNIRI) of the human brain[10][11] followed by > 50 publications establishing /validating fNIRS. Physiology empowered brain imaging: Since 1992 his research focus has been on neurophysiological mechanisms underlying brain function and plasticity, using multi-modal brain imaging, e.g., signatures of neuronal inhibition in functional brain imaging,[12][13] combined fNIRS/fMRI to establish relationship between BOLD and deoxy-Hb concentration in fMRI,[14] combined EEG/fMRI to show fMRI correlates of background rhythms [15][16] and simultaneously assess neuronal spiking and fMRI.[17]

Brain plasticity, development of vascular risk factors, stroke[edit]

Villringer currently pursues the hypothesis that (maladaptive) brain plasticity is crucial for the development of vascular risk factors leading to stroke and for the (lack of) recovery after stroke, and that brain plasticity can be beneficially modified. For this purpose, he employs multi-modal brain imaging to understand basic neurophysiological mechanisms underlying human brain plasticity in cortical and subcortical brain areas, and their interaction. Behavioral correlates include sensorimotor function, reaction to stress, and emotions. The clinical applications are (i) prevention of vascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension) and subsequent stroke, and (ii) recovery after stroke.

Expert activities/board memberships[edit]

  • 1999–present: German Competence Network Stroke, Berlin, Germany (Coordinator) [18]
  • 2005–present: International Max Planck Research School on the Life Course, Berlin: Member of Faculty [19]
  • 2008–present: Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases (LIFE), Germany: Board of Directors
  • 2010–2016: Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) AdiposityDiseases: Steering Committee
  • 2010–2018: Max Planck International Research Network on Aging (MaxNetAging), Rostock, Germany: Member
  • 2011–present: Dialogforum Depression, Berlin, Germany: Initiator
  • 2011–present: Research Initiative MPS-UCL, Berlin, Germany: Computational Psychiatry and Aging Research: Principal Investigator [20]
  • 2012–2019: NeuroCure, Research Cluster of Excellence (German Excellence Initiative), Berlin, Germany: Principal Investigator [21]
  • 2013–2021: Collaborative Research Center 1052 of the German Research Foundation [Sonderforschungsbereich der DFG] “Obesity Mechanisms”, Leipzig, Germany: Steering Committee [22]
  • 2013–2020: Spokesperson, International Max Planck Research School IMPRS NeuroCom, Leipzig, Germany [23]
  • 2018–present: International Max Planck Research School IMPRS COMP2PSYCH: Faculty Member [24]
  • 2018–present: Research Training Group 2386, Extrospection. External Access to Higher Cognitive Processes: Faculty Member [25]
  • 2018–present: Spokesperson of the Max Planck School of Cognition (Germany-wide, 15 universities, 10 Max Planck Institutes) [26]
  • 2020–present: Board Member, International Max Planck Research School IMPRS NeuroCom, Leipzig, Germany [23]
  • 2021–2022: Deputy Chairperson, Human Sciences Section of the Max Planck Society
  • 2022–2025: Chairperson of the Human Sciences Section of the Max Planck Society (comprising 22 Max Planck Institutes) [6]
  • 2022–2025: ex officio member of the Senate of the Max Planck Society

Sources:[7]

Memberships in scientific arganizations[edit]

  • Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurologie (Germany Neurological Society)
  • German Neuroscience Society](Founding Member, 1992)
  • German Stroke Society Deutsche Schlaganfall-Gesellschaft (Founding Member, 2001)
  • International Organization for Human Brain Mapping OHBM (Founding Member)
  • Society for Neuroscience (SfN)
  • International Society of Intracranial Hemodynamics (Phoenix, Founding Member, 1992)
  • International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM)

Awards[edit]

  • Pater Leander Fischer Award, German Society of Laser Medicine (2005)[27]
  • Gerhard Hess Award, DFG (1993)
  • DFG foreign exchange scholarship (1986)

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c "Department of Neurology".
  2. ^ "Home".
  3. ^ "Unser Team".
  4. ^ a b "Berlin School of Mind and Brain: Bodies and committees".
  5. ^ a b "Berlin School of Mind and Brain: MindBrainBody Institute".
  6. ^ a b "The Human Sciences Section".
  7. ^ a b c "Curriculum Vitae".
  8. ^ "Arno Villringer".
  9. ^ Villringer, Arno; Rosen, Bruce R.; Belliveau, John W.; Ackerman, Jerome L.; Lauffer, Randall B.; Buxton, Richard B.; Chao, Yong-Sheng; Wedeenand, Van J.; Brady, Thomas J. (1988). "Dynamic imaging with lanthanide chelates in normal brain: Contrast due to magnetic susceptibility effects". Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. 6 (2): 164–174. doi:10.1002/mrm.1910060205. PMID 3367774. S2CID 41228095.
  10. ^ Villringer, A.; Planck, J.; Hock, C.; Schleinkofer, L.; Dirnagl, U. (1993). "Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS): A new tool to study hemodynamic changes during activation of brain function in human adults". Neuroscience Letters. 154 (1–2): 101–104. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(93)90181-j. PMID 8361619. S2CID 45676442.
  11. ^ Villringer, A.; Chance, B. (1997). "Non-invasive optical spectroscopy and imaging of human brain function". Trends in Neurosciences. 20 (10): 435–442. doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(97)01132-6. PMID 9347608. S2CID 18077839.
  12. ^ Wenzel, Rüdiger; Wobst, Petra; Heekeren, Hauke H.; Kwong, Kenneth K.; Brandt, Stephan A.; Kohl, Matthias; Obrig, Hellmuth; Dirnagl, Ulrich; Villringer, Arno (2000). "Saccadic Suppression Induces Focal Hypooxygenation in the Occipital Cortex". Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism. 20 (7): 1103–1110. doi:10.1097/00004647-200007000-00010. PMID 10908044. S2CID 33827135.
  13. ^ Blankenburg, Felix; Taskin, Birol; Ruben, Jan; Moosmann, Matthias; Ritter, Petra; Curio, Gabriel; Villringer, Arno (2003). "Imperceptible Stimuli and Sensory Processing Impediment". Science. 299 (5614): 1864. doi:10.1126/science.1080806. PMID 12649475. S2CID 33732258.
  14. ^ Kleinschmidt, Andreas; Obrig, Hellmuth; Requardt, Martin; Merboldt, Klaus-Dietmar; Dirnagl, Ulrich; Villringer, Arno; Frahm, Jens (1996). "Simultaneous Recording of Cerebral Blood Oxygenation Changes during Human Brain Activation by Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy". Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism. 16 (5): 817–826. doi:10.1097/00004647-199609000-00006. PMID 8784226. S2CID 10720551.
  15. ^ Moosmann, Matthias; Ritter, Petra; Krastel, Ina; Brink, Andrea; Thees, Sebastian; Blankenburg, Felix; Taskin, Birol; Obrig, Hellmuth; Villringer, Arno (2003). "Correlates of alpha rhythm in functional magnetic resonance imaging and near infrared spectroscopy". NeuroImage. 20 (1): 145–158. doi:10.1016/s1053-8119(03)00344-6. PMID 14527577. S2CID 39614622.
  16. ^ Ritter, Petra; Moosmann, Matthias; Villringer, Arno (2009). "Rolandic alpha and beta EEG rhythms' strengths are inversely related to fMRI-BOLD signal in primary somatosensory and motor cortex". Human Brain Mapping. 30 (4): 1168–1187. doi:10.1002/hbm.20585. PMC 6870597. PMID 18465747.
  17. ^ Ritter, Petra; Freyer, Frank; Curio, Gabriel; Villringer, Arno (2008). "High-frequency (600 Hz) population spikes in human EEG delineate thalamic and cortical fMRI activation sites". NeuroImage. 42 (2): 483–490. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.026. PMID 18586526. S2CID 25810037.
  18. ^ "Kompetenznetz Schlaganfall | Competence Network Stroke".
  19. ^ "Arno Villringer | International Max Planck Research School on the Life Course".
  20. ^ "About the Centre".
  21. ^ "Structure - NeuroCure | Cluster of Excellence".
  22. ^ "SFB 1052 Mechanismen der Adipositas - Sfb1052 Mechanismen der Adipositas". www.sfb1052.de.
  23. ^ a b "Home".
  24. ^ "Imprs Comp2Psych".
  25. ^ "Berlin School of Mind and Brain: RTG 2386".
  26. ^ "People".
  27. ^ Pater-Leander-Fischer-Preis der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Lasermedizin an Berliner Neurologen (Pater Leander Fischer Award for Berlin neurologists) "IDW press release".

External links[edit]

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