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{{Short description|Brazilian military officer and positivist political thinker}}
{{unreferenced|date=September 2008}}
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{{Infobox officeholder
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{{Other people|Benjamin Constant}}
| name = Benjamin Constant
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{{Infobox politician
| name = Benjamin Constant
| image = Benjamin Constant.tif
| image = Benjamin Constant.tif
| alt =
| alt =
| caption =
| office = [[Ministry of War (Brazil)|Minister of War]]
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| caption =
| candidate =
| term_start = 15 November 1889
| term_end = 12 March 1890
| election_date =
| president = [[Deodoro da Fonseca]]
| runningmate =
| predecessor = [[Rufino Galvão, Viscount of Maracaju|Viscount of Maracaju]]
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| opponent =
| successor = [[Eduardo Wandenkolk]]
| incumbent =
| office2 = [[Ministry of Education (Brazil)|Secretary of State of Public Instruction, Posts and Telegraphs]]
| birth_date = 18 October 1836
| term_start2 = 19 April 1890
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| birth_place = [[Niterói]], [[Empire of Brazil]]
| death_date = {{d-da|22 January 1891|18 October 1836}}
| term_end2 = 21 January 1891
| death_place = [[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil
| president2 = [[Deodoro da Fonseca]]
| party =
| predecessor2 = Office established
| successor2 = João Barbalho (interim)
| otherparty =
| relations =
| birth_date = 18 October 1836
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| birth_place = [[Niterói]], [[Provinces of Brazil|Rio de Janeiro]], [[Empire of Brazil]]
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| spouse =
| death_date = {{death-date and age|22 January 1891|18 October 1836}}
| civil partner =
| death_place = [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Neutral Municipality]], Brazil
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| children =
| party = [[Republican Party (Brazil)|Republican]]
| residence =
| occupation =
| otherparty =
| religion =
| relations =
| spouse = {{marriage|Maria Joaquina Bittencourt Costa|1863}}
| signature =
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| children = 8
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| signature_alt =
| website =
| residence =
| footnotes =
| occupation =
| father = Leopoldo Henrique Botelho de Magalhães
| mother = Bernardina Joaquina da Silva Guimarães
| education = Praia Vermelha Military School
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| religion =
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| signature =
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| signature_alt =
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| website =
| footnotes =
| allegiance = [[Empire of Brazil]] (until 1889)<br>[[United States of Brazil]]
| branch = [[Imperial Brazilian Army]]<br>[[Brazilian Army]]
| serviceyears = 1852–1891
| rank = [[Lieutenant colonel]]
| battles = [[Paraguayan War]]
}}
}}
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{{Other people|Benjamin Constant}}
{{more citations needed|date=January 2021}}
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'''Benjamin Constant Botelho de Magalhães''' (18 October 1836 – 22 January 1891) was a Brazilian military officer and political thinker. Primarily a [[Positivism|positivist]], influenced heavily by [[Auguste Comte]], he was the founder of the positivist movement in Brazil ([[Sociedade Positivista do Brasil]], ''Brazilian Positivist Society''), and later this led to his [[Republicanism|republican]] views. He left the Brazilian Positivist Society because of internal disagreements, but remained an ardent pupil of Comte until the end of his life.

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Benjamin Constant was born in [[Niterói]]. He had a difficult childhood and attempted suicide at the age of 12. He served in the [[Paraguayan War]], and had a large family. He felt underpaid and unhappy as a soldier. An intellectual at heart, he was a great supporter of Comte's [[Religion of Humanity]].

His republican views led him to found the [[Clube Militar]] (or Military Club), with [[Deodoro da Fonseca]], in May 1887.<ref>{{cite book|author=Donald Francis O'Reilly|title=Rondon: Biography of a Brazilian Republican Army Commander|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ndwTAQAAIAAJ|year=1969|publisher=New York University|page=26}}</ref> It was based in the [[Praia Vermelha Military School]], and, shortly before his death, helped to [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|organize a coup]] to [[Decline and fall of Pedro II of Brazil|overthrew Emperor Pedro II]] and establish a republic.


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The Brazilian town of [[Benjamin Constant, Amazonas|Benjamin Constant]], [[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]], near the [[Amazon River]] and the [[Peru]]vian border, was named after him.
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'''Benjamin Constant Botelho de Magalhães''' (18 October 1836 – 22 January 1891) was a [[Brazil]]ian military man and political thinker. Primarily a positivist, influenced heavily by [[Auguste Comte]], he was the founder of the [[positivist]] movement in Brazil ([[Sociedade Positivista do Brasil]], ''Brazilian Positivist Society''), and later this led to his [[Republicanism|republican]] views. He left the Brazilian Positivist society because of internal disagreements, but remained an ardent pupil of Comte until the end of his life.


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He was considered ''the founder of the Republic'' in the Constitution of 1891, having died earlier the same year in [[Rio de Janeiro]], aged 54.
⚫
Benjamin Constant was born in [[Niterói]]. He had a difficult childhood and attempted [[suicide]] at the age of 12. He served in the [[Paraguayan War]], and had a large family. He felt underpaid and unhappy as a soldier. An [[intellectual]] at heart, he was a great supporter of Comte's [[Religion of Humanity]].


== See also ==
His Republican views led him to found the [[Clube Militar]] (or Military Club), with [[Deodoro da Fonseca]], in May 1887. It was based in the [[Praia Vermelha Military School]], and, shortly before his death, overthrew the emperor Pedro II and helped establish a republic.


* [[Benjamin Constant (Brazilian training ship)]]
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The Brazilian town of [[Benjamin Constant, Amazonas|Benjamin Constant]], near the Amazon river and the Peruvian border, was named after him.


==References==
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He was considered ''the founder of the Republic'' in the Constitution of 1891, having died earlier the same year in [[Rio de Janeiro]], aged 54.
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==

Latest revision as of 21:06, 15 October 2023

Benjamin Constant
Minister of War
In office
15 November 1889 – 12 March 1890
PresidentDeodoro da Fonseca
Preceded byViscount of Maracaju
Succeeded byEduardo Wandenkolk
Secretary of State of Public Instruction, Posts and Telegraphs
In office
19 April 1890 – 21 January 1891
PresidentDeodoro da Fonseca
Preceded byOffice established
Succeeded byJoão Barbalho (interim)
Personal details
Born18 October 1836
Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Empire of Brazil
Died22 January 1891 (1891-01-23) (aged 54)
Rio de Janeiro, Neutral Municipality, Brazil
Political partyRepublican
Spouse
Maria Joaquina Bittencourt Costa
​
​
(m. 1863)​
Children8
Parents
  • Leopoldo Henrique Botelho de Magalhães (father)
  • Bernardina Joaquina da Silva Guimarães (mother)
EducationPraia Vermelha Military School
Military service
AllegianceEmpire of Brazil (until 1889)
United States of Brazil
Branch/serviceImperial Brazilian Army
Brazilian Army
Years of service1852–1891
RankLieutenant colonel
Battles/warsParaguayan War
For other people named Benjamin Constant, see Benjamin Constant (disambiguation).

Benjamin Constant Botelho de Magalhães (18 October 1836 – 22 January 1891) was a Brazilian military officer and political thinker. Primarily a positivist, influenced heavily by Auguste Comte, he was the founder of the positivist movement in Brazil (Sociedade Positivista do Brasil, Brazilian Positivist Society), and later this led to his republican views. He left the Brazilian Positivist Society because of internal disagreements, but remained an ardent pupil of Comte until the end of his life.

Benjamin Constant was born in Niterói. He had a difficult childhood and attempted suicide at the age of 12. He served in the Paraguayan War, and had a large family. He felt underpaid and unhappy as a soldier. An intellectual at heart, he was a great supporter of Comte's Religion of Humanity.

His republican views led him to found the Clube Militar (or Military Club), with Deodoro da Fonseca, in May 1887.[1] It was based in the Praia Vermelha Military School, and, shortly before his death, helped to organize a coup to overthrew Emperor Pedro II and establish a republic.

The Brazilian town of Benjamin Constant, Amazonas, near the Amazon River and the Peruvian border, was named after him.

He was considered the founder of the Republic in the Constitution of 1891, having died earlier the same year in Rio de Janeiro, aged 54.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Donald Francis O'Reilly (1969). Rondon: Biography of a Brazilian Republican Army Commander. New York University. p. 26.

External links[edit]


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