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{{Infobox NRHP | name =Eagle Nest Dam |
{{Infobox NRHP |
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| name = Eagle Nest Dam |
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| nrhp_type = |
| nrhp_type = |
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| designated_other1 = New Mexico |
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| designated_other1_date = January 20, 1978 |
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| designated_other1_number = [https://web.archive.org/web/20141110122215/http://www.nmhistoricpreservation.org/assets/files/registers/2012%20Report_%20Section%203_%20Arranged%20by%20Number.pdf 549] |
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| designated_other1_num_position = bottom |
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| image = Mountain valley at Cimarron Canyon State Park (NM) Picture 1987.jpg |
| image = Mountain valley at Cimarron Canyon State Park (NM) Picture 1987.jpg |
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| caption = Eagle Nest Dam |
| caption = Eagle Nest Dam |
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| nearest_city= [[Eagle Nest, New Mexico]] |
| nearest_city = [[Eagle Nest, New Mexico]] |
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| coordinates = {{coord|36|31|54|N|105|13|44|W|display=inline,title}} |
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| lat_degrees = 36 |
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| lat_minutes = 31 |
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| lat_seconds = 54 |
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| lat_direction = N |
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| long_degrees = 105 |
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| long_minutes = 13 |
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| long_seconds = 44 |
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| long_direction = W |
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| locmapin = New Mexico |
| locmapin = New Mexico |
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| area = |
| area = {{convert|2500|acre}} |
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| built = |
| built = {{Start date|1920}} |
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| architect= |
| architect = Willis Ranney |
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| architecture= No Style Listed |
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| governing_body = Private |
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| refnum=79001537 |
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}} |
}} |
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| last = Caffey |
| last = Caffey |
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| first = David L. |
| first = David L. |
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| authorlink = |
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| coauthors = |
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| title = Frank Springer and New Mexico : from the Colfax County War to the emergence of modern Santa Fe |
| title = Frank Springer and New Mexico : from the Colfax County War to the emergence of modern Santa Fe |
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| publisher = Texas A&M University Press |
| publisher = Texas A&M University Press |
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| year = 2006 |
| year = 2006 |
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| location = College Station |
| location = College Station |
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| |
| page = 261 |
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⚫ | }}</ref> and Charles Springer, and the Cimarron Valley Land Company were granted a water permit to impound the water of the [[Cimarron River (Canadian River)|Cimarron River]] for irrigation by building a dam. Construction of the dam began in 1916, and continued until 1918.<ref name="Pike">{{cite book |
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| url = |
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| doi = |
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| id = |
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⚫ | |||
| last = Pike |
| last = Pike |
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| first = David |
| first = David |
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⚫ | |||
| authorlink = |
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| coauthors = |
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| publisher = University of New Mexico Press |
| publisher = University of New Mexico Press |
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| year = 2004 |
| year = 2004 |
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| location = Albuquerque, NM |
| location = Albuquerque, NM |
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| pages = |
| pages = 35 |
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| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=SSXRGB21WH4C&pg=PA35 |
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| url = |
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⚫ | | isbn = 978-0-8263-3118-2 }}</ref> The dam is {{convert|140|ft|m}} high and has an arc length of {{convert|400|ft|m}}. At the top, the dam is {{convert|9.5|ft|m}} wide, and it is {{convert|45.2|ft|m}} wide at the base.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.nmmagazine.com/regions/northeast/eagle_nest.php |title=New Mexico Magazine, the state magazine for New Mexico<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010144614/http://www.nmmagazine.com/regions/northeast/eagle_nest.php |archive-date=2008-10-10 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is considered the largest privately built dam in the United States.<ref>{{cite book |
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| doi = |
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| id = |
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⚫ | | isbn = 0-8263-3118- |
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| last = Jackson |
| last = Jackson |
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| first = Donald C |
| first = Donald C |
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| authorlink = |
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| coauthors = |
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| title = Great American Bridges and Dams |
| title = Great American Bridges and Dams |
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| publisher = John Wiley & Sons |
| publisher = John Wiley & Sons |
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| year = 1984 |
| year = 1984 |
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| location = New York |
| location = New York |
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| page = [https://archive.org/details/greatamericanbri0000jack/page/251 251] |
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| pages = 251 p |
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| url = https://archive.org/details/greatamericanbri0000jack/page/251 |
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| url = |
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| |
| isbn = 0-471-14385-5 |
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}}</ref> The resulting lake, known as Eagle Nest Lake has an area of {{convert|2500|acre|km2 sqmi}} and measures {{convert|5|mi|km}} long, and {{convert|2|mi|km}} wide.<ref name="Pike" /> The surface elevation of the water when the lake is at capacity is {{convert|8172|ft|m}} above sea level.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://geonames.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=138:3:0::NO:3:P3_FID,P3_TITLE:924133,Eagle%20Nest%20Lake|title=Eagle Nest Lake|website=Geographic Names Information System (GNIS), U.S. Geological Survey|access-date=June 3, 2017}}</ref> The reservoir has a capacity of {{convert|79120|acre.ft}} of water.<ref name="Thomson p. 11">{{cite journal|author1=Thomson, Bruce M.|author2=Abdul-Mehdi Ali|title=Water resources assessment of the Cimarron River and evaluation of water quality characteristics at the Maxwell National Wildlife Refuge|journal=Water Resources Field Methods Reports|year=2010|url= http://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wr_fmr/5|access-date=June 3, 2017|page=11 }}</ref> The dam was constructed by laborers from the [[Taos Pueblo]]. It is named Eagle Nest Dam for the eagles that made themselves a home on the sides of the dam.<ref name="Hudnall">{{cite book|author=Ken Hudnall|title=Spirits of the Border: The History and Mystery of New Mexico|year=2011|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VHJiCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT147|publisher=Grave Distractions Publications|isbn=978-1-4524-5151-0|page=PT147}}</ref> The dam sits between two granite walls, and as part of the plans, the Springers had to reroute [[U.S. Route 64]] to its current location, over McAvoy Hill.{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} |
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| id = |
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| isbn = 0-471-14385-5}}</ref> The resulting lake, known as Eagle Nest Lake has an area of {{convert|2500|acre|km2 sqmi}} and measures {{convert|5|mi|km}} long, and {{convert|2|mi|km}} wide. The surface elevation of the water is about {{convert|8300|ft|m}} above sea level. The dam and reservoir can hold {{convert|79000|acre.ft}} of water. The dam was constructed by laborers from the nearby [[Taos Pueblo]], and supposedly contains no reinforcing steel. The dam sits between two granite walls, and as part of the plans, the Springer's has to reroute [[U.S. Route 64]] to its current location, over McAvoy Hill. |
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To help finance the dam, Springer sold some [[water |
To help finance the dam, Springer sold some [[water right]]s from Eagle Nest Lake to local farmers and ranchers. These original rights are known as ''vested rights''. In 1951, the State of New Mexico adjudicated the watershed of the Cimarron River. This [[adjudication]] confirmed Springer's original permit which gave him the right to store surplus and flood water in the Eagle Nest Lake. There were many other court cases, and one of them ended up in the New Mexico State Supreme Court in 1990.{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} |
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Today, Eagle Nest Lake still serves its intended purpose as a [[reservoir]], which provides [[irrigation]] water via the [[Cimarron River (Canadian River)|Cimarron River]] and a complex canal system, to many farmers and ranchers,<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Thomson, Bruce M.|author2=Abdul-Mehdi Ali|title=Water resources assessment of the Cimarron River and evaluation of water quality characteristics at the Maxwell National Wildlife Refuge|journal=Water Resources Field Methods Reports|year=2010|url= http://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wr_fmr/5|access-date=June 3, 2017|pages=6, 11, 19, 22, 29 }}</ref> some as far as 50 miles downstream.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cimarronnm.com/uploads/2/3/9/7/23975243/dt_4_enchanted_circle.pdf|title=Enchanted Circle - Eagle Nest Lake|page=2|website=Cimarron, New Mexico|access-date=June 3, 2017}}</ref> Some of the water rights from Eagle Nest Lake have been purchased by local municipalities including [[Raton, New Mexico|Raton]]<ref name="Thomson p. 6">{{cite journal|author1=Thomson, Bruce M.|author2=Abdul-Mehdi Ali|title=Water resources assessment of the Cimarron River and evaluation of water quality characteristics at the Maxwell National Wildlife Refuge|journal=Water Resources Field Methods Reports|year=2010|url= http://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wr_fmr/5|access-date=June 3, 2017|pages=6, 19 }}</ref> and [[Springer, New Mexico|Springer]]. The villages of [[Angel Fire, New Mexico|Angel Fire]], [[Eagle Nest, New Mexico|Eagle Nest]],{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} and [[Cimarron, New Mexico|Cimarron]] can also get their water from the lake.<ref name="Thomson p. 6" /> |
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⚫ | |||
Today, Eagle Nest Lake still serves its intended purpose as a [[reservoir]], which provides [[irrigation]] water to many farmers and ranchers, some as far as 50 miles downstream, who get their water via the Springer Ditch Company. Some of the water rights from Eagle Nest Lake have been purchased by local towns including [[Raton, New Mexico|Raton]] and [[Springer, New Mexico|Springer]]. The villages of [[Angel Fire, New Mexico|Angel Fire]] and [[Eagle Nest, New Mexico|Eagle Nest]] can also get their water from the lake. |
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==State ownership== |
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==Purchase of Eagle Nest Lake== |
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In 2002, the State of New Mexico bought the lake, and it is now operated by the |
In 2002, the State of New Mexico bought the lake, and it is now operated by the New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission (ISC), but owners maintained their water rights. After New Mexico bought the lake, various water users approached Governor [[Bill Richardson]] in hopes of mediation to end the litigation over water rights. Governor Richardson and the local governing bodies signed the Eagle Nest Water Rights Settlement on June 2, 2006.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ose.state.nm.us/isc_canadian_eagle_nest_reservoir.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925152745/http://www.ose.state.nm.us/isc_canadian_eagle_nest_reservoir.html|archive-date=September 25, 2006|title=Canadian River Basin|website=New Mexico Office of the State Engineer|access-date=June 3, 2017}}</ref><ref name="Thomson p. 27">{{cite journal|author1=Thomson, Bruce M.|author2=Abdul-Mehdi Ali|title=Water resources assessment of the Cimarron River and evaluation of water quality characteristics at the Maxwell National Wildlife Refuge|journal=Water Resources Field Methods Reports|year=2010|url= http://digitalrepository.unm.edu/wr_fmr/5|access-date=June 3, 2017|pages=27 }}</ref> This settlement specifies that all users share in water shortages. The sharing arrangement is prorated based on the amount of water in the lake on June 1 of each year. All users will be treated equally, including the so-called ''Tier-Two'' users who make bulk water purchases. The agreement can be viewed on the web.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ose.state.nm.us/PDF/ISC/BasinsPrograms/Canadian/eagle_nest_agreement.pdf|title=Eagle Nest Agreement|website=New Mexico Office of the State Engineer|access-date=2008-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723165113/http://www.ose.state.nm.us/PDF/ISC/BasinsPrograms/Canadian/eagle_nest_agreement.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-23|url-status=dead}}</ref> The state established the [[Eagle Nest Lake State Park]] for use of the lake for recreational purposes.<ref name="Thomson p. 27" /> |
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* [[Palo Flechado Pass]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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*[[Eagle Nest Lake State Park]] |
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{{Registered Historic Places}} |
{{Registered Historic Places}} |
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[[Category:Dams in New Mexico]] |
[[Category:Dams in New Mexico]] |
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[[Category:Buildings and structures in Colfax County, New Mexico]] |
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Colfax County, New Mexico]] |
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[[Category:Dams completed in 1920]] |
[[Category:Dams completed in 1920]] |
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[[Category:Dams on the National Register of Historic Places in New Mexico]] |
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[[Category:National Register of Historic Places in Colfax County, New Mexico]] |
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[[Category:1920 establishments in New Mexico]] |
Latest revision as of 18:39, 10 September 2021
Eagle Nest Dam | |
Nearest city | Eagle Nest, New Mexico |
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Coordinates | 36°31′54″N 105°13′44″W / 36.53167°N 105.22889°W |
Area | 2,500 acres (1,000 ha) |
Built | 1920 |
Architect | Willis Ranney |
NRHP reference No. | 79001537[1] |
NMSRCP No. | 549 |
Significant dates | |
Added to NRHP | April 18, 1979 |
Designated NMSRCP | January 20, 1978 |
The Eagle Nest Dam is a dam just east of the town of Eagle Nest, New Mexico on U.S. Route 64. The dam, on private property, is on the Cimarron River, and is responsible for Eagle Nest Lake.
History[edit]
In 1907, two wealthy ranchers, Frank Springer [2] and Charles Springer, and the Cimarron Valley Land Company were granted a water permit to impound the water of the Cimarron River for irrigation by building a dam. Construction of the dam began in 1916, and continued until 1918.[3] The dam is 140 feet (43 m) high and has an arc length of 400 feet (120 m). At the top, the dam is 9.5 feet (2.9 m) wide, and it is 45.2 feet (13.8 m) wide at the base.[4] It is considered the largest privately built dam in the United States.[5] The resulting lake, known as Eagle Nest Lake has an area of 2,500 acres (10 km2; 3.9 sq mi) and measures 5 miles (8.0 km) long, and 2 miles (3.2 km) wide.[3] The surface elevation of the water when the lake is at capacity is 8,172 feet (2,491 m) above sea level.[6] The reservoir has a capacity of 79,120 acre-feet (97,590,000 m3) of water.[7] The dam was constructed by laborers from the Taos Pueblo. It is named Eagle Nest Dam for the eagles that made themselves a home on the sides of the dam.[8] The dam sits between two granite walls, and as part of the plans, the Springers had to reroute U.S. Route 64 to its current location, over McAvoy Hill.[citation needed]
Water rights[edit]
To help finance the dam, Springer sold some water rights from Eagle Nest Lake to local farmers and ranchers. These original rights are known as vested rights. In 1951, the State of New Mexico adjudicated the watershed of the Cimarron River. This adjudication confirmed Springer's original permit which gave him the right to store surplus and flood water in the Eagle Nest Lake. There were many other court cases, and one of them ended up in the New Mexico State Supreme Court in 1990.[citation needed]
Today, Eagle Nest Lake still serves its intended purpose as a reservoir, which provides irrigation water via the Cimarron River and a complex canal system, to many farmers and ranchers,[9] some as far as 50 miles downstream.[10] Some of the water rights from Eagle Nest Lake have been purchased by local municipalities including Raton[11] and Springer. The villages of Angel Fire, Eagle Nest,[citation needed] and Cimarron can also get their water from the lake.[11]
State ownership[edit]
In 2002, the State of New Mexico bought the lake, and it is now operated by the New Mexico Interstate Stream Commission (ISC), but owners maintained their water rights. After New Mexico bought the lake, various water users approached Governor Bill Richardson in hopes of mediation to end the litigation over water rights. Governor Richardson and the local governing bodies signed the Eagle Nest Water Rights Settlement on June 2, 2006.[12][13] This settlement specifies that all users share in water shortages. The sharing arrangement is prorated based on the amount of water in the lake on June 1 of each year. All users will be treated equally, including the so-called Tier-Two users who make bulk water purchases. The agreement can be viewed on the web.[14] The state established the Eagle Nest Lake State Park for use of the lake for recreational purposes.[13]
See also[edit]
- Palo Flechado Pass
- Cimarron Canyon State Park
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Colfax County, New Mexico
References[edit]
- ^ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
- ^ Caffey, David L. (2006). Frank Springer and New Mexico : from the Colfax County War to the emergence of modern Santa Fe. College Station: Texas A&M University Press. p. 261.
- ^ a b Pike, David (2004). Roadside New Mexico: A Guide to Historic Markers. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-8263-3118-2.
- ^ "New Mexico Magazine, the state magazine for New Mexico". Archived from the original on 2008-10-10. Retrieved 2008-06-28.
- ^ Jackson, Donald C (1984). Great American Bridges and Dams. New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 251. ISBN 0-471-14385-5.
- ^ "Eagle Nest Lake". Geographic Names Information System (GNIS), U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
- ^ Thomson, Bruce M.; Abdul-Mehdi Ali (2010). "Water resources assessment of the Cimarron River and evaluation of water quality characteristics at the Maxwell National Wildlife Refuge". Water Resources Field Methods Reports: 11. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
- ^ Ken Hudnall (2011). Spirits of the Border: The History and Mystery of New Mexico. Grave Distractions Publications. p. PT147. ISBN 978-1-4524-5151-0.
- ^ Thomson, Bruce M.; Abdul-Mehdi Ali (2010). "Water resources assessment of the Cimarron River and evaluation of water quality characteristics at the Maxwell National Wildlife Refuge". Water Resources Field Methods Reports: 6, 11, 19, 22, 29. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
- ^ "Enchanted Circle - Eagle Nest Lake" (PDF). Cimarron, New Mexico. p. 2. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
- ^ a b Thomson, Bruce M.; Abdul-Mehdi Ali (2010). "Water resources assessment of the Cimarron River and evaluation of water quality characteristics at the Maxwell National Wildlife Refuge". Water Resources Field Methods Reports: 6, 19. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
- ^ "Canadian River Basin". New Mexico Office of the State Engineer. Archived from the original on September 25, 2006. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
- ^ a b Thomson, Bruce M.; Abdul-Mehdi Ali (2010). "Water resources assessment of the Cimarron River and evaluation of water quality characteristics at the Maxwell National Wildlife Refuge". Water Resources Field Methods Reports: 27. Retrieved June 3, 2017.
- ^ "Eagle Nest Agreement" (PDF). New Mexico Office of the State Engineer. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2008-06-28.