German submarine U-381: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 19:11, 21 September 2015
History | |
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Nazi Germany | |
Name | U-381 |
Ordered | 16 October 1939 |
Builder | Howaldtswerke AG, Kiel |
Laid down | 26 April 1941 |
Launched | 14 January 1942 |
Commissioned | 25 February 1942 |
Fate | Posted missing south of Greenland in May 1943. The cause of her disappearance has never been determined. |
General characteristics [1] | |
Class and type | Type VIIC submarine |
Displacement | list error: <br /> list (help) 769 tonnes (757 long tons) surfaced 871 t (857 long tons) submerged |
Length | list error: <br /> list (help) 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in) o/a 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in) pressure hull |
Beam | list error: <br /> list (help) 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull |
Height | 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in) |
Draft | 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in) |
Installed power | list error: <br /> list (help) 2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels) 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric) |
Propulsion | list error: <br /> list (help) 2 shafts; 2 × diesel engines 2 × electric motors |
Speed | list error: <br /> list (help) 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged |
Range | list error: <br /> list (help) 8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged |
Test depth | list error: <br /> list (help) 230 m (750 ft) Crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft) |
Complement | 4 officers, 40–56 enlisted |
Armament | list error: mixed text and list (help)
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German submarine U-381 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II. She failed to return in May 1943 and was declared missing in unknown circumstances.
The boat was laid down on 26 April 1941 at the Howaldtswerke in Kiel as yard number 12, launched on 14 January 1942 and commissioned on 25 February; Kapitänleutnant Wilhelm-Heinrich Graf von Pückler und Limburg was her CO throughout her career.
She did not sink any ships.
Design
German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-381 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged.[1] It had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two Garbe, Lahmeyer & Co. RP 137/c double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 shaft horsepower (760 PS; 560 kW) for use while submerged. It had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. It was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[1]
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph).[1] When submerged, it could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, it could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-381 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at its bow and one at its stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and an anti-aircraft gun. It had a complement of between forty-four and sixty.[1]
Service history
She began her service life in the 5th U-boat Flotilla, a training organization, between 25 February 1942 and 30 September of the same year, before moving on to the 7th flotilla for operations.
1st patrol
U381's first sortie took her from Kiel to a point three-quarters of the way across the Atlantic before steaming empty-handed to St. Nazaire in France.
2nd patrol
Her next patrol was no better, starting and finishing in St. Nazaire between 19 December 1942 and 19 February 1943, (a total of 63 days at sea). She was unsuccessfully attacked on the return leg west of Portugal by a Catalina flying boat of No. 202 Squadron RAF.
3rd patrol and loss
U-371's third patrol ended abruptly after 52 days when she was sunk with the loss of all hands on 21 May 1943 (probably). She was lost in mid-Atlantic (south of Greenland) through unknown circumstances.[2]
Wolfpacks
U-381 took part in nine wolfpacks, namely.
- Panther (11–20 October 1942)
- Veilchen (20 October – 5 November 1942)
- Delphin (26 December 1942 – 14 February 1943)
- Adler (11–13 April 1943)
- Meise (13–27 April 1943)
- Star (27 April – 4 May 1943)
- Fink (4–6 May 1943)
- Inn (11–15 May 1943)
- Donau 1 (15–21 May 1943)
References
- ^ a b c d e Gröner 1985, pp. 72–74.
- ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC boat U-381". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
Bibliography
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help); Invalid|ref=harv
(help) - Edwards, Bernard (1996). Dönitz and the Wolf Packs - The U-boats at War. Cassell Military Classics. p. 212. ISBN 0-304-35203-9.
- Gröner, Erich (1985). U-Boote, Hilfskreuzer, Minenschiffe, Netzleger, Sperrbrecher (in German). Vol. III. Koblenz: Bernard & Graefe. ISBN 3-7637-4802-4.
{{cite book}}
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ignored (help); Invalid|ref=harv
(help)
External links
- Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC boat U-381". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 26 December 2014.