HMS Nereus (1916)

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Sistership Marmion underway at speed
History
United Kingdom
NameHMS Nereus
NamesakeNereus
OrderedSeptember 1914
BuilderThornycroft, Woolston, Southampton
Yard number790
Laid downMarch 1915
Launched24 February 1916
CommissionedMay 1916
Out of service15 November 1921
FateBroken up July 1922
General characteristics
Class and typeAdmiralty M-class destroyer
Displacement
Length265 ft (80.8 m) (p.p.)
Beam26 ft 7 in (8.1 m)
Draught8 ft 7 in (2.62 m)
Installed power3 Yarrow boilers, 25,000 shp (19,000 kW)
PropulsionParsons steam turbines, 3 shafts
Speed34 knots (39.1 mph; 63.0 km/h)
Range2,280 nmi (4,220 km; 2,620 mi) at 17 kn (31 km/h; 20 mph)
Complement80
Armament

HMS Nereus was a Admiralty M-class destroyer which served with the Royal Navy during the First World War. Launched in 1916, the vessel served with the Grand Fleet until the end of the conflict. The vessel operated as part for Thirteenth Destroyer Flotilla in support of convoy operations. In 1918, the flotilla took part in one of the last sorties of the war, although the British and German fleets did not meet and the destroyer returned without seeing any action. After the conflict, the destroyer was worn out by the demands of high speed operation in poor weather. Nereus was decommissioned and sold to be broken up in 1921 after less than six years service.

Design and development[edit]

Nereus was one of sixteen Admiralty M-class destroyer destroyers ordered by the British Admiralty in September 1914 as part of the First War Construction Programme.[1] The M-class was an improved version of the earlier L-class destroyers, required to reach a higher speed in order to counter rumoured German fast destroyers. The remit was to have a maximum speed of 36 knots (67 km/h; 41 mph) and, although the eventual design did not achieve this, the greater performance was appreciated by the navy. It transpired that the German ships did not exist.[2]

The destroyer was 265-foot (80.8 m) long between perpendiculars, with a beam of 26 feet 7 inches (8.1 m) and a draught of 8 feet 7 inches (2.6 m). Displacement was 994 long tons (1,010 t) normal and 1,025 long tons (1,041 t) at full load.[3] Power was provided by three oil fired Yarrow boilers each exhausting through three small funnels, which was a distinguishing feature of the class.[4] The boilers fed Parsons steam turbines rated at 25,000 shaft horsepower (19,000 kW) which connected directly to three shafts to give a design speed of 34 knots (63 km/h; 39 mph). A total of 268 long tons (272 t) of oil could be carried, including 40 long tons (41 t) in peace tanks that were not used in wartime, giving a design range of 2,280 nautical miles (4,220 km; 2,620 mi) at 17 knots (31 km/h; 20 mph).[5]

Armament consisted of three single QF 4-inch (102 mm) Mk IV guns on the ship's centreline, with one on the forecastle, one aft on a raised platform and one between the funnels. Torpedo armament consisted of two twin mounts for 21 in (533 mm) torpedoes.[6][7] A single QF 2-pounder 40 mm (1.6 in) "pom-pom" anti-aircraft gun was mounted between the torpedo tubes.[4][8] Nereus was equipped with two depth charge chutes aft for anti-submarine warfare.[9] The ship had a complement of 80 officers and ratings.[4]

Construction and career[edit]

Construction by John I. Thornycroft & Company of Woolston, Southampton was started when the hull was laid down during March 1915.[4] Yard number 790 was allocated during construction.[10] The ship was launched on 24 February and completed in May the following year.[11] The vessel was named after Nereus, a sea god in Greek mythology.[12]

On entering service, Nereus joined the Grand Fleet as part of the Thirteenth Destroyer Flotilla based at Rosyth.[13][14] The vessel operated in support of convoy operations. On 13 December, while forming part of a hunting group sent out to search for German warships that threatened convoys in the North Sea, the destroyer's forecastle was damaged by the sea conditions, leading to the entire flotilla being withdrawn.[15] A similar operation took place between 1 and 10 October 1917.[16] The flotilla also took part in the Royal Navy's engagement with one of the final sorties of the German High Seas Fleet during the First World War, on 24 April 1918, although the two fleets did not actually meet and the destroyer saw no action.[17] The destroyer was later transferred to the Fourth Destroyer Flotilla based at Devonport.[18]

The harsh conditions of wartime service, particularly the combination of high speed and the poor weather that is typical of the North Sea, exacerbated by the fact that the hull was not galvanised, meant that the destroyer was soon worn out.[19] After the Armistice of 11 November 1918 that ended the war, the Royal Navy returned to a peacetime level of strength and both the number of ships and the amount of personnel needed to be reduced to save money.[20] Nereus was initially moved to Nore and then reduced to Care and Maintenance at Chatham Dockyard on 10 October 1919.[21][22] Decommissioned and sold to Cashmore of Newport on 15 November 1921, the destroyer was subsequently broken up July the following year.[23] The ship's bell was retained and currently resides in the Imperial War Museum.[24]

Pennant numbers[edit]

Pennant Number Date
G19 September 1915[25]
F12 January 1917[26]
F33 January 1918[11]
H21 April 1918[27]
H37 November 1918[26]
F80 January 1919[28]

References[edit]

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ McBride 1991, p. 34.
  2. ^ Friedman 2009, p. 132.
  3. ^ McBride 1991, p. 44.
  4. ^ a b c d Parkes & Prendergast 1969, p. 109.
  5. ^ Friedman 2009, p. 157.
  6. ^ Preston 1985, pp. 76, 80.
  7. ^ March 1966, p. 174.
  8. ^ Friedman 2009, p. 156.
  9. ^ Friedman 2009, p. 150.
  10. ^ Preston 1985, p. 79.
  11. ^ a b Friedman 2009, p. 308.
  12. ^ Manning & Walker 1959, p. 312.
  13. ^ "Destroyer Flotillas of the Grand Fleet". Supplement to the Monthly Navy List. April 1916. Retrieved 5 April 2020 – via National Library of Scotland.
  14. ^ Naval Staff Monograph No. 33 1927, p. 259.
  15. ^ Naval Staff Monograph No. 34 1933, p. 12.
  16. ^ Newbolt 1931, p. 152.
  17. ^ Newbolt 1931, p. 287.
  18. ^ "VII. Local Defence and Escort Flotillas". Supplement to the Monthly Navy List: 16–17. April 1916. Retrieved 27 December 2022 – via National Library of Scotland.
  19. ^ Preston 1985, p. 80.
  20. ^ Moretz 2002, p. 79.
  21. ^ "XI. Vessels at Home Ports Temporarily". Supplement to the Monthly Navy List: 19. January 1919. Retrieved 5 April 2020 – via National Library of Scotland.
  22. ^ "597. Nereus". The Navy List: 815. July 1920. Retrieved 5 April 2020 – via National Library of Scotland.
  23. ^ Colledge & Warlow 2006, p. 226.
  24. ^ "Accessory, Ship's Bell (HMS Nereus 1916), British". iwm.org. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
  25. ^ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 62.
  26. ^ a b Dittmar & Colledge 1972, p. 68.
  27. ^ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 71.
  28. ^ Bush & Warlow 2021, p. 51.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Bush, Steve; Warlow, Ben (2021). Pendant Numbers of the Royal Navy: A Complete History of the Allocation of Pendant Numbers to Royal Navy Warships & Auxiliaries. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-52679-378-2.
  • Colledge, J.J.; Warlow, Ben (2006). Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of All Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy. London: Chatham Press. ISBN 978-1-93514-907-1.
  • Dittmar, F.J.; Colledge, J.J. (1972). British Warships 1914–1919. Shepperton: Ian Allan. ISBN 978-0-71100-380-4.
  • Friedman, Norman (2009). British Destroyers: From Earliest Days to the First World War. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-049-9.
  • Manning, Thomas Davys; Walker, Charles Frederick (1959). British Warship Names. London: Putnam. OCLC 780274698.
  • March, Edgar J. (1966). British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892–1953; Drawn by Admiralty Permission From Official Records & Returns, Ships' Covers & Building Plans. London: Seeley Service. OCLC 164893555.
  • McBride, Keith (1991). "British 'M' Class Destroyers of 1913–14". In Gardiner, Robert (ed.). Warship 1991. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 34–49. ISBN 978-0-85177-582-1.
  • Moretz, Joseph (2002). The Royal Navy and the Capital Ship in the Interwar Period. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-71465-196-5.
  • Monograph No. 33: Home Waters: Part VII: From June 1916 to November 1916 (PDF). Naval Staff Monographs (Historical). Vol. XVII. Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division. 1927.
  • Monograph No. 34: Home Waters—Part VIII: December 1916 to April 1917 (PDF). Naval Staff Monographs (Historical). Vol. XVIII. The Naval Staff, Training and Staff Duties Division. 1933.
  • Newbolt, Henry (1931). Naval Operations: Volume V. History of the Great War. London: Longmans, Green and Co. OCLC 220475309.
  • Parkes, Oscar; Prendergast, Maurice (1969). Jane's Fighting Ships 1919. Newton Abbott: David & Charles. OCLC 907574860.
  • Preston, Antony (1985). "Great Britain and Empire Forces". In Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal (eds.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 1–104. ISBN 978-0-85177-245-5.
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