Norodom of Cambodia and German submarine U-337: Difference between pages
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=='''Norodom's Life'''== |
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[[Image:Norodom_I.jpg|thumb|270px|Norodom I]] |
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'''Norodom''' ([[1834]]-[[1904]]) rules as king of [[Cambodia]] from 1860 to 1904. He was the eldest son of King [[Ang Duong]][http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ang_Duong] and half-brother of [[Si Votha|Prince Si Votha]] as well as the half-brother of [[Sisowath of Cambodia|King Sisowath]]. Norodom is cognate with Narottam in [[Sanskrit]] which means Best(Uttam) of men(Nar).Norodom was considered to be the first modern Khmer king. He was credited with saving Cambodia from disappearing altogether. In 1863,to prevent the two powerful neighbours, Vietnam and Siam, from swallowing Cambodia altogether he invited France to become Cambodia protectorate. Many Cambodians believed that this brilliant act and his shrewdness did actually save Cambodia from disappearing. |
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{{Infobox Ship Career |
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When he was born, Cambodia was under [[Vietnam|Vietnamese]] and [[Siamese]] rule. The two powers had partitioned the country between them, but the royal family remained in the Siamese zone, as the Vietnamese were more authoritarian than the Siamese. Nonetheless, Vietnam and Siam frequently fought wars over Cambodian territory. The royal capital of Cambodia was in [[Oudong]], but the main center of the area was the capital of Siam in [[Bangkok]]. Prince Norodom was sent by his father to study in Bangkok, where he studied Buddhist scriptures as well as the ancient [[Pāli|Pali]] language. |
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=='''Norodom's Rule'''== |
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|Ship flag=[[Image:War Ensign of Germany 1938-1945.svg|50px|Kriegsmarine naval ensign]] |
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In 1860, when King Ang Duong died, Norodom became his successor but remained uncrowned because the Siamese royal court refused to release the Cambodian royal regalia, effectively made Norodom a viceroy of the Siamese king. After Norodom put Cambodia under the French Protectorate in 1863 the Siamese royal court agreed to let Norodom be crowned king. In 1864 Norodom was crowned, the coronation being supervised jointly by the French and Siamese officials. Nonetheless, the young king began to rule over a country in civil turmoil. The Siamese and the Vietnamese had traditionally treated Cambodia as a buffer state, but [[France]] began to encroach on both Siamese and Vietnamese territory. However, the country was weak and subject to the power struggles between [[France]] and Siam. Not only where there rebel groups intent on getting the Siamese and the Vietnamese out of Cambodia, but also bandit groups. At the same time, King Norodom inherited a major [[Cham people|Cham]] rebellion against Khmer rule which his father began to sustain but died before he could defeat them. In 1862, Norodom lost control over the region and abandoned the capital of Odong and fled to the safety of [[Battambang]] (though the capital was still at Odong) and later flees Cambodia altogether and goes into exile in Bangkok. Seeing that the Siamese and Vietnamese overlords had gotten Cambodia into civil strife, the French forced King Norodom to return to Odong in 1863 and sign a treaty of protection with France, which transferred the country from Siamese and Vietnamese to French colonial rule. Cambodia thus became an independent French protectorate, though it was highly autonomous. Nonetheless, in 1884, France took control of Laos and overran Vietnam, and also silenced Siam by defeating it in a war (but not occupying it) in 1885, making Cambodia an all out French colony. |
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=='''Norodom and the French Protectorate'''== |
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In 1884 the French authority forced King Norodom to sign a treaty giving the French Protectorate virtually all administrative controls over Cambodia, including finances, a life line of Norodom's rule. Norodom resisted but with the Frenc gunboats buoyed outside the front gate of the royal palace he had no choice but to sign. The French actions cause widespread popular anger.In 1885 and 1886 Prince Si Votha, Norodom's half brother led a revolt against the French rule. The French suspected that Norodom was secretly supporting Si Votha's actions and the French blamed him for inciting the revolts. The revolt ended when the Cambodians were assured by King Norodom that the French had offered concessions to him. After the restoration of the calm of 1885-1886 revolt Norodom was in a position of temporary strength. To prevent another revolt, the French was less inclined to force the king to the wall once more. |
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|Ship laid down=[[April 1]], [[1941]] |
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The rest of Norodom's rule was nothing but puppetry on the part of the French. Before he died in 1904 he appointed his son, Prince Yukanthor[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukanthor#The_Yukanthor_Affairs], as heir appearent to the throne, before Yukanthor had a fall-out with the French. The French changed a lot in Cambodia, moving the capital from Oudong to Phonm Penh. Norodom could do nothing to prevent this, and died in 1904 in Phnom Penh. His body was cremated in the traditional Buddhist fashion in 1906. |
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He was succeeded by his half-brother and the Crown Prince, Prince [[Sisowath of Cambodia|Sisowath]]. |
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|Ship commissioned=[[May 6]], [[1942]] |
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He is considered the first modern king of Cambodia. |
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| before = [[Ang Duong]] |
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| title = [[King of Cambodia]] |
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|Ship fate=[[Missing In Action|MIA]] in the North [[Atlantic]], last report at 63N, 12W. |
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| after = [[Sisowath]] |
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| years = [[1860]] to [[1904]] |
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{{Infobox Ship Characteristics |
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|Ship displacement=769 [[tonne]]s surfaced <br> 871 tonnes submerged <br> 1070 tonnes total |
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|Ship length=67.1 [[Metre|m]] total <br> 50.5 m pressure hull |
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|Ship beam=6.2 m total <br> 4.7 m pressure hull |
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|Ship draught= |
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|Ship draft=4.74 m |
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|Ship depth=220 m (722 [[Foot (unit of length)|ft]]) |
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|Ship propulsion=Diesel-electric <br> 3200 [[Horsepower|hp]] (2,400 [[Watt|kW]]) surfaced <br> 750 hp (560 kW) submerged |
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|Ship speed=17.7 [[Knot (speed)|knots]] (33 [[Kilometre per hour|km/h]]) surfaced <br> 7.6 knots (14 km/h) submerged |
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|Ship range=13,700 [[Kilometre|km]] (8200 [[mile]]s) at 10 knots (19 km/h) surfaced <br> 125 km (80 miles) at 4 knots (7 km/h) submerged |
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|Ship complement=44-52 men |
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|Ship armament=88 mm/45 deck gun with 220 rounds <br> 4 bow and 1 aft [[torpedo tube]]s <br> 14 [[torpedo]]es |
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Unterseeboot 337 was a German U-boat. It disappeared in the North Atlantic in January 1943. Its loss remains unexplained. Its |
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Commander was Oblt. Kurt Ruwiedel. |
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==External links== |
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* [http://www.uboat.net/boats/u337.htm U-337 at U-boat.net] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:U0337}} |
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=='''References'''== |
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1. Encyclopedia Britanica.com |
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[[Category:U-boats commissioned in 1942]] |
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2. Milton E. Osborne, The French Presence in Cochinchina and Cambodia |
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[[Category:U-boats of World War II]] |
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{{submarine-stub}} |
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[[es:Norodom]] |
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[[eo:Norodom de Kamboĝo]] |
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[[vi:Norodom]] |
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[[zh:诺罗敦·安·吴哥]] |
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Revision as of 22:38, 10 October 2008
| History | |
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.svg){kind=small} | |
| Laid down | April 1, 1941 |
| Commissioned | May 6, 1942 |
| Fate | MIA in the North Atlantic, last report at 63N, 12W. |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement | list error: <br /> list (help) 769 tonnes surfaced 871 tonnes submerged 1070 tonnes total |
| Length | list error: <br /> list (help) 67.1 m total 50.5 m pressure hull |
| Beam | list error: <br /> list (help) 6.2 m total 4.7 m pressure hull |
| Draft | 4.74 m |
| Depth | 220 m (722 ft) |
| Propulsion | list error: <br /> list (help) Diesel-electric 3200 hp (2,400 kW) surfaced 750 hp (560 kW) submerged |
| Speed | list error: <br /> list (help) 17.7 knots (33 km/h) surfaced 7.6 knots (14 km/h) submerged |
| Range | list error: <br /> list (help) 13,700 km (8200 miles) at 10 knots (19 km/h) surfaced 125 km (80 miles) at 4 knots (7 km/h) submerged |
| Complement | 44-52 men |
| Armament | list error: <br /> list (help) 88 mm/45 deck gun with 220 rounds 4 bow and 1 aft torpedo tubes 14 torpedoes |
Unterseeboot 337 was a German U-boat. It disappeared in the North Atlantic in January 1943. Its loss remains unexplained. Its Commander was Oblt. Kurt Ruwiedel.
External links
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