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{{short description|Provincial crown corporation in British Columbia}}
{{Short description|Provincial crown corporation in British Columbia}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
|logo = Insurance_Corporation_of_British_Columbia_Logo.svg
|logo = Insurance_Corporation_of_British_Columbia_Logo.svg
Line 6: Line 8:
|location_city = [[North Vancouver (city)|North Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]]
|location_city = [[North Vancouver (city)|North Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]]
|location_country = [[Canada]]
|location_country = [[Canada]]
|revenue = 6.434 Billion [[Canadian dollar|CAD]] (2017) <ref name="annual_report_2017">{{Cite report | title=Insurance Corporation of British Columbia 2016/17 ANNUAL SERVICE PLAN REPORT |format=PDF |access-date=2 March 2018}}</ref>
|revenue = 5.52 Billion [[Canadian dollar|CAD]] (2021) <ref name="annual_report_2021">{{Cite report | title=Insurance Corporation of British Columbia 2020/21 ANNUAL SERVICE PLAN REPORT }}</ref>
|net_income = -6.652 Million[[Canadian dollar|CAD]] (2017) <ref name="annual_report_2017" />
|net_income = 1.538 Billion [[Canadian dollar|CAD]] (2021) <ref name="annual_report_2021" />
|num_employees = 5,200 <ref name="annualreport">{{Cite report |url =http://www.icbc.com/csDelPrd/Satellite?c=ICBC_Document_C&cid=1318422331792&pagename=ICBC%2FICBC_Document_C%2Ficbc_DocumentLinkT | title=ICBC 2010 Annual Report |format=PDF |access-date=12 November 2011}}</ref>
|num_employees = 5,200 <ref name="annualreport">{{Cite report |url =http://www.icbc.com/csDelPrd/Satellite?c=ICBC_Document_C&cid=1318422331792&pagename=ICBC%2FICBC_Document_C%2Ficbc_DocumentLinkT | title=ICBC 2010 Annual Report |format=PDF |access-date=November 12, 2011}}</ref>
|type = [[Crown corporations of Canada|Crown corporation]]
|type = [[Crown corporations of Canada|Crown corporation]]
|industry = [[Insurance]]
|industry = [[Insurance]]
Line 15: Line 17:
|website = [https://www.icbc.com/Pages/default.aspx icbc.com]
|website = [https://www.icbc.com/Pages/default.aspx icbc.com]
}}
}}
The '''Insurance Corporation of British Columbia''' ('''ICBC''') is a [[Provinces and territories of Canada|provincial]] [[List of British Columbia Government Agencies and Crown Corporations|Crown corporation]] in [[British Columbia]] providing [[vehicle insurance]]. ICBC was created in 1973 by the [[British Columbia New Democratic Party|NDP]] government of Premier [[Dave Barrett]].
⚫
The '''Insurance Corporation of British Columbia''' ('''ICBC''') is a [[Provinces and territories of Canada|provincial]] [[List of British Columbia Government Agencies and Crown Corporations|Crown corporation]] in [[British Columbia]] created in 1973 by the [[British Columbia New Democratic Party|NDP]] government of Premier [[Dave Barrett]]. The original purpose of ICBC was to provide universal and affordable compulsory [[public auto insurance]] in British Columbia by operating on a non-profit basis.<ref>Premier Dave Barrett: "Government-owned automobile insurance represents an opportunity for the people of British Columbia who use their automobiles as a utility to have the right to decent automobile insurance protection at no-profit rates." ([https://www.leg.bc.ca/documents-data/debate-transcripts/30th-parliament/2nd-session/30p_02s_730306p#01022 Hansard: 2nd session, 30th Parliament, Afternoon March 6, 1973, p. 1042])</ref><ref>Minister Hanson (the Social Credit minister responsible for ICBC): "The mandate of ICBC, which was established a number of years ago, was to break even… The bottom line is that ICBC is a user-paying, non-profit, break-even corporation. There haven't been great payments to government out of ICBC. Government has nothing to do with it. It stands on its own. Rates are established for that reason and for actuarial reasons. The bottom line is: break even and don't end up with a surplus or a deficit." ([https://www.leg.bc.ca/documents-data/debate-transcripts/34th-parliament/2nd-session/34p_02s_880422a Hansard: 2nd Session, 34th Parliament, 22 April 1988])</ref> However, in March 2010, [[Christy Clark]]'s [[British Columbia Liberal Party|BC Liberal]] government announced that it would require ICBC to pay the province dividends totalling some $778 million over three years, thus signalling the end of ICBC’s operation as a non-profit Crown corporation, and also making it the only for-profit public auto insurance provider in Canada.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pressreader.com/canada/times-colonist/20100307/281994668656559|title=Cash grab from ICBC will cost drivers|last=Willcocks|first=Paul|date=7 March 2010|work=Times Colonist|access-date=22 June 2017}}</ref><ref>There are three other public auto insurers in Canada: Manitoba Public Insurance, Saskatchewan Government Insurance, and the Societé de l'assurance automobile du Québec. All three are disallowed from remitting profits or dividends to the provincial treasury. See: https://www.mpi.mb.ca/en/PDFs/PolicyGuide2017.pdf at p. 6; https://www.sgi.sk.ca/about/index.html; and http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/showversion/cs/S-11.011?code=se:23&pointInTime=20170620#20170620 at Section 23.</ref> These dividends eventually totalled $1.2 billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/government-vows-to-keep-hands-off-icbc-profits-for-at-least-three-years|title=Government vows to keep hands off ICBC dividends for three years|date=2016-11-25|work=Vancouver Sun|access-date=2017-06-22|language=en-US}}</ref> Since ICBC's creation, its responsibilities have expanded to include [[driver's license|driver licensing]], [[vehicle register|vehicle registration]], and various road safety initiatives.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCandless|first=Richard|date=Summer 2013|title=Politics and Public Auto Insurance in British Columbia|journal=BC Studies|volume=178|pages=104–106}}</ref>


By law, any vehicle registered and driven or parked on public streets in British Columbia must be covered by ICBC's basic insurance package, which can be purchased from independent [[insurance broker|brokers]] across the province. This basic coverage, called "Autoplan," includes protection from third party [[legal liability]], under-insured motorist protection, accident benefits, [[hit and run (vehicular)|hit-and-run]] protection, and inverse liability.
By law, any vehicle registered and driven or parked on public streets in British Columbia must be covered by ICBC's basic insurance package, which can be purchased from independent [[insurance broker|brokers]] across the province. This basic coverage, called "Autoplan," includes protection from third party [[legal liability]], under-insured motorist protection, accident benefits, [[hit and run (vehicular)|hit-and-run]] protection, and inverse liability (which provides compensation if a driver is involved in an accident in jurisdictions that forbid drivers from recovering losses incurred from a driver who is at fault in the accident).


== History ==
⚫
When ICBC was established, it initially held a [[monopoly]] on all automobile insurance in the province, but in 1977 its enabling legislation was amended to allow private insurers to compete with it in the market for optional (additional) insurance (including coverage such as extended liability, collision, and comprehensive plans).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ordersdecisions.bcuc.com/bcuc/decisions/en/111674/1/document.do|title=2004 Revenue Requirements Application Decision|last=BC Utilities Commission|date=12 November 2003|page=1}}</ref><ref>McCandless, 102.</ref> ICBC continues to both hold a monopoly on basic insurance and offer optional additional coverage.
⚫
The original purpose of ICBC was to provide universal and affordable compulsory [[public auto insurance]] in British Columbia by operating on a non-profit basis.<ref>Premier Dave Barrett: "Government-owned automobile insurance represents an opportunity for the people of British Columbia who use their automobiles as a utility to have the right to decent automobile insurance protection at no-profit rates." ([https://www.leg.bc.ca/documents-data/debate-transcripts/30th-parliament/2nd-session/30p_02s_730306p#01022 Hansard: 2nd session, 30th Parliament, Afternoon March 6, 1973, p. 1042])</ref><ref>Minister Hanson (the Social Credit minister responsible for ICBC): "The mandate of ICBC, which was established a number of years ago, was to break even… The bottom line is that ICBC is a user-paying, non-profit, break-even corporation. There haven't been great payments to the government out of ICBC. Government has nothing to do with it. It stands on its own. Rates are established for that reason and for actuarial reasons. The bottom line is: break-even and don't end up with a surplus or a deficit." ([https://www.leg.bc.ca/documents-data/debate-transcripts/34th-parliament/2nd-session/34p_02s_880422a Hansard: 2nd Session, 34th Parliament, 22 April 1988])</ref> However, in March 2010, [[Christy Clark]]'s [[British Columbia Liberal Party|BC Liberal]] government announced that it would require ICBC to pay the province dividends totaling some $778 million over three years, thus signaling the end of ICBC's operation as a non-profit Crown corporation, and also making it the only for-profit public auto insurance provider in Canada.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.pressreader.com/canada/times-colonist/20100307/281994668656559|title=Cash grab from ICBC will cost drivers|last=Willcocks|first=Paul|date=March 7, 2010|work=Times Colonist|access-date=June 22, 2017}}</ref><ref>There are three other public auto insurers in Canada: [[Manitoba Public Insurance]], [[Saskatchewan Government Insurance]], and the [[Societé de l'assurance automobile du Québec]]. All three are disallowed from remitting profits or dividends to the provincial treasury. See: https://www.mpi.mb.ca/en/PDFs/PolicyGuide2017.pdf at p. 6; https://www.sgi.sk.ca/about/index.html; and http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/showversion/cs/S-11.011?code=se:23&pointInTime=20170620#20170620 at Section 23.</ref> These dividends eventually totaled $1.2 billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/government-vows-to-keep-hands-off-icbc-profits-for-at-least-three-years|title=Government vows to keep hands off ICBC dividends for three years|date=November 25, 2016|work=Vancouver Sun|access-date=June 22, 2017|language=en-US}}</ref> This was undone by the NDP government after their victory in the [[2017 British Columbia general election|2017 BC provincial election]], who subsequently passed legislation ensuring ICBC's profits remain with the company and cannot be transferred to the provincial government.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-02 |title=ICBC profits should not be used to cover other government costs: NDP |url=https://vancouverisland.ctvnews.ca/icbc-profits-should-not-be-used-to-cover-other-government-costs-ndp-1.4835311?cache=qpcupizl%3FcontactForm%3Dtrue%3FclipId%3D89680 |access-date=2023-10-16 |website=Vancouver Island |language=en}}</ref> Since ICBC's creation, its responsibilities have expanded to include [[driver's license|driver licensing]], [[vehicle register|vehicle registration]], and various road safety initiatives.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCandless|first=Richard|date=Summer 2013|title=Politics and Public Auto Insurance in British Columbia|journal=BC Studies|volume=178|pages=104–106}}</ref>


⚫
When ICBC was established, it initially held a [[monopoly]] on all automobile insurance in the province, but in 1977 its [[enabling legislation]] was amended to allow private insurers to compete with it in the market for optional (supplemental) insurance (including coverage such as extended liability, collision, and comprehensive plans).<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ordersdecisions.bcuc.com/bcuc/decisions/en/111674/1/document.do|title=2004 Revenue Requirements Application Decision|last=BC Utilities Commission|date=November 12, 2003|page=1}}</ref><ref>McCandless, 102.</ref> ICBC continues to both hold a monopoly on basic insurance and offer optional additional coverage.
⚫
Like other insurance companies, ICBC bases its [[Insurance premium|premium]]s on a client's claims history, type of automobile, and [[redlining|geographic location]]. The Corporation's discount plan (called "Roadstar" and "Roadstar Gold") rewards safe drivers with reduced premiums based on the number of years the driver has been free of successful claims against him or her.


=== Recent history ===
⚫
ICBC is governed by a board of directors appointed according to the provisions of the ''Insurance Corporation Act'', ICBC's enabling statute. The board of directors, the CEO, and ICBC management govern ICBC in accordance with corporate governance best practices, and in accordance with the provisions of the enabling legislation, the ''Motor Vehicle Act'', other legislation applicable to ICBC, and directives from the provincial [[Executive Council of British Columbia|Cabinet Committee]]. Proof of insurance is demonstrated, in part, by the application of a decal to the [[Vehicle registration plates of British Columbia|licence plate]].
[[File:ICBC Driver Licensing Centre, Royal Centre (48868127733).jpg|thumb|alt=An ICBC Driver Licensing Centre in Royal Centre, Vancouver|An ICBC Driver Licensing Centre in [[Royal Centre (Vancouver)|Royal Centre]], [[Vancouver]]]]
⚫
On November 23, 2016, the provincial government announced that 'luxury' cars (those worth over $150,000) will no longer be insured by ICBC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.news1130.com/2016/11/23/icbc-will-stop-insuring-high-end-luxury-cars/|title=ICBC will stop insuring high-end luxury cars|date=November 23, 2016|website=NEWS 1130|access-date=January 25, 2017}}</ref> In 2016, there were approximately 3000 cars in this class insured by ICBC; the government claimed that this change would save approximately $2.3 million per year. High-end car dealers have criticized this change, arguing that it would be better to adjust the rates that these car owners pay rather than ignore an entire segment of vehicles on the road.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://vancouversun.com/news/politics/high-end-car-dealers-not-consulted-as-icbc-says-it-will-stop-insuring-expensive-autos|title=High-end car dealers not consulted as ICBC says it will stop insuring expensive autos|date=November 25, 2016|newspaper=Vancouver Sun|language=en-US|access-date=January 25, 2017}}</ref> In 2017 ICBC introduced a modified version of this new system, whereby 'luxury' vehicles could still be insured but would face having to pay higher premiums starting on January 8, 2017. Vehicles in this class may also require an application to "obtain own damage coverage, which includes Collision, Comprehensive, and Specified Perils coverage".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.icbc.com/insurance/products-coverage/Pages/luxury-vehicles.aspx |title=Coverage for luxury vehicles |website=www.icbc.com |access-date=April 19, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918072902/https://www.icbc.com/insurance/products-coverage/Pages/luxury-vehicles.aspx |archive-date=September 18, 2020 |url-status=dead}}</ref>


⚫
In 2019, ICBC overhauled its rate structure for liability insurance by shifting to a private-sector model where drivers in higher risk categories will pay higher premiums.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abbynews.com/news/premier-john-horgan-regrets-big-icbc-rate-hikes-for-young-people/|title=Premier John Horgan regrets big ICBC rate hikes for young people|last=Fletcher|first=Tom|date=October 7, 2019|website=Abbotsford News|language=en-US|access-date=October 8, 2019}}</ref> Then-[[BC Attorney General]] [[David Eby]] condemned the high rates, stressing the need for price reductions for young drivers, while acknowledging that rates are still subsidized.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theprovince.com/news/bc-politics/icbc-sticker-shock-young-drivers-walloped-under-new-rate-system|title=ICBC sticker shock: Young drivers walloped under new rate system|last=Smyth|first=Mike|date=October 7, 2019|website=The Province|access-date=October 8, 2019}}</ref>
⚫
Rates applicable to ICBC's basic automobile insurance coverage are subject to the review of, and are set by, the [[British Columbia Utilities Commission]]. In practice, however, the Cabinet of the provincial government controls ICBC’s rate setting through its power to set target financial outcomes (such as capital reserve ratios and profits), and through its ability to issue Special Directives to the BCUC.<ref>BC Utilities Commission, 4-5.</ref>


In February 2020 the BC provincial government announced that they were switching ICBC from a "litigation based model" to a "[[no-fault insurance|no-fault]]" model.<ref name = "foo">{{cite news |last1=Shaw |first1=Rob |title=B.C. to cut ICBC rates 20 per cent and switch to 'no-fault' insurance |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/live-b-c-to-switch-to-no-fault-auto-insurance-trim-rates-20-per-cent-in-2021 |access-date=April 20, 2022 |work=Vancouver Sun |date=February 6, 2020}}</ref> Under this new model "people involved in vehicle crashes can no longer sue for damages except in cases involving court convictions for offences like [[negligence]], [[street racing]], [[impaired driving]], or in cases of faulty manufacturing, botched repairs and the [[Alcohol server training|over-service of alcohol]] by a business".<ref name = foo/> Instead of suing, people "will receive benefits, payments for medical treatment and compensation directly from ICBC, using amounts set by the province depending on the type of injury".<ref name=foo/> This change is estimated to save ICBC "$2.9 billion in legal fees, pain and suffering and injury claims in 2022". Of the $2.9 billion, $1.2 billion will be "redirected into boosting treatment benefits and quickening response times for claims", and 1.7 billion were to be used to implement the 20% rate cut.<ref name=foo/> In January 2021 the [[British Columbia Utilities Commission]] (BCUC), which regulates ICBC, approved a "a 15 per cent decrease to basic insurance rates", with ICBC stating that "With the introduction of ICBC's new Enhanced Care coverage in May 2021, drivers will save on average 20 per cent on their combined basic and optional vehicle insurance".<ref>{{cite press release |title=BCUC approves ICBC basic rate decrease on interim basis |url=https://www.icbc.com/about-icbc/newsroom/Pages/2021-jan15.aspx |publisher=ICBC |date=January 15, 2021}}</ref>
⚫
Revenue collected by the Corporation goes mostly towards paying insurance benefits and operational costs. The remainder is devoted to fulfilling ICBC’s mandate to promote safe driving (the "RoadSense" campaign), as well as various other [[loss prevention]] strategies.


In February 2021 the BC government announced that BC drivers "will get a one-time cheque averaging $190" due to "An improved financial outlook at ICBC, partially the result of fewer crashes and accident claims during the [[COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia|[COVID-19] pandemic]]".<ref>{{cite news |last1=DeRosa |first1=Katie |title=ICBC customers to get an average $190 rebate after $600 million in savings from fewer crashes |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/icbc-rebate-coming-for-drivers-thanks-to-drop-in-collisions-during-pandemic |access-date=April 20, 2022 |work=Vancouver Sun |date=February 2, 2021}}</ref> A second rebate was announced in July 2021, averaging $120 per policy holder.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Crawford |first1=Tiffany |title=COVID-19: ICBC to issue drivers a second rebate |url=https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/covid-19-icbc-announces-it-will-issue-a-second-rebate-for-drivers |access-date=April 20, 2022 |work=Vancouver Sun |date=June 11, 2021}}</ref>
⚫
On November 23, 2016, the provincial government announced that 'luxury' cars (those worth over $150,000) will no longer be insured by ICBC.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.news1130.com/2016/11/23/icbc-will-stop-insuring-high-end-luxury-cars/|title=ICBC will stop insuring high-end luxury cars|date=2016-11-23|website=NEWS 1130|access-date=2017-01-25}}</ref> In 2016, there were approximately 3000 cars in this class insured by ICBC; the government claimed that this change would save approximately $2.3 million per year. High-end car dealers have criticized this change, arguing that it would be better to adjust the rates that these car owners pay rather than ignore an entire segment of vehicles on the road.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://vancouversun.com/news/politics/high-end-car-dealers-not-consulted-as-icbc-says-it-will-stop-insuring-expensive-autos|title=High-end car dealers not consulted as ICBC says it will stop insuring expensive autos|date=2016-11-25|newspaper=Vancouver Sun|language=en-US|access-date=2017-01-25}}</ref>


In March 2022 the BC government announced that ICBC "will provide a one-time relief rebate of $110 to customers to ease the financial burden of increased gas prices caused by the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]]."<ref name = "gov">{{cite press release |title=ICBC relief rebate coming for drivers |url=https://news.gov.bc.ca/releases/2022PSSG0016-000430 |publisher=Government of British Columbia |date=March 25, 2022}}</ref> The government stated that the funds for the rebates would come from the "net income of $1.9 billion for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2022",<ref name = gov/> with the remainder being "reinvested into ICBC’s capital reserves to ensure rates remain affordable for the long term."<ref name = gov/>
⚫
In 2019, ICBC overhauled its rate structure for liability insurance by shifting to a private-sector model where high-risk categories pay higher premiums.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abbynews.com/news/premier-john-horgan-regrets-big-icbc-rate-hikes-for-young-people/|title=Premier John Horgan regrets big ICBC rate hikes for young people|last=Fletcher|first=Tom|date=2019-10-07|website=Abbotsford News|language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-08}}</ref> Attorney General David Eby has condemned the high rates, stressing the need for price reductions for young drivers, while acknowledging that rates are still subsidized.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://theprovince.com/news/bc-politics/icbc-sticker-shock-young-drivers-walloped-under-new-rate-system|title=ICBC sticker shock: Young drivers walloped under new rate system|last=Smyth|first=Mike|date=2019-10-07|website=The Province|access-date=2019-10-08}}</ref>

In December 2022, the NDP provincial government announced it had filed an application for there to be no basic insurance rate increases for two years with the BC Utilities Commission, marking 5 years of no basic insurance rate increases.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Premier |first=Office of the |date=2022-12-12 |title=ICBC files for no increase to basic insurance rates for two more years {{!}} BC Gov News |url=https://news.gov.bc.ca/releases/2022PREM0067-001883 |access-date=2023-10-16 |website=news.gov.bc.ca |language=en}}</ref>

== Operations ==
=== Governance ===
⚫
ICBC is governed by a board of directors appointed according to the provisions of the ''Insurance Corporation Act'', ICBC's enabling statute. The board of directors, the CEO, and ICBC management govern ICBC in accordance with corporate governance best practices, and in accordance with the provisions of the enabling legislation, the ''Motor Vehicle Act'', other legislation applicable to ICBC, and directives from the provincial [[Executive Council of British Columbia|Cabinet Committee]]. Proof of insurance is demonstrated, in part, by the application of a decal to the [[Vehicle registration plates of British Columbia|licence plate]]. As of May 1, 2022 decals are discontinued and will no longer be issued. This was done as part of the transition to online renewals.

=== Rates and finances ===

⚫
Like other insurance companies, ICBC bases its [[Insurance premium|premium]]s on a client's claims history, type of automobile, geographic location, and years of driving experience. The Corporation assigns each driver a "driver factor" number for each type of insurance offered. This driver factor determines the discount/surcharge the customer pays for each type of insurance, with lower driver factors meaning lower premiums and lower risk.

⚫
Rates applicable to ICBC's basic automobile insurance coverage are subject to the review of, and are set by, the BCUC. In practice, however, the Cabinet of the provincial government controls ICBC's rate setting through its power to set target financial outcomes (such as capital reserve ratios and profits), and through its ability to issue Special Directives to the BCUC.<ref>BC Utilities Commission, 4-5.</ref>

⚫
Revenue collected by the Corporation goes mostly towards paying insurance benefits and operational costs. The remainder is devoted to fulfilling ICBC's mandate to promote safe driving (the "RoadSense" campaign), as well as various other [[loss prevention]] strategies.

ICBC funds services, such as counselling for clients who have been in a car accident or who have had a family member pass due to a car accident.


==See also==
==See also==
Line 45: Line 66:
==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Insurance Corporation of British Columbia}}
{{Commons category|Insurance Corporation of British Columbia}}
*{{official website|https://www.icbc.com/Pages/default.aspx}}
*{{Official website|https://www.icbc.com/Pages/default.aspx}}
*[http://www.qp.gov.bc.ca/statreg/stat/I/96228_01.htm ''The Insurance Corporation Act'', the enabling legislation of ICBC]
*[http://www.qp.gov.bc.ca/statreg/stat/I/96228_01.htm ''The Insurance Corporation Act'', the enabling legislation of ICBC] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051216024839/http://www.qp.gov.bc.ca/statreg/Stat/I/96228_01.htm |date=December 16, 2005 }}


{{British Columbia crown corporations}}
{{British Columbia crown corporations}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Insurance Corporation Of British Columbia}}
[[Category:Financial services companies established in 1973]]
[[Category:Financial services companies established in 1973]]
[[Category:Crown corporations of British Columbia]]
[[Category:Crown corporations of British Columbia]]
[[Category:Motor vehicle registration agencies]]
[[Category:Motor vehicle registration agencies]]
[[Category:Government-owned insurance companies of Canada]]
[[Category:Government-owned insurance companies of Canada]]
[[Category:Financial services companies based in British Columbia]]
[[Category:Auto insurance in Canada]]

Latest revision as of 17:59, 6 April 2024

Insurance Corporation of British Columbia
Company typeCrown corporation
IndustryInsurance
Founded1973; 51 years ago (1973)
Headquarters
North Vancouver, British Columbia
,
Canada
ProductsVehicle insurance
Revenue5.52 Billion CAD (2021) [1]
1.538 Billion CAD (2021) [1]
OwnerGovernment of British Columbia
Number of employees
5,200 [2]
Websiteicbc.com

The Insurance Corporation of British Columbia (ICBC) is a provincial Crown corporation in British Columbia providing vehicle insurance. ICBC was created in 1973 by the NDP government of Premier Dave Barrett.

By law, any vehicle registered and driven or parked on public streets in British Columbia must be covered by ICBC's basic insurance package, which can be purchased from independent brokers across the province. This basic coverage, called "Autoplan," includes protection from third party legal liability, under-insured motorist protection, accident benefits, hit-and-run protection, and inverse liability (which provides compensation if a driver is involved in an accident in jurisdictions that forbid drivers from recovering losses incurred from a driver who is at fault in the accident).

History[edit]

The original purpose of ICBC was to provide universal and affordable compulsory public auto insurance in British Columbia by operating on a non-profit basis.[3][4] However, in March 2010, Christy Clark's BC Liberal government announced that it would require ICBC to pay the province dividends totaling some $778 million over three years, thus signaling the end of ICBC's operation as a non-profit Crown corporation, and also making it the only for-profit public auto insurance provider in Canada.[5][6] These dividends eventually totaled $1.2 billion.[7] This was undone by the NDP government after their victory in the 2017 BC provincial election, who subsequently passed legislation ensuring ICBC's profits remain with the company and cannot be transferred to the provincial government.[8] Since ICBC's creation, its responsibilities have expanded to include driver licensing, vehicle registration, and various road safety initiatives.[9]

When ICBC was established, it initially held a monopoly on all automobile insurance in the province, but in 1977 its enabling legislation was amended to allow private insurers to compete with it in the market for optional (supplemental) insurance (including coverage such as extended liability, collision, and comprehensive plans).[10][11] ICBC continues to both hold a monopoly on basic insurance and offer optional additional coverage.

Recent history[edit]

An ICBC Driver Licensing Centre in Royal Centre, Vancouver
An ICBC Driver Licensing Centre in Royal Centre, Vancouver

On November 23, 2016, the provincial government announced that 'luxury' cars (those worth over $150,000) will no longer be insured by ICBC.[12] In 2016, there were approximately 3000 cars in this class insured by ICBC; the government claimed that this change would save approximately $2.3 million per year. High-end car dealers have criticized this change, arguing that it would be better to adjust the rates that these car owners pay rather than ignore an entire segment of vehicles on the road.[13] In 2017 ICBC introduced a modified version of this new system, whereby 'luxury' vehicles could still be insured but would face having to pay higher premiums starting on January 8, 2017. Vehicles in this class may also require an application to "obtain own damage coverage, which includes Collision, Comprehensive, and Specified Perils coverage".[14]

In 2019, ICBC overhauled its rate structure for liability insurance by shifting to a private-sector model where drivers in higher risk categories will pay higher premiums.[15] Then-BC Attorney General David Eby condemned the high rates, stressing the need for price reductions for young drivers, while acknowledging that rates are still subsidized.[16]

In February 2020 the BC provincial government announced that they were switching ICBC from a "litigation based model" to a "no-fault" model.[17] Under this new model "people involved in vehicle crashes can no longer sue for damages except in cases involving court convictions for offences like negligence, street racing, impaired driving, or in cases of faulty manufacturing, botched repairs and the over-service of alcohol by a business".[17] Instead of suing, people "will receive benefits, payments for medical treatment and compensation directly from ICBC, using amounts set by the province depending on the type of injury".[17] This change is estimated to save ICBC "$2.9 billion in legal fees, pain and suffering and injury claims in 2022". Of the $2.9 billion, $1.2 billion will be "redirected into boosting treatment benefits and quickening response times for claims", and 1.7 billion were to be used to implement the 20% rate cut.[17] In January 2021 the British Columbia Utilities Commission (BCUC), which regulates ICBC, approved a "a 15 per cent decrease to basic insurance rates", with ICBC stating that "With the introduction of ICBC's new Enhanced Care coverage in May 2021, drivers will save on average 20 per cent on their combined basic and optional vehicle insurance".[18]

In February 2021 the BC government announced that BC drivers "will get a one-time cheque averaging $190" due to "An improved financial outlook at ICBC, partially the result of fewer crashes and accident claims during the [COVID-19] pandemic".[19] A second rebate was announced in July 2021, averaging $120 per policy holder.[20]

In March 2022 the BC government announced that ICBC "will provide a one-time relief rebate of $110 to customers to ease the financial burden of increased gas prices caused by the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine."[21] The government stated that the funds for the rebates would come from the "net income of $1.9 billion for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2022",[21] with the remainder being "reinvested into ICBC’s capital reserves to ensure rates remain affordable for the long term."[21]

In December 2022, the NDP provincial government announced it had filed an application for there to be no basic insurance rate increases for two years with the BC Utilities Commission, marking 5 years of no basic insurance rate increases.[22]

Operations[edit]

Governance[edit]

ICBC is governed by a board of directors appointed according to the provisions of the Insurance Corporation Act, ICBC's enabling statute. The board of directors, the CEO, and ICBC management govern ICBC in accordance with corporate governance best practices, and in accordance with the provisions of the enabling legislation, the Motor Vehicle Act, other legislation applicable to ICBC, and directives from the provincial Cabinet Committee. Proof of insurance is demonstrated, in part, by the application of a decal to the licence plate. As of May 1, 2022 decals are discontinued and will no longer be issued. This was done as part of the transition to online renewals.

Rates and finances[edit]

Like other insurance companies, ICBC bases its premiums on a client's claims history, type of automobile, geographic location, and years of driving experience. The Corporation assigns each driver a "driver factor" number for each type of insurance offered. This driver factor determines the discount/surcharge the customer pays for each type of insurance, with lower driver factors meaning lower premiums and lower risk.

Rates applicable to ICBC's basic automobile insurance coverage are subject to the review of, and are set by, the BCUC. In practice, however, the Cabinet of the provincial government controls ICBC's rate setting through its power to set target financial outcomes (such as capital reserve ratios and profits), and through its ability to issue Special Directives to the BCUC.[23]

Revenue collected by the Corporation goes mostly towards paying insurance benefits and operational costs. The remainder is devoted to fulfilling ICBC's mandate to promote safe driving (the "RoadSense" campaign), as well as various other loss prevention strategies.

ICBC funds services, such as counselling for clients who have been in a car accident or who have had a family member pass due to a car accident.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Insurance Corporation of British Columbia 2020/21 ANNUAL SERVICE PLAN REPORT (Report).
  2. ^ ICBC 2010 Annual Report (PDF) (Report). Retrieved November 12, 2011.
  3. ^ Premier Dave Barrett: "Government-owned automobile insurance represents an opportunity for the people of British Columbia who use their automobiles as a utility to have the right to decent automobile insurance protection at no-profit rates." (Hansard: 2nd session, 30th Parliament, Afternoon March 6, 1973, p. 1042)
  4. ^ Minister Hanson (the Social Credit minister responsible for ICBC): "The mandate of ICBC, which was established a number of years ago, was to break even… The bottom line is that ICBC is a user-paying, non-profit, break-even corporation. There haven't been great payments to the government out of ICBC. Government has nothing to do with it. It stands on its own. Rates are established for that reason and for actuarial reasons. The bottom line is: break-even and don't end up with a surplus or a deficit." (Hansard: 2nd Session, 34th Parliament, 22 April 1988)
  5. ^ Willcocks, Paul (March 7, 2010). "Cash grab from ICBC will cost drivers". Times Colonist. Retrieved June 22, 2017.
  6. ^ There are three other public auto insurers in Canada: Manitoba Public Insurance, Saskatchewan Government Insurance, and the Societé de l'assurance automobile du Québec. All three are disallowed from remitting profits or dividends to the provincial treasury. See: https://www.mpi.mb.ca/en/PDFs/PolicyGuide2017.pdf at p. 6; https://www.sgi.sk.ca/about/index.html; and http://legisquebec.gouv.qc.ca/en/showversion/cs/S-11.011?code=se:23&pointInTime=20170620#20170620 at Section 23.
  7. ^ "Government vows to keep hands off ICBC dividends for three years". Vancouver Sun. November 25, 2016. Retrieved June 22, 2017.
  8. ^ "ICBC profits should not be used to cover other government costs: NDP". Vancouver Island. March 2, 2020. Retrieved October 16, 2023.
  9. ^ McCandless, Richard (Summer 2013). "Politics and Public Auto Insurance in British Columbia". BC Studies. 178: 104–106.
  10. ^ BC Utilities Commission (November 12, 2003). "2004 Revenue Requirements Application Decision". p. 1.
  11. ^ McCandless, 102.
  12. ^ "ICBC will stop insuring high-end luxury cars". NEWS 1130. November 23, 2016. Retrieved January 25, 2017.
  13. ^ "High-end car dealers not consulted as ICBC says it will stop insuring expensive autos". Vancouver Sun. November 25, 2016. Retrieved January 25, 2017.
  14. ^ "Coverage for luxury vehicles". www.icbc.com. Archived from the original on September 18, 2020. Retrieved April 19, 2022.
  15. ^ Fletcher, Tom (October 7, 2019). "Premier John Horgan regrets big ICBC rate hikes for young people". Abbotsford News. Retrieved October 8, 2019.
  16. ^ Smyth, Mike (October 7, 2019). "ICBC sticker shock: Young drivers walloped under new rate system". The Province. Retrieved October 8, 2019.
  17. ^ a b c d Shaw, Rob (February 6, 2020). "B.C. to cut ICBC rates 20 per cent and switch to 'no-fault' insurance". Vancouver Sun. Retrieved April 20, 2022.
  18. ^ "BCUC approves ICBC basic rate decrease on interim basis" (Press release). ICBC. January 15, 2021.
  19. ^ DeRosa, Katie (February 2, 2021). "ICBC customers to get an average $190 rebate after $600 million in savings from fewer crashes". Vancouver Sun. Retrieved April 20, 2022.
  20. ^ Crawford, Tiffany (June 11, 2021). "COVID-19: ICBC to issue drivers a second rebate". Vancouver Sun. Retrieved April 20, 2022.
  21. ^ a b c "ICBC relief rebate coming for drivers" (Press release). Government of British Columbia. March 25, 2022.
  22. ^ Premier, Office of the (December 12, 2022). "ICBC files for no increase to basic insurance rates for two more years | BC Gov News". news.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved October 16, 2023.
  23. ^ BC Utilities Commission, 4-5.

External links[edit]

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