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{{Short description|Hungarian-American physician and chemist (1819–1881)}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Joseph Goldmark
| name = Joseph Goldmark
| image = <!--(as myimage.jpg, no 'File:')-->
| image = Josef Goldmark Litho.jpg<!--(as myimage.jpg, no 'File:')-->
| image_size =
| image_size =
| alt =
| alt =
| caption =
| caption = Joseph Goldmark. Lithograph by [[Eduard Kaiser]], 1848
|birth_name=Joseph Jacob Goldmark
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1819|8|15}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1819|8|15|df=yes}}
| birth_place = [[Krzyż Wielkopolski|Kreuz]], [[Congress Poland]], [[Russian Empire]]
| birth_place = [[Németkeresztúr]], [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1881|4|18|1819|8|15}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1881|4|18|1819|8|15|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Brooklyn, New York]]
| death_place = [[Brooklyn, New York]]
| nationality = [[United States|American]]
| nationality = [[United States|American]]
Line 15: Line 17:
| doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_advisor =
| academic_advisors = [[Anton Schrötter von Kristelli]]
| academic_advisors = [[Anton Schrötter von Kristelli]]
| doctoral_students =
| notable_students =
| known_for = Discovery of [[red phosphorus]]
| known_for = Discovery of [[red phosphorus]]
| awards =
| awards =
| spouse = {{Marriage|Regina Wehle|1856}}
| spouse = {{Marriage|Regina Wehle|1856}}
| children = Helen Goldmark<br>Pauline Goldmark<br>Alice Goldmark<br>[[Josephine Clara Goldmark|Josephine Goldmark]] (1871–1950)
| children = Helen Goldmark<br>Pauline Goldmark<br>[[Louis Brandeis|Alice Goldmark]]<br>[[Josephine Clara Goldmark|Josephine Goldmark]] (1871–1950)
}}
}}


'''Joseph Jacob Goldmark''' (August 15, 1819 – April 18, 1881) was an [[Hungarian American]] [[physician]] and [[chemist]], credited with the discovery of [[red phosphorus]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Koren |first=Nathan |year=1973 |title=Jewish Physicians: A Biographical Index |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |location=New York |isbn=0706512693 |page=182 }}</ref>
'''Joseph Jacob Goldmark''' (15 August 1819 – 18 April 1881) was a [[Hungarian American]] [[physician]] and [[chemist]], credited with the discovery of [[red phosphorus]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Koren |first=Nathan |year=1973 |title=Jewish Physicians: A Biographical Index |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |location=New York |isbn=0706512693 |page=182 }}</ref>


==Life and career==
⚫
Born in Kreuz, a small town in Hungary, Goldmark entered the [[University of Vienna]] at age 16, studying [[medicine]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Krause |first=O. |title=Obituary: Joseph Goldmark |journal=[[Journal of the American Chemical Society|J. Am. Chem. Soc.]] |year=1882 |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=7–9 |doi=10.1021/ja02154a601 }}</ref> He developed an interest in [[chemistry]] under the influence of [[Anton Schrötter von Kristelli]]. Both are credited with the discovery of [[red phosphorus]], which Goldmark presented to the Convention of Hungarian Physicians and Naturalists.
{{moresources|section|date=November 2017}}
⚫
Born in [[Németkeresztúr]], [[Austrian Empire]] to a Jewish family of 18 children, Goldmark entered the [[University of Vienna]] at age 16, studying [[medicine]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Krause |first=O. |title=Obituary: Joseph Goldmark |journal=[[Journal of the American Chemical Society|J. Am. Chem. Soc.]] |year=1882 |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=7–9 |doi=10.1021/ja02154a601 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1428971 }}</ref>


He developed an interest in [[chemistry]] under the influence of [[Anton Schrötter von Kristelli]]. Both are credited with the discovery of [[red phosphorus]], which Goldmark presented to the Convention of Hungarian Physicians and Naturalists.
⚫
A revolutionist in his youth, Goldmark took part as a leader in the [[Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire|Revolution of 1848]], along with [[Adolf Fischhof]], fighting for Jewish emancipation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ohio.edu/chastain/ip/jewemanc.htm |title=Jewish Emancipation |date=October 20, 2004 |work=Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions |first=James |last=Chastain }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Graetz |first=Michael |year= |chapter=Adolf Fischhof – Ein jüdischer Akademiker an der Spitze der Revolution von 1848 |title=Zwischen Wissenschaft und Politik: Studien zur deutschen Universitätsgeschichte |editor-first=Armin |editor-last=Kohnle |editor2-first=Frank |editor2-last=Engehausen |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |year=2001 |isbn=3515075461 |pages=296–308 }} {{de icon}}</ref> When the revolution was stamped down, Goldmark was sentenced to death but managed to escape to the [[United States]] and settle in [[New York City]]. While developing the Brooklyn factory of Goldmark and Conried, he continued to be active in politics during the rest of his life. He amassed a great deal of property to leave to his large family, which included daughters Helen (wife of [[Felix Adler (professor)|Felix Adler]]), Pauline, and Alice (wife of [[Louis Brandeis]]), and [[Josephine Clara Goldmark|Josephine]].


⚫
A revolutionist in his youth, Goldmark took part as a leader in the [[Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire|Revolution of 1848]], along with [[Adolf Fischhof]], fighting for Jewish emancipation.<ref>{{cite book |last=Graetz |first=Michael |chapter=Adolf Fischhof – Ein jüdischer Akademiker an der Spitze der Revolution von 1848 |title=Zwischen Wissenschaft und Politik: Studien zur deutschen Universitätsgeschichte |editor-first=Armin |editor-last=Kohnle |editor2-first=Frank |editor2-last=Engehausen |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |year=2001 |isbn=3515075461|language=German |pages=296–308 }}</ref>
⚫
Goldmark's brother [[Karl Goldmark]] was a composer and music teacher in Vienna.


When the revolution was stamped down, Goldmark was sentenced to death but managed to escape to the [[United States]] and settle in [[New York City]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.ohio.edu/chastain/ip/jewemanc.htm |title=Jewish Emancipation |date=20 October 2004 |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions |first=James |last=Chastain }}</ref>
⚫
== References ==

While developing the Brooklyn factory of Goldmark and Conried, he continued to be active in politics during the rest of his life. He amassed a great deal of property to leave to his large family, which included daughters Helen (wife of [[Felix Adler (professor)|Felix Adler]]), [[Pauline Goldmark|Pauline]], and Alice (wife of [[Louis Brandeis]]),<ref>{{cite book |last=Urofsky |first=Melvin |title=Louis D. Brandeis: A Life |publisher=Random House |year=2009 |isbn=978-0307378583 |pages=105–106 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/brandeis-alice-goldmark|title=Biography of Alice Goldmark-Brandeis|accessdate=24 June 2013|last=Medoff|first=Rafael}}</ref> and [[Josephine Clara Goldmark|Josephine]].

⚫
Goldmark's brother [[Karl Goldmark]] was a composer and music teacher in Vienna.{{cn|date=November 2017}}

⚫
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Authority control |VIAF=84633600 |GND=116755199 |LCCN= }}
{{Authority control}}

{{Persondata
| NAME = Goldmark, Joseph
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Hungarian-American physician, chemist
| DATE OF BIRTH = August 15, 1819
| PLACE OF BIRTH = Kreuz, Congress Poland, Russian Empire
| DATE OF DEATH = April 18, 1881
| PLACE OF DEATH = Brooklyn, New York, USA
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Goldmark, Joseph}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Goldmark, Joseph}}
[[Category:1819 births]]
[[Category:1819 births]]
[[Category:1881 deaths]]
[[Category:1881 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Oberpullendorf District]]
[[Category:Scientists from the Austrian Empire]]
[[Category:Emigrants from the Austrian Empire to the United States]]
[[Category:Hungarian Jews]]
[[Category:Hungarian Jews]]
[[Category:American physicians]]
[[Category:Members of the Imperial Diet (Austria)]]
[[Category:Forty-Eighters]]
[[Category:Hungarian chemists]]

Latest revision as of 11:39, 23 March 2024

Joseph Goldmark
Joseph Goldmark. Lithograph by Eduard Kaiser, 1848
Born
Joseph Jacob Goldmark

(1819-08-15)15 August 1819
Németkeresztúr, Austro-Hungarian Empire
Died18 April 1881(1881-04-18) (aged 61)
Brooklyn, New York
NationalityAmerican
Alma materUniversity of Vienna
Known forDiscovery of red phosphorus
Spouse
Regina Wehle
​
(m. 1856)​
ChildrenHelen Goldmark
Pauline Goldmark
Alice Goldmark
Josephine Goldmark (1871–1950)
Scientific career
FieldsMedicine, chemistry
Academic advisorsAnton Schrötter von Kristelli

Joseph Jacob Goldmark (15 August 1819 – 18 April 1881) was a Hungarian American physician and chemist, credited with the discovery of red phosphorus.[1]

Life and career[edit]

Born in Németkeresztúr, Austrian Empire to a Jewish family of 18 children, Goldmark entered the University of Vienna at age 16, studying medicine.[2]

He developed an interest in chemistry under the influence of Anton Schrötter von Kristelli. Both are credited with the discovery of red phosphorus, which Goldmark presented to the Convention of Hungarian Physicians and Naturalists.

A revolutionist in his youth, Goldmark took part as a leader in the Revolution of 1848, along with Adolf Fischhof, fighting for Jewish emancipation.[3]

When the revolution was stamped down, Goldmark was sentenced to death but managed to escape to the United States and settle in New York City.[4]

While developing the Brooklyn factory of Goldmark and Conried, he continued to be active in politics during the rest of his life. He amassed a great deal of property to leave to his large family, which included daughters Helen (wife of Felix Adler), Pauline, and Alice (wife of Louis Brandeis),[5][6] and Josephine.

Goldmark's brother Karl Goldmark was a composer and music teacher in Vienna.[citation needed]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Koren, Nathan (1973). Jewish Physicians: A Biographical Index. New York: John Wiley & Sons. p. 182. ISBN 0706512693.
  2. ^ Krause, O. (1882). "Obituary: Joseph Goldmark". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 4 (1): 7–9. doi:10.1021/ja02154a601.
  3. ^ Graetz, Michael (2001). "Adolf Fischhof – Ein jüdischer Akademiker an der Spitze der Revolution von 1848". In Kohnle, Armin; Engehausen, Frank (eds.). Zwischen Wissenschaft und Politik: Studien zur deutschen Universitätsgeschichte (in German). Franz Steiner Verlag. pp. 296–308. ISBN 3515075461.
  4. ^ Chastain, James (20 October 2004). "Jewish Emancipation". Encyclopedia of 1848 Revolutions.
  5. ^ Urofsky, Melvin (2009). Louis D. Brandeis: A Life. Random House. pp. 105–106. ISBN 978-0307378583.
  6. ^ Medoff, Rafael. "Biography of Alice Goldmark-Brandeis". Retrieved 24 June 2013.
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