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{{Short description|Hungarian Roman Catholic cardinal}}
[[Image:Jusztinián Cardinal Serédi, archbishop of Esztergom.jpg|thumb|right]]{{infobox cardinalstyles|
{{Infobox Christian leader
cardinal name=Jusztinian György Seredi|
| type = Cardinal
| honorific-prefix = His Eminence
| name = Jusztinián György Serédi
| honorific-suffix = O.S.B.
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| title = [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]], [[Archdiocese of Esztergom|Archbishop of Esztergom]]<br>[[Primate (bishop)|Primate of Hungary]]
| image = Jusztinián Cardinal Serédi, archbishop of Esztergom.jpg
| image_size = 230px
| alt =
| caption =
| church = [[Roman Catholic]]
| archdiocese = [[Archdiocese of Esztergom|Esztergom]]
| province =
| metropolis =
| diocese =
| see =
| elected =
| appointed = 30 November 1927
| term = 1928-1945
| term_start =
| quashed =
| term_end = 29 March 1945
| predecessor = [[János Csernoch]]
| opposed =
| successor = [[József Mindszenty]]
| other_post = Cardinal-Priest of Santi Andrea e Gregorio al Monte Celio
<!---------- Orders
The Orders section may be omitted in favour of Template:Ordination for those
clergy claiming Apostolic succession, such as Catholics, Orthodox and Anglicans. ---------->
| ordination = 14 July 1908
| ordained_by =
| consecration = 8 January 1928
| consecrated_by = [[Pius XI]]
| cardinal = 19 December 1927
| created_cardinal_by = [[Pius XI]]
| rank = Cardinal-Priest
<!---------- Personal details ---------->
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1884|04|23}}
| birth_place = Deáki, [[Austria-Hungary]] ''<small>(Present-day [[Diakovce]], [[Slovakia]])</small>''
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1945|03|29|1884|04|23}}
| death_place = [[Esztergom]], [[Kingdom of Hungary]]
| buried = [[Esztergom Basilica]]
| nationality = [[Hungarian people|Hungarian]]
| religion =
| residence =
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| children =
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| signature_alt =
| coat_of_arms = COA cardinal HU Seredi Jusztinian Gyorgy.png
| coat_of_arms_alt =
<!---------- Sainthood ---------->
| feast_day =
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{{infobox cardinalstyles|
cardinal name=Jusztinián György Serédi|
dipstyle=His Eminence|
dipstyle=His Eminence|
offstyle=Your Eminence|
offstyle=Your Eminence|
See=Esztergom|}}
See=Esztergom|}}
'''Jusztinián György Serédi''' [[Order of Saint Benedict|OSB]] (23 April 1884 – 29 March 1945) was a [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] and [[Archdiocese of Esztergom|Archbishop of Esztergom]] and [[Primate (religion)|Prince Primate of Hungary]].
'''Jusztinián György Serédi''' [[Order of Saint Benedict|OSB]] (23 April 1884 – 29 March 1945) was a [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]] and [[Archdiocese of Esztergom|Archbishop of Esztergom]] and [[Primate (bishop)|Prince Primate of Hungary]]. He helped save many thousands of Polish refugees, including thousands of Polish Jews, by helping [[Henryk Sławik]] and his associates, like [[József Antall Senior]].


Jusztinián György Serédi was born in [[Deáki]], [[Hungary]] (now [[Diakovce]], [[Slovakia]]). He joined the [[Order of Saint Benedict]] on 6 August 1901, [[Pannonhalma Archabbey|Pannonhalma]]. He was professed on July 10, 1905. He was ordained on 14 July 1908. He was a member of the community of the [[abbey]] of Pannonhalma and faculty member of the International College S. Anselmo, [[Rome]]. He was pro[[curator]] general of his order in Rome.
Jusztinián György Serédi was born in [[Deáki]], [[Hungary]] (now [[Diakovce]], [[Slovakia]]). He joined the [[Order of Saint Benedict]] on 6 August 1901, [[Pannonhalma Archabbey|Pannonhalma]]. He was professed on July 10, 1905. He was ordained on 14 July 1908. He was a member of the community of the [[abbey]] of Pannonhalma and faculty member of the International College S. Anselmo, [[Rome]]. He was procurator general of his order in Rome.


==Episcopate==
==Episcopate==
[[Pope Pius XI]] appointed him [[Archbishop]] of [[Esztergom]] on 30 November 1927. He was [[consecrated]] on 8 January 1928 in the [[Sistine chapel]] by Pope Pius.
[[Pope Pius XI]] appointed him [[Archbishop]] of [[Esztergom]] on 30 November 1927. He was [[consecrated]] on 8 January 1928 in the [[Sistine chapel]] by Pope Pius XI.


==Cardinalate==
==Cardinalate==
He was created and proclaimed [[Cardinal-Priest]] of ''[[Ss. Andrea e Gregorio al Monte Celio]]'' in the [[consistory]] of December 19, 1927. He was a senator in the parliament of Hungary by his own right. He participated in the [[Papal conclave, 1939|conclave of 1939]] that elected [[Pope Pius XII]]. He died in 1945 while still in office.
He was made [[Cardinal-Priest]] of [[Ss. Andrea e Gregorio al Monte Celio]] in the [[Papal consistory|consistory]] of December 19, 1927. He was a senator in the parliament of Hungary by his own right. He participated in the [[Papal conclave, 1939|conclave of 1939]] that elected [[Pope Pius XII]]. He died in [[Esztergom]] in 1945 while still in office.


==1930s-1940s==
==1930s-1940s==
In 1934 Serédi issued a statement saying no Catholic priest could support the principles of Nazism.{{fact|date=May 2013}} He served in Hungary's Upper Chamber of Parliament and voted in favour of antisemitic legislation first passed in 1938. <ref> Michael Phayer, ''The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930-1965'', p.13</ref> In 1938 Serédi hosted an Ecumenical Congress along with the future [[Pius XII]].<ref>{{cite news
He served in Hungary's Upper Chamber of Parliament and voted in favour of antisemitic legislation first passed in 1938.<ref>Michael Phayer, ''The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930-1965'', p.13</ref> In 1938 Serédi hosted an Ecumenical Congress along with the future [[Pius XII]].<ref>{{cite news
|author=
|author=
|title=Eucharist in Budapest
|title=Eucharist in Budapest
Line 21: Line 100:
|work=[[Time Magazine]]
|work=[[Time Magazine]]
|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,771110,00.html
|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,771110,00.html
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100826102312/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,771110,00.html
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=August 26, 2010
|accessdate=2008-08-10
|accessdate=2008-08-10
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
In 1939, after the September [[Invasion of Poland]] by Germany, at least 150,000 Polish refugees, both civilians and military, found sanctuary in Hungary, and the refugees included thousands of Polish Jews. Responding to the crisis, cardinal Serédi helped organize service for the refugees, ordering Hungarian Church officials to get actively involved in the religious and charitable services in the Polish refugee camps, among others he was instrumental in organizing a school and foster home for the Jewish children, eventually saved through the efforts of Henryk Sławik and his Polish and Hungarian associates. He is said to have quoted 1 John 4:18 "timor non est in caritate sed perfecta caritas foras mittit timorem quoniam timor poenam habet qui autem timet non est perfectus in caritate," when referring to his Polish and Jewish wards.
In the spring of 1944 he issued a statement condemning the attacks on, discrimination against and deportation of the Jews on racial grounds.<ref>[http://www.catholiceducation.org/articles/facts/fm0015.html Goldhagen v. Pius XII<!-- bot-generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015110012/http://www.catholiceducation.org/articles/facts/fm0015.html|date=2013-10-15}} at www.catholiceducation.org</ref> Serédi also worked to try to get Catholic Jews exempted from deportation and death, but was only able to get the rule to apply to those who were priests, monks or nuns.<ref>Bartov, Omer. ''In God's Name: Genocide and Religion in the Twentieth Century''. p. 233-234</ref> In April 1944 Serédi protested the treatment of Jews by the Nazis in Hungary.<ref>"Cardinal Appeals for Jews" in ''New York Times'', April 27th, 1944, p. 5</ref> On the other hand, he did not make any public condemnation available to Catholics inside Hungary against the deportation of the Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz.{{Citation needed|date=May 2013}} On June 29, 1944, he decided against issuing a pastoral letter clarifying the view of the church on this issue.{{Citation needed|date=May 2013}}


Serédi's leading the Hungarian church in opposition to the attack on the Jews{{citation needed|date=May 2013}} led to the arrest of two bishops and several priests and nuns. One of the bishops arrested by the Nazis was [[József Mindszenty]].<ref>[http://www.losangelesmission.com/ed/articles/2003/0603mm.htm Los Angeles Lay Catholic Mission | June 2003 | Articles | It Was Cold, by Martin Mazloom<!-- bot-generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080621160410/http://www.losangelesmission.com/ed/articles/2003/0603mm.htm|date=2008-06-21}} at www.losangelesmission.com</ref> He considered the inauguration of [[Ferenc Szálasi]] illegal and refused to participate on his oath taking as the "Leader of the Nation".
In the spring of 1944 he issued a statement condemning the attacks on, discrimination against and deportation of the Jews on racial grounds.<ref>[http://www.catholiceducation.org/articles/facts/fm0015.html Goldhagen v. Pius XII<!-- bot-generated title -->] at www.catholiceducation.org</ref> Serédi also worked to try to get Catholic Jews exempted from deportation and death, but was only able to get the rule to apply to those who were priests, monks or nuns.<ref>Bartov, Omer. ''In God's Name: Genocide and Religion in the Twentieth Century''. p. 233-234</ref> In April 1944 Serédi protested the treatment of Jews by the Nazis in Hungary.<ref>"Cardinal Appeals for Jews" in ''New York Times'', April 27th, 1944, p. 5</ref> On the other hand, he did not make any public condemnation available to Catholics inside Hungary against the deportation of the Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz.{{CN|date=May 2013}} On June 29, 1944, he decided against issuing a pastoral letter clarifying the view of the church on this issue.{{CN|date=May 2013}}

Serédi's leading the Hungarian church in opposition to the attack on the Jews{{fact|date=May 2013}} led to the arrest of two bishops and several priests and nuns. One of the bishops arrested by the Nazis was [[József Mindszenty]].<ref>[http://www.losangelesmission.com/ed/articles/2003/0603mm.htm Los Angeles Lay Catholic Mission | June 2003 | Articles | It Was Cold, by Martin Mazloom<!-- bot-generated title -->] at www.losangelesmission.com</ref>


==Sources==
==Sources==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{start box}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{succession box |
{{succession box |
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after=[[József Mindszenty]] |
after=[[József Mindszenty]] |
years=30 November 1927 – 29 March 1945}}
years=30 November 1927 – 29 March 1945}}
{{end box}}
{{s-end}}


{{Subject bar |portal1= Biography |portal2= Catholicism |portal3= Hungary}}
{{Authority control|VIAF=29603351}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] -->
| NAME =Seredi, Jusztinian Gyorgy
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Catholic cardinal
| DATE OF BIRTH = 23 April 1884
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 29 March 1945
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Seredi, Jusztinian Gyorgy}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Seredi, Jusztinian Gyorgy}}
[[Category:1884 births]]
[[Category:1884 births]]
[[Category:1945 deaths]]
[[Category:1945 deaths]]
[[Category:Hungarian cardinals]]
[[Category:20th-century Hungarian cardinals]]
[[Category:Hungarian Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Archbishops of Esztergom]]
[[Category:Archbishops of Esztergom]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops]]
[[Category:Burials at Esztergom Basilica]]
[[Category:Burials at Esztergom Basilica]]
[[Category:Hungarian Benedictines]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary]]
[[Category:Benedictine cardinals]]

Latest revision as of 18:00, 25 March 2024

His Eminence

Jusztinián György Serédi

O.S.B.
Cardinal, Archbishop of Esztergom
Primate of Hungary
ChurchRoman Catholic
ArchdioceseEsztergom
Appointed30 November 1927
In office1928-1945
PredecessorJános Csernoch
SuccessorJózsef Mindszenty
Other post(s)Cardinal-Priest of Santi Andrea e Gregorio al Monte Celio
Orders
Ordination14 July 1908
Consecration8 January 1928
by Pius XI
Created cardinal19 December 1927
by Pius XI
RankCardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born(1884-04-23)April 23, 1884
Deáki, Austria-Hungary (Present-day Diakovce, Slovakia)
DiedMarch 29, 1945(1945-03-29) (aged 60)
Esztergom, Kingdom of Hungary
BuriedEsztergom Basilica
NationalityHungarian
Coat of armsJusztinián György Serédi's coat of arms
Styles of
Jusztinián György Serédi
Reference styleHis Eminence
Spoken styleYour Eminence
Informal styleCardinal
SeeEsztergom

Jusztinián György Serédi OSB (23 April 1884 – 29 March 1945) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Archbishop of Esztergom and Prince Primate of Hungary. He helped save many thousands of Polish refugees, including thousands of Polish Jews, by helping Henryk Sławik and his associates, like József Antall Senior.

Jusztinián György Serédi was born in Deáki, Hungary (now Diakovce, Slovakia). He joined the Order of Saint Benedict on 6 August 1901, Pannonhalma. He was professed on July 10, 1905. He was ordained on 14 July 1908. He was a member of the community of the abbey of Pannonhalma and faculty member of the International College S. Anselmo, Rome. He was procurator general of his order in Rome.

Episcopate[edit]

Pope Pius XI appointed him Archbishop of Esztergom on 30 November 1927. He was consecrated on 8 January 1928 in the Sistine chapel by Pope Pius XI.

Cardinalate[edit]

He was made Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Andrea e Gregorio al Monte Celio in the consistory of December 19, 1927. He was a senator in the parliament of Hungary by his own right. He participated in the conclave of 1939 that elected Pope Pius XII. He died in Esztergom in 1945 while still in office.

1930s-1940s[edit]

He served in Hungary's Upper Chamber of Parliament and voted in favour of antisemitic legislation first passed in 1938.[1] In 1938 Serédi hosted an Ecumenical Congress along with the future Pius XII.[2] In 1939, after the September Invasion of Poland by Germany, at least 150,000 Polish refugees, both civilians and military, found sanctuary in Hungary, and the refugees included thousands of Polish Jews. Responding to the crisis, cardinal Serédi helped organize service for the refugees, ordering Hungarian Church officials to get actively involved in the religious and charitable services in the Polish refugee camps, among others he was instrumental in organizing a school and foster home for the Jewish children, eventually saved through the efforts of Henryk Sławik and his Polish and Hungarian associates. He is said to have quoted 1 John 4:18 "timor non est in caritate sed perfecta caritas foras mittit timorem quoniam timor poenam habet qui autem timet non est perfectus in caritate," when referring to his Polish and Jewish wards. In the spring of 1944 he issued a statement condemning the attacks on, discrimination against and deportation of the Jews on racial grounds.[3] Serédi also worked to try to get Catholic Jews exempted from deportation and death, but was only able to get the rule to apply to those who were priests, monks or nuns.[4] In April 1944 Serédi protested the treatment of Jews by the Nazis in Hungary.[5] On the other hand, he did not make any public condemnation available to Catholics inside Hungary against the deportation of the Hungarian Jews to Auschwitz.[citation needed] On June 29, 1944, he decided against issuing a pastoral letter clarifying the view of the church on this issue.[citation needed]

Serédi's leading the Hungarian church in opposition to the attack on the Jews[citation needed] led to the arrest of two bishops and several priests and nuns. One of the bishops arrested by the Nazis was József Mindszenty.[6] He considered the inauguration of Ferenc Szálasi illegal and refused to participate on his oath taking as the "Leader of the Nation".

Sources[edit]

  1. ^ Michael Phayer, The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930-1965, p.13
  2. ^ "Eucharist in Budapest". Time Magazine. 1938-06-06. Archived from the original on August 26, 2010. Retrieved 2008-08-10.
  3. ^ Goldhagen v. Pius XII Archived 2013-10-15 at the Wayback Machine at www.catholiceducation.org
  4. ^ Bartov, Omer. In God's Name: Genocide and Religion in the Twentieth Century. p. 233-234
  5. ^ "Cardinal Appeals for Jews" in New York Times, April 27th, 1944, p. 5
  6. ^ Los Angeles Lay Catholic Mission | June 2003 | Articles | It Was Cold, by Martin Mazloom Archived 2008-06-21 at the Wayback Machine at www.losangelesmission.com
Catholic Church titles
Preceded by Archbishop of Esztergom
30 November 1927 – 29 March 1945 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jusztinián_György_Serédi&oldid=1215531009"