Lazy (Orlová): Difference between revisions
m Bot: Migrating 2 interwiki links, now provided by Wikidata on d:q3506368 |
Marcin 303 (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| (24 intermediate revisions by 13 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| ⚫ | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} |
|||
{{Other places|Łazy (disambiguation){{!}}Łazy}} |
|||
[[File:Orlová, důl Lazy.JPG|thumb|240px|Lazy Coal Mine]] |
|||
{{Audio|Cs-Lazy.ogg|'''Lazy'''}} ([[Polish language|Polish]]: {{Audio-nohelp|Pl-Łazy.ogg|''Łazy''}}) is a village in [[Karviná District]], [[Moravian-Silesian Region]], [[Czech Republic]]. It was a separate municipality but became administratively a part of [[Orlová]] in 1946. It has a population of 274.<ref>[http://www.mesto-orlova.cz/kultura/?volba=udaje Statistics of Orlová]</ref> |
{{Audio|Cs-Lazy.ogg|'''Lazy'''}} ([[Polish language|Polish]]: {{Audio-nohelp|Pl-Łazy.ogg|''Łazy''}}) is a village in [[Karviná District]], [[Moravian-Silesian Region]], [[Czech Republic]]. It was a separate municipality but became administratively a part of [[Orlová]] in 1946. It has a population of 274.<ref>[http://www.mesto-orlova.cz/kultura/?volba=udaje Statistics of Orlová]</ref> |
||
The name is cultural in origin and in Polish denotes an arable area obtained by [[slash-and-burn]] technique.<ref name="mrozek">{{cite book | last = Mrózek | first = Robert | title = Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego |trans-title=Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia | publisher = [[University of Silesia in Katowice|Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach]] | year = 1984 | location = Katowice | pages = 110 | language = pl |issn = 0208-6336}}</ref> |
|||
It was first mentioned in a written document in 1305. |
|||
__NOTOC__ |
|||
== History == |
|||
The settlement was first mentioned in a Latin document of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Wrocław|Diocese of Wrocław]] called ''[[Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis]]'' from around 1305 as ''item in '''Lazy villa Paczconis'''''.<ref>{{cite book | last = Panic | first = Idzi | author-link = Idzi Panic | title = Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) |trans-title=Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528) | publisher = Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie | year = 2010 | location = Cieszyn | pages = 297–299 | language = pl |isbn = 978-83-926929-3-5 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |first=Wilhelm |last=Schulte |author-link=Wilhelm Schulte |title=Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae T.14 Liber Fundationis Episcopatus Vratislaviensis|journal=Pan Biblioteka Kórnicka |place=Breslau |year=1889 |url= http://www.wbc.poznan.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=19747&from=publication | language = de}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.dokumentyslaska.pl/cds%2014/liber.html|title=Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis |access-date=13 July 2014|language=la}}</ref> It meant that the village was in the process of location (the size of land to pay a [[tithe]] from was not yet precise). The village could have been founded by Benedictine monks from an [[Orlová monastery|Orlová abbey]]<ref>I. Panic, 2010, p. 430</ref> and also it could a part of a larger settlement campaign taking place in the late 13th century on the territory of what would later be known as [[Upper Silesia]]. |
|||
Politically the village belonged initially to the [[Duchy of Cieszyn]], formed in 1290 in the process of [[History of Poland#Fragmentation|feudal fragmentation of Poland]] and was ruled by a local branch of [[Silesian Piast dynasty]]. In 1327 the duchy became a [[Fee (feudal tenure)|fee]] of the [[Kingdom of Bohemia]], which after 1526 became part of the [[Habsburg monarchy]]. |
|||
After the [[Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire]], a modern [[municipality|municipal division]] was introduced in the re-established [[Austrian Silesia]]. The village as a municipality was subscribed at least since 1880 to [[Freistadt District (Austrian Silesia)|political district]] and [[legal district]] of [[Fryštát|Freistadt]]. |
|||
According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 1,516 in 1880 to 7,896 in 1910. In 1880 the majority were Czech-speaking (893 or 59.7%), followed by Polish-speaking (577 or 38.6%), in 1890 it changed so that the majority became Polish-speaking (1,507 or 70.3%, and then in 1900 4,660 or 81.7%) with Czech-speaking minority (622 or 29% in 1890 and 921 or 16.1% in 1900). This again shifted in 1910, when 49% where Czech-speaking and 48.7% Polish-speaking. They were accompanied by a small German-speaking minority (between 15 or 0.7% in 1890 and 181 or 2.3% in 1910). In terms of religion, in 1910 the majority were [[Roman Catholics]] (72.4%), followed by [[Protestants]] (26%), [[Jews]] (115 or 1.5%), and ''others'' (15 or 0.1%).<ref>{{cite book | last = Piątkowski | first = Kazimierz | title = Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem | publisher = Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego | year = 1918 | location = Cieszyn | pages = 273, 290 | language = pl |url = http://obc.opole.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=1076 }}</ref> |
|||
After [[World War I]], the fall of [[Austria-Hungary]], the [[Polish–Czechoslovak War]] and the division of [[Cieszyn Silesia]] in 1920, the village became a part of [[Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1938)|Czechoslovakia]]. Following the [[Munich Agreement]], in October 1938 together with the [[Zaolzie]] region it was annexed by [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]], administratively organised in [[Frysztat County]] of [[Silesian Voivodeship (1920–39)|Silesian Voivodeship]].<ref>{{cite journal |title= Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego |journal= Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich|volume=nr 18/1938, poz. 35 |date = 31 October 1938|publication-place=Katowice|url= http://www.sbc.org.pl/dlibra/plain-content?id=6949|access-date=1 July 2014|language=pl}}</ref> The village was then annexed by [[Nazi Germany]] at the beginning of [[World War II]]. During the genocidal ''[[Intelligenzaktion]]'' campaign, in 1939–1940, several Polish teachers and a Polish priest were deported to [[Nazi concentration camps|concentration camps]] and then murdered there (see ''[[Nazi crimes against the Polish nation]]'').<ref>{{cite book|last=Wardzyńska|first=Maria|year=2009|title=Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion|language=pl|location=Warszawa|publisher=[[Institute of National Remembrance|IPN]]|pages=139, 141}}</ref> In 1943–1944, the Germans operated a [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II|forced labour]] camp in Lazy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bundesarchiv.de/zwangsarbeit/haftstaetten/index.php?action=2.2&tab=7&id=2471|title=Arbeitserziehungslager Orlau|website=Bundesarchiv.de|access-date=2 December 2023|language=de}}</ref> After the war it was restored to [[Czechoslovakia]]. |
|||
== People == |
== People == |
||
| Line 19: | Line 34: | ||
| last = Zahradnik |
| last = Zahradnik |
||
| first = Stanisław |
| first = Stanisław |
||
| |
| author-link = Stanisław Zahradnik |
||
| title = Struktura narodowościowa Zaolzia na podstawie spisów ludności 1880-1991 |
| title = Struktura narodowościowa Zaolzia na podstawie spisów ludności 1880-1991 |
||
| publisher = HT |
| publisher = HT |
||
| year = 1991 |
| year = 1991 |
||
| location = Trzyniec |
| location = Trzyniec |
||
| pages = |
|||
| url = |
|||
| doi = |
|||
| oclc = 189422554 }} |
| oclc = 189422554 }} |
||
{{coord|49|50|20|N|18|25|6|E|display=title}} |
{{coord|49|50|20|N|18|25|6|E|display=title}} |
||
{{authority control}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lazy (Orlova)}} |
|||
[[Category:Neighbourhoods in the Czech Republic]] |
[[Category:Neighbourhoods in the Czech Republic]] |
||
[[Category:Karviná District]] |
[[Category:Villages in Karviná District]] |
||
[[Category:Cieszyn Silesia]] |
[[Category:Cieszyn Silesia]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Mining communities in the Czech Republic]] |
||
{{MoraviaSilesia-geo-stub}} |
|||
Latest revision as of 17:13, 2 December 2023
(Polish: ) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic. It was a separate municipality but became administratively a part of Orlová in 1946. It has a population of 274.[1]
The name is cultural in origin and in Polish denotes an arable area obtained by slash-and-burn technique.[2]
History[edit]
The settlement was first mentioned in a Latin document of Diocese of Wrocław called Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis from around 1305 as item in Lazy villa Paczconis.[3][4][5] It meant that the village was in the process of location (the size of land to pay a tithe from was not yet precise). The village could have been founded by Benedictine monks from an Orlová abbey[6] and also it could a part of a larger settlement campaign taking place in the late 13th century on the territory of what would later be known as Upper Silesia.
Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Cieszyn, formed in 1290 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Silesian Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg monarchy.
After the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire, a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed at least since 1880 to political district and legal district of Freistadt.
According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 1,516 in 1880 to 7,896 in 1910. In 1880 the majority were Czech-speaking (893 or 59.7%), followed by Polish-speaking (577 or 38.6%), in 1890 it changed so that the majority became Polish-speaking (1,507 or 70.3%, and then in 1900 4,660 or 81.7%) with Czech-speaking minority (622 or 29% in 1890 and 921 or 16.1% in 1900). This again shifted in 1910, when 49% where Czech-speaking and 48.7% Polish-speaking. They were accompanied by a small German-speaking minority (between 15 or 0.7% in 1890 and 181 or 2.3% in 1910). In terms of religion, in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (72.4%), followed by Protestants (26%), Jews (115 or 1.5%), and others (15 or 0.1%).[7]
After World War I, the fall of Austria-Hungary, the Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, the village became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Zaolzie region it was annexed by Poland, administratively organised in Frysztat County of Silesian Voivodeship.[8] The village was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. During the genocidal Intelligenzaktion campaign, in 1939–1940, several Polish teachers and a Polish priest were deported to concentration camps and then murdered there (see Nazi crimes against the Polish nation).[9] In 1943–1944, the Germans operated a forced labour camp in Lazy.[10] After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.
People[edit]
- Karol Piegza, Polish writer and folklorist was born here
- Gustaw Przeczek, Polish writer and teacher was born here
See also[edit]
Footnotes[edit]
- ^ Statistics of Orlová
- ^ Mrózek, Robert (1984). Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego [Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia] (in Polish). Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach. p. 110. ISSN 0208-6336.
- ^ Panic, Idzi (2010). Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) [Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528)] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. pp. 297–299. ISBN 978-83-926929-3-5.
- ^ Schulte, Wilhelm (1889). "Codex Diplomaticus Silesiae T.14 Liber Fundationis Episcopatus Vratislaviensis". Pan Biblioteka Kórnicka (in German). Breslau.
- ^ "Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis" (in Latin). Retrieved 13 July 2014.
- ^ I. Panic, 2010, p. 430
- ^ Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. pp. 273, 290.
- ^ "Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego". Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich (in Polish). nr 18/1938, poz. 35. Katowice. 31 October 1938. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
{{cite journal}}:|volume=has extra text (help) - ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. pp. 139, 141.
- ^ "Arbeitserziehungslager Orlau". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved 2 December 2023.
References[edit]
- Zahradnik, Stanisław (1991). Struktura narodowościowa Zaolzia na podstawie spisów ludności 1880-1991. Trzyniec: HT. OCLC 189422554.
49°50′20″N 18°25′6″E / 49.83889°N 18.41833°E
| Authority control databases: National |
|---|
