Orlová
| Orlová | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
|
||||
| Region : | Moravskoslezský kraj | ||||
| District : | Karviná | ||||
| Area : | 2467 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 51 ' N , 18 ° 26' E | ||||
| Height: | 215 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 28,852 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 735 11-735 14 | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | city | ||||
| Districts: | 4th | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Tomáš Kuča (as of 2016) | ||||
| Address: | Osvobození 796 73514 Orlová 4 - Lutyně |
||||
| Municipality number: | 599069 | ||||
| Website : | www.mesto-orlova.cz | ||||
Orlová (German Orlau , Polish Orłowa ) is a town in the Okres Karviná in the Czech Republic . It is 215 m above sea level. M. in the Silesian metropolitan area between Ostrava , Karviná and Bohumín .
history
The first documented mention comes from the year 1223 in the register of the Breslau bishop Lorenz . At that time the community belonged to the Krakow Monastery . Later a Benedictine monastery was built, which accelerated the development of the place, especially in the cultural and educational sectors. In the 17th century the seat of the monastery was moved back to Tyniec near Kraków, and the place remained a small agricultural community. It wasn't until the 19th century, when coal was discovered, that the place grew rapidly. In 1922 it was already a city with a tram connection, a hospital, museum and schools, in which teaching was carried out in several languages (Czech, Polish and German). Industrialization advanced and Orlová became a rich center of education.
After the Second World War , many German residents were expelled. In the 1960s, the communist government initially considered liquidating the city because of coal mining. It didn't come to that. However, 2000 buildings were razed to the ground, tram and rail traffic was stopped, and schools were relocated to the surrounding towns of Ostrava , Karviná and Havířov . In place of the original city, a settlement for 30,000 residents was built. Only the torso remained from the historic town center .
The founder of the Czech Legion in Italy, Jan Čapek, lived in Orlová for a long time. In 1910 Alois Jirásek visited the city several times. The Atelier Slawinski , manufacturer of violins , is located in Orlová .
City structure
Orlová includes the districts Dombrovec (Dombrau), Lazy, Lutyně (people) with Horní Lutyně (Polish people), Město and Poruba (Poremba).
sons and daughters of the town
- Bohdan Warchal (1930–2000), violinist and founder of the Slovak Chamber Orchestra
- Lenka Vaňková (* 1956), Germanist
- Martina Janková (* 1972), Czech-Swiss opera singer (soprano)
