Tyniec (Krakow)

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Overview of the village from the Wielkanoc hill
Tyniec Abbey
Old wooden house in Tyniec

Tyniec is a district of Krakow in the Dębniki administrative district in Poland .

geography

The place is located on the southern bank of the Vistula , between the hills of the Kraków Land Bridge : Góra Klasztorna (233 m, with the Tyniec Abbey ), Grodzisko (280 m), Duża Kowodrza (261 m), Bogucianka (270 m), Kozobica (282 m) m), Ostra Góra (284 m), Bukówka (269 m), Duża Biedzinka (229 m), Wielkanoc (260 m), Wielogóra (257 m) and Guminek (the highest with 294 meters). The Vistula is the western and eastern borders of the village. The hills make the Vistula Valley into a small canyon , which is 380 meters wide at the narrowest point between the Góra Klasztorna with the Tyniecer Abbey and the Skały Piekarskie in Piekary .

history

The oldest traces of the settlement are 12,000 years old; numerous archaeological finds in particular come from a settlement 2,300 years BC. The Celts operated a mint there . The Wislanes lived there in the 10th century . The Benedictine order was probably settled by Casimir I Karl on the hill Góra Klasztorna (about Klosterberg ) in 1044. The village of Thi (n) ciensem villam was first mentioned in the document of Gilo of Paris (probably from the years 1123-1125). The name is derived from the word tyn (wall). In 1259 the monastery and village were destroyed in the Mongol storm. From 1327 to the second half of the 15th century, Tyniec was near the border with the Duchy of Auschwitz in the Kingdom of Bohemia and became the strategic protection point of the Polish capital Krakow. It belonged to the county Szczyrzyc of Krakow Province .

When Poland was first partitioned from 1772 to 1795, Tyniec was again a border town in the new Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria . From 1782 it belonged to the Myslenice district (1819 with the seat in Wadowice , from 1804 in the Austrian Empire ).

In 1900 , the rural community of Tyniec had an area of ​​659 hectares with 221 houses and 1,148 citizens, all of whom were Polish-speaking. The majority of the population was Roman Catholic (1105), and 43 Jews lived in the village .

In 1918, after the end of the First World War and the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, Tyniec came to Poland and became the seat of a municipality in the Kraków Powiat, Kraków Voivodeship . This was only interrupted by the occupation of Poland by the Wehrmacht in World War II . It then belonged to the Krakow district of the General Government , from 1941 in the municipality of Skawina. On January 1, 1973 it was incorporated into Krakow.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wojciech Kętrzyński , Stanisław Smolka : Kodeks dyplomatyczny klasztoru tynieckiego . Lwów 1875, p. I (Latin, online ).
  2. Labuda Gerard: Szkice historyczne XI wieku: początki klasztoru benedyktynów w Tyńcu; . In: Studia Źródłoznawcze . 35, 1994, pp. 27-41.
  3. Władysław Lubas: nazwy miejscowe Południowej części dawnego województwa Krakowskiego . Polska Akademia Nauk . Instytut Języka Polskiego, Wrocław 1968, p. 156 (Polish, online ).
  4. Ludwig Patryn (Ed.): Community encyclopedia of the kingdoms and countries represented in the Reichsrat, edited on the basis of the results of the census of December 31, 1900, XII. Galicia . Vienna 1907 ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Tyniec  - collection of images
Wikivoyage: Tyniec  - travel guide

Coordinates: 50 ° 1 '  N , 19 ° 49'  E