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Markku Häkkinen (14 January 1946 – 5 December 2015) was a Finnish self-taught botanist, considered one of the world's leading experts on the taxonomy of bananas. Forty-six out of the seventy known species of wild bananas have been described by Häkkinen.^[1] The Linnean Society of London awarded him the H. H. Bloomer Award of 2009.^[2]^[3] In 2015 Häkkinen received the Finnish Cultural Foundation's Award for outstanding cultural achievement.^[4]

Häkkinen became interested in botany on his travels around the world during his career as a fully certificated sea captain. After retiring, he dedicated himself to botany. He made 18 expeditions to Borneo, Brunei, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam. He published over 80 papers in international scientific journals.

The following Musa species was named in honor of him: Musa haekkinenii,^[5] Musa velutina subsp. markkuana.^[6] and Musa markkui.^[7]

The standard author abbreviation Häkkinen is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.^[8]

References[edit]

^ "You searched on: Family = musaceae and Author standard form = hakkinen (including publishing authors, including basionym authors) and Ranks = all and Hybrids only = false, searching all records, sorting by name including family". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ Botanicum - Markku Häkkinen 14.1.1946 – 5.12.2015
^ "FCF Annual report 2014-2015". skr.fi. Retrieved 4 March 2017.
^ "Musa haekkinenii".
^ "Musa velutina subsp. markkuana (Musaceae): a new subspecies from northeastern India". biotaxa.org. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
^ "Musa markkui Gogoi & Borah". GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility). Retrieved 3 September 2021.
^ International Plant Names Index. Häkkinen.

External links[edit]

Media related to Markku Häkkinen at Wikimedia Commons
List of Markku Häkkinen's publications
Bulletin ^{[permanent dead link]} 2013 – Vol. 65(1): 19–26.
Musa sections revisited

This article about a Finnish botanist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] "You searched on: Family = musaceae and Author standard form = hakkinen (including publishing authors, including basionym authors) and Ranks = all and Hybrids only = false, searching all records, sorting by name including family". Retrieved 14 March 2015.

[2] "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 May 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[3] Botanicum - Markku Häkkinen 14.1.1946 – 5.12.2015

[4] "FCF Annual report 2014-2015". skr.fi. Retrieved 4 March 2017.

[5] "Musa haekkinenii".

[6] "Musa velutina subsp. markkuana (Musaceae): a new subspecies from northeastern India". biotaxa.org. Retrieved 22 December 2022.

[Musa-markkui-GBIF-7] "Musa markkui Gogoi & Borah". GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility). Retrieved 3 September 2021.

[8] International Plant Names Index. Häkkinen.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
 [[File:Markkuhäkkinen.jpg|thumb|Markku Häkkinen]]
-'''Markku Häkkinen''' (14 January 1946 – 5 December 2015) was a Finnish self-taught [[botanist]], considered one of the world's leading experts on the [[Taxonomy (biology)|taxonomy]] of [[banana]]s. Forty-six out of the seventy known species of wild bananas have been [[Species description|described]] by Häkkinen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do?find_family=musaceae&find_genus=&find_species=&find_infrafamily=&find_infragenus=&find_infraspecies=&find_authorAbbrev=hakkinen&find_includePublicationAuthors=on&find_includePublicationAuthors=off&find_includeBasionymAuthors=on&find_includeBasionymAuthors=off&find_publicationTitle=&find_isAPNIRecord=on&find_isAPNIRecord=false&find_isGCIRecord=on&find_isGCIRecord=false&find_isIKRecord=on&find_isIKRecord=false&find_rankToReturn=all&output_format=normal&find_sortByFamily=on&find_sortByFamily=off&query_type=by_query&back_page=plantsearch|title=You searched on: Family = musaceae and Author standard form = hakkinen (including publishing authors, including basionym authors) and Ranks = all and Hybrids only = false, searching all records, sorting by name including family|accessdate=2015-03-14}}</ref> The [[Linnaean Society of London]] awarded him the [[H. H. Bloomer Award]] of 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.linnean.org/Resources/LinneanSociety/Documents/Publications/The-Linnaen/Lin%20Vol%2025_%20no%203_%20Oct%202009.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-06-18 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513162750/http://www.linnean.org/Resources/LinneanSociety/Documents/Publications/The-Linnaen/Lin%20Vol%2025_%20no%203_%20Oct%202009.pdf |archivedate=2013-05-13 }}</ref><ref>[https://www.luomus.fi/sites/default/files/files/botanicum_2016_2.pdf Botanicum - Markku Häkkinen 14.1.1946 – 5.12.2015]</ref> In 2015 Häkkinen received the Finnish Cultural Foundation's Award for outstanding cultural achievement.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://skr.fi/vuosikertomus/skr_annual_report_2014-2015/#p=26|title=FCF Annual report 2014-2015|website=skr.fi|access-date=2017-03-04}}</ref>
+'''Markku Häkkinen''' (14 January 1946 – 5 December 2015) was a Finnish self-taught [[botanist]], considered one of the world's leading experts on the [[Taxonomy (biology)|taxonomy]] of [[banana]]s. Forty-six out of the seventy known species of wild bananas have been [[Species description|described]] by Häkkinen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/advPlantNameSearch.do?find_family=musaceae&find_genus=&find_species=&find_infrafamily=&find_infragenus=&find_infraspecies=&find_authorAbbrev=hakkinen&find_includePublicationAuthors=on&find_includePublicationAuthors=off&find_includeBasionymAuthors=on&find_includeBasionymAuthors=off&find_publicationTitle=&find_isAPNIRecord=on&find_isAPNIRecord=false&find_isGCIRecord=on&find_isGCIRecord=false&find_isIKRecord=on&find_isIKRecord=false&find_rankToReturn=all&output_format=normal&find_sortByFamily=on&find_sortByFamily=off&query_type=by_query&back_page=plantsearch|title=You searched on: Family = musaceae and Author standard form = hakkinen (including publishing authors, including basionym authors) and Ranks = all and Hybrids only = false, searching all records, sorting by name including family|access-date=2015-03-14|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The [[Linnean Society of London]] awarded him the [[H. H. Bloomer Award]] of 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.linnean.org/Resources/LinneanSociety/Documents/Publications/The-Linnaen/Lin%20Vol%2025_%20no%203_%20Oct%202009.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-06-18|df=dmy-all |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513162750/http://www.linnean.org/Resources/LinneanSociety/Documents/Publications/The-Linnaen/Lin%20Vol%2025_%20no%203_%20Oct%202009.pdf |archivedate=2013-05-13 }}</ref><ref>[https://www.luomus.fi/sites/default/files/files/botanicum_2016_2.pdf Botanicum - Markku Häkkinen 14.1.1946 – 5.12.2015]</ref> In 2015 Häkkinen received the Finnish Cultural Foundation's Award for outstanding cultural achievement.<ref>{{Cite web|df=dmy-all
+|url=http://skr.fi/vuosikertomus/skr_annual_report_2014-2015/#p=26|title=FCF Annual report 2014-2015|website=skr.fi|access-date=2017-03-04}}</ref>
-Häkkinen became interested in botany on his travels around the world during his career as a fully certificated [[sea captain]]. After retiring, he dedicated himself to botany. He has made 18 expeditions to [[Borneo]], [[Brunei]], [[China]], [[India]], [[Indonesia]], [[Malaysia]], [[Thailand]] and [[Vietnam]]. He has published over 80 papers in international scientific journals.
+Häkkinen became interested in botany on his travels around the world during his career as a fully certificated [[sea captain]]. After retiring, he dedicated himself to botany. He made 18 expeditions to [[Borneo]], [[Brunei]], [[China]], [[India]], [[Indonesia]], [[Malaysia]], [[Thailand]] and [[Vietnam]]. He published over 80 papers in international scientific journals.
-The following ''[[Musa (genus)|Musa]]'' species have been named in honor of him: ''[[Musa haekkinenii]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.promusa.org/tiki-index.php?page=Musa+haekkinenii|title = Musa haekkinenii}}</ref> [[Musa velutina subsp. markkuana|''Musa velutina'' subsp. ''markkuana'']]. <ref>http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.92.2.3</ref> and ''[[Musa markkui]]''.<ref name="Musa-markkui-GBIF">{{cite web | title=''Musa markkui'' Gogoi & Borah | website=GBIF ([[Global Biodiversity Information Facility]]) | url=http://www.gbif.org/species/8039833 | access-date=2021-09-03}}</ref>
+The following ''[[Musa (genus)|Musa]]'' species was named in honor of him: ''[[Musa haekkinenii]]'',<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.promusa.org/tiki-index.php?page=Musa+haekkinenii|title = Musa haekkinenii}}</ref> [[Musa velutina subsp. markkuana|''Musa velutina'' subsp. ''markkuana'']].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.92.2.3|title=Musa velutina subsp. markkuana (Musaceae): a new subspecies from northeastern India|website=biotaxa.org|access-date=22 December 2022}}</ref> and ''[[Musa markkui]]''.<ref name="Musa-markkui-GBIF">{{cite web|title=''Musa markkui'' Gogoi & Borah | website=GBIF ([[Global Biodiversity Information Facility]]) | url=http://www.gbif.org/species/8039833 | access-date=2021-09-03|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
 {{botanist|Häkkinen|border=0}}
 ==References==
-[http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Markku_H%C3%A4kkinen List of Markku Häkkinen's publications]
 {{Reflist}}
+==External links==
-* http://www.sbg.org.sg/research/publicationbulletin.asp?sRange=2010-2013&sYear=2013{{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 2013 – Vol. 65(1): 19–26.
+*{{Commons-inline}}
+*[http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Markku_H%C3%A4kkinen List of Markku Häkkinen's publications]
-* http://www.promusa.org/tiki-view_blog_post.php?postId=312
+* [http://www.sbg.org.sg/research/publicationbulletin.asp?sRange=2010-2013&sYear=2013 Bulletin] {{dead link|date=June 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 2013 – Vol. 65(1): 19–26.
+* [http://www.promusa.org/tiki-view_blog_post.php?postId=312 Musa sections revisited]
 {{Authority control}}
@@ Line 21: / Line 24: @@
 [[Category:1946 births]]
 [[Category:2015 deaths]]
-[[Category:Finnish botanists]]
+[[Category:20th-century Finnish botanists]]
 [[Category:Finnish sailors]]
 [[Category:Bananas]]
+[[Category:21st-century Finnish botanists]]
 {{Finland-botanist-stub}}