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Generational list of programming languages

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Here, a genealogy of programming languages is shown. Languages are categorized under the ancestor language with the strongest influence. Of course, any such categorization has a large arbitrary element, since programming languages often incorporate major ideas from multiple sources.

Other lists of programming languages are:

ALGOL
- Atlas Autocode
- ALGOL 60
- ALGOL 68
- Burrogh's Extended ALGOL
- ALGOL W
  - Pascal
    - Ada
    - Turbo Pascal
      - Delphi
        Free Pascal (FPC)
        
        Kylix (same as Delphi, but for Linux)
    - Euclid
      - Concurrent Euclid
      - Turing
        Turing Plus
        
        Object Oriented Turing
    - Modula-2
      - Modula-3
      - Oberon (Oberon-1)
        Oberon-2
        Component Pascal
      - Objective Modula-2 (also under Objective-C and Smalltalk)
    - SPARK
- CPL
  - BCPL
    - B
    - C
      - Alef
        Limbo
      - Coyote
      - C++
        Java
        Groovy
        
        Join Java
        
        J#
        
        X10
      - C--
      - D
      - C#
        Windows PowerShell (also under bash, ksh and Ruby)
      - ColdFusion
      - LPC
        Pike
      - Objective-C (also under Smalltalk)
        Objective Modula-2 (also under Modula-2 and Smalltalk)
      - Perl
        S2
        
        PHP
        
        PDL (also under APL)
      - QuakeC
    - MCPL
APL
- J (also under FL)
- K (also under LISP)
- NESL
- PDL (also under Perl)
- Glee
Assembly
BASIC
- Cache BASIC
- BASIC09
- COMAL
- Quickbasic
  - QBasic
    - Liberty BASIC
      - Just BASIC
- TrueBASIC
- Visual Basic
  - VBScript
  - Visual Basic for Applications (VBA)
  - Visual Basic .NET
- RealBasic
- Euphoria
COBOL
- DIBOL
- WATBOL
Batch languages
- MS-DOS Batch files
- Winbatch
COMIT
- SNOBOL
  - Icon
    - Unicon
    - Lua
CORAL
Corn
FP (Functional Programming)
- FL (Function Level)
  - J (also under APL)
FORTH
- InterPress
  - PostScript
- Joy
Fortran
- FORTRAN II
- FORTRAN IV
  - PORTRAN
- FORTRAN 66
- FORTRAN 77
- Fortran 90
- Fortran 95
  - F
- Fortran 2003
- Ratfor
- WATFOR
- WATFIV
- FORMAC
HyperTalk
- AppleScript
- Revolution
JOSS
- CAL
- TELCOMP
- FOCAL
- MUMPS
  - Caché ObjectScript
LabVIEW
Lisp
- Logo
- AutoLISP
- Common Lisp
- Emacs Lisp
- Scheme
  - Pico
  - Guile
- K (also under APL)
- S
  - R
ML
- Standard ML SML
  - Alice
- Ocaml
- MCPL (also under BCPL)
Occam
PL/1
- PL/M
  - PL/M-86
- PL/C
- REXX
- SP/k
Progress
Prolog
- PROLOG II, III, IV
- CLP(R), CLP(FD)
- Mercury
REFAL
Today
- BuildProfessional
Sh
- bash
- ksh
  - Windows PowerShell (also under C# and Ruby)
Miranda
- Haskell
ed
- sed
- awk
  - perl (also under C)
Seed7
SETL
- ABC
  - Python
TECO
Eiffel
- Sather
- Ubercode
Simula
- C++ (also under C)
- Smalltalk
  - Objective-C (hybrid of C and Smalltalk)
  - Objective Modula-2 (hybrid of Modula-2 and Smalltalk, following Objective-C blueprint)
  - Ruby
    - Windows PowerShell (also under bash, ksh and C#)
  - Self
    - JavaScript (originally LiveScript)
    - NewtonScript
      - Io
    - Slate
- BETA
Web design languages
- Bigwig

External link

Diagram & history of programming languages

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Lists of programming languages