Opopanax chironium
| Opopanax chironium | |
|---|---|
| |
| Plant of Opopanax chironium | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Apiales |
| Family: | Apiaceae |
| Genus: | Opopanax |
| Species: | O. chironium
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| Binomial name | |
| Opopanax chironium | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Opopanax chironium, common name Hercules' all-heal,[2] is a herb of the family Apiaceae.
Subspecies
- Opopanax chironium subsp. chironium
- Opopanax chironium subsp. bulgaricum (Vel.) N.Andreev[3]
Description
Opopanax chironium grows 1–3 metres (3 ft 3 in – 9 ft 10 in) high.[4] This perennial herb has a branching stem, thick and rough close to the base. Leaves are serrate, pinnate, with long petioles. It produces a large, flat, yellow inflorescence at the top of the branches.[5][6]
Uses
A gum resin (mostly gum) known as opopanax can be extracted from this plant by cutting at the base of a stem and sun-drying the juice that flows out. It has a strong unpleasant odor, unlike the perfumery's opopanax which is aromatic.[4]
The resin has been used in the treatment of spasms,[5] and, before that, as an emmenagogue, in the treatment of asthma, chronic visceral infections, hysteria and hypochondria.[4] Opopanax resin is most frequently sold in dried irregular pieces, though tear-shaped gems are not uncommon.[5]
Distribution and habitat
The plant thrives in warm climates like Iran, Italy, Greece and Turkey, but also grows in cooler climates.[2][5] Some view opopanax grown in cooler climates as being of inferior quality.
References
- ^ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".
- ^ a b "Opopanax chironium". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
- ^ Catalogue of Life
- ^ a b c Remington, J.P.; Wood, H.C. (1918). The Dispensatory of the United States of America (20th ed.). Philadelphia & London: J.B. Lippincott Company. p. 1526.
- ^ a b c d Botanical
- ^ Enciclopedia Treccani
Data related to Opopanax chironium at Wikispecies
Media related to Opopanax chironium at Wikimedia Commons
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora Europaea.