Pterygoid plexus: Difference between revisions
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The '''pterygoid plexus''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|ɛ|r|ɪ|g|ɔɪ|d}};<ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pterygoid Entry "pterygoid"] in ''[http://www.merriam-webster.com/ Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary]''.</ref> from [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] ''pteryx'', "wing" and ''eidos'', "shape") is a [[venous plexus]] |
The '''pterygoid plexus''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|ɛ|r|ɪ|g|ɔɪ|d}};<ref>[http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/pterygoid Entry "pterygoid"] in ''[http://www.merriam-webster.com/ Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary]''.</ref> from [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] ''pteryx'', "wing" and ''eidos'', "shape") is a fine [[venous plexus]] upon and within the [[lateral pterygoid muscle]].'''<ref name=":0223">{{Cite book |last=Sinnatamby |first=Chummy S. |title=Last's Anatomy |vauthors= |publisher= |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-7295-3752-0 |edition=12th |pages=364}}</ref>''' |
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== Anatomy == |
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It is a [[venous plexus]] of considerable size, situated between the [[temporalis muscle]] and [[lateral pterygoid muscle]], and partly between the two pterygoid muscles. |
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It receives tributaries corresponding with the branches of the [[maxillary artery]]. |
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=== Tributaries === |
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Tributaries of the plexus correspond to the branches of the [[maxillary artery]].'''<ref name=":0223" />''' |
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Thus it receives the following veins: |
Thus it receives the following veins: |
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Revision as of 22:01, 27 June 2023
| Pterygoid plexus | |
|---|---|
 Veins of the head and neck. | |
| Details | |
| Drains to | Maxillary vein |
| Artery | Maxillary artery |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | Plexus venosus pterygoideus, plexus pterygoideus |
| TA98 | A12.3.05.036 |
| TA2 | 4836 |
| FMA | 50944 |
| Anatomical terminology | |
The pterygoid plexus (/ˈtɛrɪɡɔɪd/;[1] from Greek pteryx, "wing" and eidos, "shape") is a fine venous plexus upon and within the lateral pterygoid muscle.[2]
Anatomy
It is a venous plexus of considerable size, situated between the temporalis muscle and lateral pterygoid muscle, and partly between the two pterygoid muscles.
Tributaries
Tributaries of the plexus correspond to the branches of the maxillary artery.[2]
Thus it receives the following veins:
- sphenopalatine
- middle meningeal
- deep temporal (anterior & posterior)
- pterygoid
- masseteric
- buccinator
- alveolar
- some palatine veins (palatine vein which divides into the greater and lesser palatine v.)
- a branch which communicates with the ophthalmic vein through the inferior orbital fissure
- infraorbital vein
Relations
This plexus communicates freely with the anterior facial vein; it also communicates with the cavernous sinus, by branches through the foramen Vesalii, foramen ovale, and foramen lacerum. Due to its communication with the cavernous sinus, infection of the superficial face may spread to the cavernous sinus, causing cavernous sinus thrombosis. Complications may include edema of the eyelids, conjunctivae of the eyes, and subsequent paralysis of cranial nerves which course through the cavernous sinus.
The pterygoid plexus of veins becomes the maxillary vein. The maxillary vein and the superficial temporal vein later join to become the retromandibular vein. The posterior branch of the retromandibular vein and posterior auricular vein then form the external jugular vein, which empties into the subclavian vein.
References
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 645 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
- ^ Entry "pterygoid" in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
- ^ a b Sinnatamby, Chummy S. (2011). Last's Anatomy (12th ed.). p. 364. ISBN 978-0-7295-3752-0.
External links
- Anatomy photo:27:13-0100 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Infratemporal Fossa: The Pterygoid Plexus of Veins"
- Pterygoid Plexus
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