Mazda MX-5 and Lindford, Hampshire: Difference between pages

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Difference between pages)
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
 
Addition of UK Place Infobox
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{infobox UK place|
{| border="0" align="right"
|country = England
|-
|static_image =
|{{Infobox Automobile
|static_image_caption=
| image = [[Image:eunos.jpg|250px|1990 Eunos Roadster v-spec 1.6]]
|latitude= 51.11803
| name = Mazda MX-5
|longitude= -0.84489
| manufacturer = [[Mazda]]
|official_name= Lindford
| parent_company =
|population=
| aka = Mazda MX-5 Miata<br/>Mazda Miata<br/>Eunos Roadster<br/>Mazda Roadster
|civil_parish= [[Lindford]]
| production = 1989&ndash;present
|shire_district= [[East Hampshire]]
| assembly = [[Hiroshima]], [[Japan]]
| shire_county = [[Hampshire]]
| predecessor =
|region= South East England
| successor =
|constituency_westminster=
| class = [[Roadster]]
|post_town=
| layout = [[FR layout]]
|postcode_district=
| platform =
|postcode_area=
| engine =
|dial_code=
| transmission =
|os_grid_reference= SU809360
| wheelbase =
| length =
| width =
| height =
| weight =
| fuel_capacity =
| related =
| designer =
}}
}}
'''Lindford''' is a village and [[civil parish]] in the [[East Hampshire]] district of [[Hampshire]], [[England]]. It is 1.1 miles (1.8km) northeast of [[Bordon]], on the B3004 road.
|}
The '''Mazda MX-5''', also known as '''Miata''' ({{pronEng|miːˈɑːɾə}}) in North America and '''Roadster''' ({{pronounced|ɺ̠oːdosɯtaː}}) in Japan, is a two-seater [[roadster]] [[sports car]] built by [[Mazda]] in Hiroshima, Japan &mdash; introduced in 1989 and now in its third generation.


The nearest railway station is [[Liphook railway station|Liphook]], 3.8 miles (6.1km) southeast of the village.
According to a 2003 [[Edmunds.com]] article, "the Miata deserves credit not only for reviving a dormant passion for roadsters, but for emboldening other manufacturers."<ref name="edmunds">{{cite web | title = Mazda MX-5 Miata: Generations | publisher = Edmunds.com | last = Huffman | first = John Pearley | date=March 5, 2003 | accessdate = September 27, 2008 | url =http://www.edmunds.com/insideline/do/Features/articleId=96932}}</ref>


With a population of around 2000, Lindford has a village shop, post office, private dental practice, hair dressers, as well as a Methodist Church, a village hall, a fishing tackle shop that also sells [[fireworks]], a pub ''The Royal Exchange'', a club, and soon, a [[Chinese cuisine|Chinese]] Take Away.
==Generations and overview==
Now in its third generation, the MX5's first generation, the '''NA''', sold over 400,000 units from 1989 to 1997 &mdash; with a {{convert|1.6|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[straight-4]] engine to 1993, a {{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} engine thereafter &mdash; recognizable by its pop-up headlights. The second generation ('''NB''') was introduced in 1998 with a slight increase in engine power; it can be recognized by the fixed headlights, and the glass rear window. The third generation ('''NC''') was introduced in 2005 with a {{convert|2.0|L|cuin|abbr=on}} engine.


Part of Lindford is currently being developed with 250 additional houses, boosting the number in the village from 600 to 850, a move which has been opposed by a group known as ''SOIL'' (Stop Over-development In Lindford).
The MX-5 was conceived as an ''elemental'' small [[roadster]] &mdash; with light weight and minimal mechanical complexity limited only by legal and safety requirements; technologically modern, but a philosophically direct descendant of the small British roadsters of the 1960s such as the [[Triumph Spitfire]], [[Austin-Healey Sprite]], [[MG Midget]] and [[Lotus Elan]].


==The Lindford Club==
The MX-5 was designed with a traditional [[front-engine, rear-wheel drive layout]] and four-wheel [[independent suspension|independent]] [[double wishbone suspension]]. It has a [[longitudinal engine|longitudinally-mounted]] [[straight-4|four cylinder]] [[internal combustion engine|engine]] coupled to a [[manual transmission]] (5 speed for NA, 5 or 6 speed in NB & NC); an [[automatic transmission]] is a cost option.


The Lindford [[Club]] provides a venue for the groups which meet up there.
The body is a conventional, but light, [[unibody]] or [[monocoque]] construction, with a (detachable) rear [[subframe]]. The MX-5 also incorporates a truss marketed as the Powerplant Frame (PPF) which connects the engine to the differential, minimizing flex and contributing to responsive handling. Many MX-5s feature [[limited slip differential]]s and [[anti-lock braking system]]. [[Traction control]] is an option available on NC models. The earlier cars weighed in at just over a ton, with engine power output usually {{convert|120|bhp|kW|abbr=on}}. The later cars were heavier, with higher power engines.


==The Church Centre==
With an approximate 50:50 front/rear weight balance, the car has nearly neutral [[car handling|handling]]. Inducing [[oversteer]] is easy and very controllable, thus making the MX-5 a popular choice for amateur and stock racing, including, in the USA, the [[Sports Car Club of America]]'s Solo2 [[autocross]] and [[Spec Miata]] race series.


The Church Centre is on the outskirts of Lindford in [[Headley]]. It has groups and clubs like guides, [[Brownie (Girl Guides)|Brownies]], rainbows, [[Cub Scout]], [[Scouts]], a Sunday school and holds many other fetes and [[charity]] sales.
Beginning with the third generation, Mazda consolidated worldwide marketing using the MX-5 name, though enthusiasts in the USA still refer to it as Miata, a name that means "reward" in [[Old High German]].<ref name=reward>{{cite web |url=http://www.miata.net/misc/reward.html |title=http://www.miata.net/misc/reward.html}}</ref>


The MX-5 has won over 150 awards in its history,{{fact|date=June 2008}} including making ''[[Car and Driver]]'' magazine's annual [[Car and Driver Ten Best|Ten Best]] list seven times; ''[[Wheels Magazine]]'' 's [[Car of the Year]] for 1989 and 2005; ''[[Sports Car International]]'''s "best sports car of the 1990s" and "ten best sports cars of all time"; 2005-2006 [[Car of the Year Japan]]; and 2005 [[Australia]]n Car of the Year.


[[Category:Villages in Hampshire]]
==From idea to production==


In 1976, [[Bob Hall]], a journalist at Motor Trend magazine who was an expert in Japanese cars and fluent in the language, met Kenichi Yamamoto, head of Research and Development at Mazda. Yamamoto asked Hall what kind of car Mazda should make in the future:


{{Hampshire-geo-stub}}
{{cquote|''I babbled [...] how the [...] simple, bugs-in-the-teeth, wind-in-the-hair, classically-British sports car doesn't exist anymore. I told Mr. Yamamoto that somebody should build one [...] inexpensive roadster.'' <ref name=bob-hall>{{cite web |url=http://www.automobilemag.com/reviews/convertibles/0503_ikigai_man |title=Details on the history of Bob Hall's influence on the design, development and manufacture of the MX-5}}</ref>}}


In 1981, Bob Hall moved to a product planning position with Mazda US and again met Kenichi Yamamoto, now chairman of Mazda Motors, who remembered their conversation about a roadster and gave Hall the go-ahead to research the idea further. In 1983, the idea turned concept was approved under the "Offline 55" program, an internal Mazda initiative that sought to change the way new models were developed. Thus, under head of project Masakatsu, the concept development was turned into a competition between the Mazda design teams in Tokyo and California.


{{EastHampshire}}
The California team proposed a [[front-engine, rear-wheel drive layout]], codenamed Duo 101, in line with the British roadster ancestry, but their Japanese counterparts favored the more common [[front-engine, front-wheel drive layout]] or the [[rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive layout]].

The first round of judging the competing designs was held in April 1984. At this stage, designs were presented solely on paper. The mid-engined car appeared the most impressive, although it was known at the time that such a layout would struggle to meet the noise, vibration and harshness ([[Noise, Vibration, and Harshness|NVH]]) requirements of the project. It was only at the second round of the competition in August 1984, when full-scale clay [[model figures|models]] were presented, that the Duo 101 won the competition and was selected as the basis for Mazda's new light-weight sports car.

The Duo 101, so named as either a soft top or [[hard top]] could be used, incorporated many key stylistic cues inspired by the [[Lotus Elan]], a 1960s roadster. International Automotive Design (IAD) in [[Worthing]], England was commissioned to develop a running prototype, codenamed V705. It was built with a fiberglass body, a {{convert|1.4|L|cuin|abbr=on}} engine from a [[Mazda Familia]] and components from a variety of early Mazda models. The V705 was completed in August 1985 and taken to the U.S.A. where it rolled on the roads around [[Santa Barbara, California|Santa Barbara]] and got positive reactions.

The project received final approval on [[18 January]] [[1986]]. The model's codename was changed to P729 as it moved into production phase, under head of program Toshihiko Hirai. The task of constructing five engineering ''mules'' (more developed prototypes) was again allocated to IAD, which also conducted the first front and rear [[crash test]]s on the P729. While Tom Matano and Koichi Hayashi worked on the final design, the project was moved to Japan for engineering and production details.

By 1989, with a definitive model name now chosen, the MX-5 (as in "Mazda eXperimental", project number 5) was ready to be introduced to the world as a true lightweight sports car, weighing just {{convert|940|kg|lb|abbr=on}}.

===Jinba ittai===
The design credo Mazda has used across the three generations of the MX5's development was the phrase {{Nihongo3|{{IPA|/dʑimba itːai/}}|人馬一体|''[[Jinba ittai]]''}},<ref name="motorportal">{{cite web |title=MAZDA MX-5 MIATA: THE WORLD’S MOST POPULAR TWO-SEAT CONVERTIBLE SPORTS CAR |publisher=Motorportal.com |url=http://motorportal.com/Mazda%20News/Mazda%20MX-5%20Miata.htm}}</ref> which translates loosely into Japanese as "rider (jin) horse (ba) as one (ittai)."<ref name="motorportal"/>

Referring to the design of the third generation, Mazda MX-5 program manager (NA), Takao Kijima said:<ref name="motorportal"/>
{{cquote|''Jinba Ittai drove all of the development team's decisions, yielding a car so nimble and fun to drive that the driver and car achieve true unity. This unified rider and horse concept allowed us to create a new MX-5 that's true to the spirit of the original, exceptionally lightweight, and lots of fun to drive.''}}

With the first generation of the Miata, the phrase was developed into five specific core design requirements:<ref name="motorportal"/>
* That the car would be as compact and as light as possible while meeting global safety requirements.
* That the cockpit would comfortably accommodate two full-stature occupants with no wasted space.
* That the basic layout would continue with the original’s front-midship rear-drive configuration with the engine positioned ahead of the driver but behind the front axle for 50:50 weight distribution.
* That all four wheels would be attached by wishbone or multi-link suspension systems to maximize tire performance, road grip and dynamic stability.
* And that a power-plant frame would again provide a solid connection between the engine and rear-mounted differential to sharpen throttle response.

==First generation (NA)==
{| border=0 align=right
|-
|{{Infobox Automobile generation
|name = First Generation (NA)
|image = [[Image:1st Mazda Miata .jpg|250px|1989-1992 Mazda Miata (US)]]
|production = 1989&ndash;1997
|engine = {{convert|1.6|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Mazda B engine#B6P|B6P]] [[straight-4|I4]]<br>{{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Mazda B engine#BP|BP]] [[straight-4|I4]]
| body_style = 2-door [[roadster]]
|wheelbase = {{convert|89.2|in|mm|abbr=on}}
|length = {{convert|155.4|in|mm|abbr=on}}
|height = {{convert|48.2|in|mm|abbr=on}}
|width = {{convert|65.9|in|mm|abbr=on}}
|weight = {{convert|940|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
|transmission = 5-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]]<br>4-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]
}}
|}

The Miata was unveiled at the [[Chicago Auto Show]] on [[February 10]], [[1989]], with a price tag of {{USD|13,800}} ({{USD|24,109}} in 2008 adjusted for inflation<ref name=inflation>{{cite web |url=http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl |title=Official U.S. inflation calculator}}</ref>). The MX-5, with production code NA, was made available for delivery to buyers worldwide in the following dates: March 1989 in Japan, July 1989 (as a 1990 model) in the U.S.A., 1990 in Europe. An optional [[hardtop]] was made available at the same time, in [[sheet moulding compound]] (SMC). Demand initially outstripped production, fueled by enthusiastic press reviews.

In Japan, the car was not badged as a Mazda, as the company was experimenting with the creation of different [[marque]]s for deluxe models, similar to Nissan's [[Infiniti]] and Toyota's [[Lexus]]. Instead, the Mazda MX-5 was sold as the '''[[Eunos cars|Eunos]] Roadster''' in that market.

The body shell of the NA was all-steel with a light-weight [[aluminium]] [[hood (vehicle)|hood]]. Overall dimensions were {{convert|3970|mm|in|abbr=on}} in length, {{convert|1675|mm|in|abbr=on}} in width, and {{convert|1235|mm|in|abbr=on}} in height. [[Drag coefficient]] was indicated as 0.38. Suspension was an independent double wishbone on all four wheels, with an [[anti-roll bar]] at the front and rear. Four wheel-disc brakes, ventilated at the front, were behind alloy wheels with 185/60HR14 [[radial tire]]s.

The original MX-5 came with a {{convert|1.6|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[double overhead cam]] [[straight-4|inline four-cylinder engine]], producing {{convert|90|kW|bhp|abbr=on}} and {{convert|136|Nm|lbf.ft|abbr=on}} of [[torque]]. The engine employs an electronic [[fuel injection]] system using a vane-type [[air flow meter]] and a [[camshaft angle sensor]] instead of a [[distributor]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Norman III |last=Garrett |year=1998 |title=Mazda Miata performance handbook |publisher=MBI |isbn=0-7603-0437-8}}</ref> This engine, codename [[Mazda B engine|B61P]], had been previously used in the [[Mazda Familia|323 series]].
Standard [[transmission (mechanics)|transmission]] was 5-speed manual. Japan and the USA got an optional [[automatic transmission]] which proved unpopular; these markets also received an optional viscous [[limited slip differential|limited slip rear differential]], although were only available for cars with a manual transmission.

The NA could reach {{convert|60|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} in 9.4&nbsp;seconds and had a top speed of {{convert|190|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}. This first generation of Miata (often referred to as the M1) included a special edition in 1991, produced in [[British Racing Green]] with the first use of tan interior.

1500 LE (Limited Edition)cars were produced in 1993. This model featured red leather interior, upgraded stereo, Nardi shift knob, leather wrapped steering wheel, cruise, limited slip differential, power windows, power mirrors, power steering, air conditioning, BBS wheels, Bilstein shocks, front and rear spoilers, ABS brakes, stainless sill plates and Harley style peanut tank door speaker trim. All '93 LE cars came in black.

For the 1994 model year, the first-generation MX-5 was freshened with the introduction of the more powerful {{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} ''[[Mazda B engine#BP|BP]]-ZE'' engine, dual [[airbag]]s and a [[limited slip differential]] in some markets. The chassis was substantially braced to meet new side-impact standards, most visibly by adding a "track bar" between the seatbelt towers inside the car, but also to the front and rear subframes. Also, 1994&nbsp;and 1995&nbsp;were the only years in which Mazda offered a light metallic blue paint (Laguna Blue Mica), making these cars rare collectors cars to some. 1994 also saw the introduction of the "R" package, a sport-themed package with Bilstein shocks and subtle underbody spoilers, in addition to the removal of unnecessary items such as power steering. No body style changes were made, though.

The new {{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} engine produced {{convert|98|kW|bhp|abbr=on}}, which was then increased by {{convert|1|kW|bhp|abbr=on}} for the 1996 model year. The base weight increased to {{convert|990|kg|lb|abbr=on}}. Performance was improved slightly, the additional power being partly offset by the extra weight. In some markets such as Europe, the {{convert|1.6|L|cuin|abbr=on}} engine continued to be available as a lower-cost option, but was detuned to {{convert|66|kW|bhp|abbr=on}}. This lower-powered model did not receive all the additional chassis bracing of the new {{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}}. Japanese and US cars were fitted with an optional [[Torsen]] LSD, which was far more durable than the previous viscous differential.

[[Image:red-na-nb.JPG|thumb|left|The retractable headlights of the NA (front car) were replaced by fixed headlights on the NB (rear car).]]
There were a number of trim levels and special editions available, determined by local Mazda marketing departments. In the US, the base model was offered for {{USD|13,995}} at launch and was very basic, with manual windows, steel wheels, and without A/C or power steering. The "A Package" offered power steering, a leather-wrapped steering wheel, aluminum alloy wheels and cassette stereo. The "B Package" added power windows, along with cruise control and headrest speakers, while the "C Package" included a tan interior and top and leather seats. The "R Package" was for racing, and the [[List of Mazda MX-5 colors and special editions|annual special editions]] were formalized as "M Editions". These included all of the luxury options from the "C Package" as well as special paint and, sometimes, special wheels. In the UK, to celebrate Mazda's [[24 hours of Le Mans]] win, Mazda brought out a special edition of the MX-5, with the winner's color scheme (see [[Mazda 787B]]) and came equipped with BBR (Brodie Brittain Racing) turbo conversion; the car is one of the most sought after special edition cars of the MX-5s.

The first generation MX-5 was phased out with the 1997 model year (with the exception of 400 limited edition Berkeley models sold only in the UK in 1998 to mark the end of the NA), with the final 1500 NAs produced for the US market being the "STO" ("Special Touring Option") versions.

==Second generation (NB)==
{| border=0 align=right
|-
|{{Infobox Automobile generation
|name = Second Generation (NB)
|image = [[Image:Nb miata.jpg|250px|1999 Miata (Leather package)]]
|production = 1999&ndash;2005
|engine = {{convert|1.6|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Mazda B engine#B6ZE(RS)|B6-ZE]] [[straight-4|I4]] (Europe/Japan)<br>{{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Mazda B engine#BP-4W|BP-4W]] [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>{{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Mazda B engine#BP-Z3|BP-Z3]] [[Straight-4|I4]]<br>{{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} turbocharged [[Mazda B engine#BPT|BPT]] [[Straight-4|I4]] (Mazdaspeed)
| body_style = 2-door [[roadster]]
|wheelbase = {{convert|89.2|in|mm|abbr=on}}
|length = {{convert|155.3|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br>2001-02 & MazdaspeeD: {{convert|155.7|in|mm|abbr=on}}
|width = 1999-2002: {{convert|66.0|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br>2003-05: {{convert|66.1|in|mm|abbr=on}}
|height = 1999-2002: {{convert|48.4|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br>2003-05: {{convert|48.3|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br>Mazdaspeed: {{convert|48.0|in|mm|abbr=on}}
|transmission = 5-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]]<br>4-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]<br>6-speed manual
|weight = {{convert|1000|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
}}
|}

In 1998, Mazda released the second-generation MX-5, then known as MX-5&nbsp;Miata production code NB, for the 1999 model year. The NB featured a more powerful engine and external styling cues borrowed from the third generation [[Mazda RX-7]] model. Prices in the United States, the main market for the MX-5, started at {{USD|19,770}} ({{USD|26,275}} in 2008 adjusted for inflation<ref name=inflation/>).

Although many parts of the interior and body were different, the most notable changes were the headlights: the first generation's retractable headlights no longer passed [[pedestrian safety through vehicle design|pedestrian safety]] tests and were replaced by fixed ones. The new car grew slightly in width compared to the earlier model; its dimensions were: length {{convert|3945|mm|in|abbr=on}}, width {{convert|1678|mm|in|abbr=on}}, height {{convert|1228|mm|in|abbr=on}} and wheelbase {{convert|2265|mm|in|abbr=on}}. Without options, the NB weighed exactly {{convert|1000|kg|lb|abbr=on}}. The new generation was slightly more aerodynamic than the original, with a Cd figure of 0.36.

The NB continued to employ four-wheel independent suspension, with enlarged anti-roll bars at the front and rear, but the wheels, tires and brakes were significantly upgraded: [[anti-lock braking system]] was offered as an option; alloy wheels were now {{convert|14|in|mm|abbr=on}} or {{convert|15|in|mm|abbr=on}} in diameter and {{convert|6|in|mm|abbr=on}} in width, depending on the trim package; sports models were equipped with the larger wheels and 195/50VR15 tires.

The [[Mazda B engine#BP-4W|BP-4W]] engine remained at {{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} but received several minor updates. The engine compression ratio was raised from 9.0:1 to 9.5:1 by adding slightly domed pistons; the intake cam was changed to a solid lifter design with a stronger cam; the intake runners in the head were straightened and the intake manifold was mounted higher up. Mazda's [[Variable Intake Control System]] was introduced, which effectively gave a long narrow intake manifold at low [[rpm]] for better swirl, changing to a short, free-flowing manifold at high rpm for maximum breathing. Power output of the new engine was quoted at {{convert|106|kW|bhp|abbr=on}} with {{convert|116|lbf.ft|Nm|abbr=on}} of torque.

The {{convert|1.6|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Mazda B engine#B6ZE(RS)|B6]] engine remained available in Europe and Japan.

The base-model {{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} NB could reach {{convert|60|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} in 7.9&nbsp;s and had a top speed of {{convert|197|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}.

In 1999, Mazda celebrated the 10th anniversary of the MX-5 with the [[Mazda MX-5 10th Anniversary Model|10th Anniversary Model]], a limited edition featuring some until-then exclusive features, namely a six-speed [[transmission (mechanics)|transmission]] and Bilstein shock absorbers; performance figures were slightly different, with faster acceleration but lower top speed than the standard {{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} NB.

For the 2001 model year, a facelift to the second-generation MX-5 was released. There were some minor exterior changes, with a press-release of [[July 18]], [[2000]] announcing the changes as "resulting in an even sportier and more forceful look". Some cockpit elements were changed, with the instrument panel gauges receiving a white face and red numbers. The seats were also upgraded, incorporating more support in the side bolsters and taller headrests. Added for top models were 16-inch wheels with 205/45VR16 low-profile tires and larger brakes at the front and rear. The upgraded tires and suspension allowed the new model to pull 0.88 g in lateral grip in tests by ''[[Car and Driver]]'' magazine. The body was strengthened, gaining 16% in [[bending|bending rigidity]] and 22% in [[Torsion (mechanics)|torsional rigidity]]. With the minimum of options, the 2001 model weighed {{convert|1065|kg|lb|abbr=on}}.

The {{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Mazda B engine#BP-Z3|BP-Z3]] engine was slightly modified and now featured [[S-VT|variable valve timing]] on the intake camshaft. The intake and exhaust system also received a minor upgrade. These modifications resulted in a power output of {{convert|117|kW|bhp|abbr=on}} (Japan and Australia) or {{convert|110|kW|bhp|abbr=on}} (US and Europe). In the United States, Mazda erroneously quoted the power figure for the Japanese and Australian model in early catalogues. ''[[Car and Driver]]'' magazine and numerous owners confirmed the missing power, and Mazda offered to buy back the 2001 cars due to those misleading power claims. Owners who did not take up the buy back offer were offered an apology and free servicing for the warranty period.

[[Image:2002 laser-blue.jpg|thumb|left|2002 Laser Blue Mica (NB 2.5) with front skirt]]
2002 saw the launch of the MX5 SP. The MX-5 SP was developed and sold in Australia and its turbocharged engine produced {{convert|157|kW|bhp|abbr=on}} at 6800&nbsp;rpm. Only 100 of these cars were built. The SP was very expensive in comparison to a standard MX5 at the time yet offered blistering performance.

In 2003 Mazda launched a campaign to target a younger group of drivers with the introduction of the Shinsen Version (SV) Miata. The Shinsen (Japanese for "Fresh and New,") provided an intermediate step between the base model and the pricier LS. Equipped with most standard features on the LS, such as cruise control and aluminum brush trim, the SV added a touch of comfort and style without a hefty price tag. This limited production model also shared an inverted color scheme of the same year Special Edition. With a titanium silver exterior, dark blue top and interior, the Shinsen Version was a handsome addition to the Miata family.
[[Image:05 and 04 Mazdaspeed Miata.jpg|thumb|right|2005 Lava Orange Mazdaspeed Miata next to a 2004 Velocity Red Mazdaspeed Miata]]

The 2004 model year saw the introduction of the official turbocharged [[Mazdaspeed]] MX-5, Roadster Turbo in Japan. It featured an IHI turbocharger equipped [[Mazda B engine#BPT|BPT]] engine that produced {{Convert|178|bhp|kW|0|abbr=on}} at 6000&nbsp;rpm with a front-mounted air-to-air intercooler. Other features included a special suspension, upgraded transmission and clutch assemblies, upgraded drivetrain components, [[Racing Hart]] {{convert|17|in|mm|abbr=on}} alloy wheels, special interior trim. The 2004 Mazdaspeed MX-5 was only available in Velocity Red Mica and Titanium Gray Metallic while the 2005 model was available additionally in Lava Orange Mica and Black Mica. Of the 5,428 Mazdaspeed MX-5s produced during model years 2004 and 2005, 4,000 were produced in 2004; the 2005 production run was shortened to only 1428, due to a fire at the production facility.
Also during the 2004 model year, a division of Mazda in Japan produced the Roadster Coupé, with an integral hardtop roof. The body structure was reworked to incorporate the roof for a substantial increase in chassis rigidity and a weight increase of {{convert|10|kg|lb|abbr=on}}. Production was limited to 350 units for Japan only.

==Third generation (NC)==
{{Infobox Automobile generation
|name = Third Generation (NC)
|image = [[Image:2006 Mazda MX-5.jpg|250px|Mazda MX-5]]
|production = 2006-Present
| body_style = 2-door [[roadster]]<br>2-door [[hardtop]]
|engine = {{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Mazda MZR engine|MZR]] [[Straight-4|I4]] (Europe)<br>{{convert|2.0|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Mazda MZR engine|MZR]] [[Straight-4|I4]]
|transmission = 5-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]]<br>6-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]<br>6-speed manual
|weight = {{convert|1095|kg|lb|abbr=on}}
|wheelbase = {{convert|91.7|in|mm|abbr=on}}
|length = {{convert|157.3|in|mm|abbr=on}}
|width = {{convert|67.7|in|mm|abbr=on}}
|height = {{convert|49.0|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br>PRHT: {{convert|49.4|in|mm|abbr=on}}
}}

Production of the third-generation MX-5, code NC, began [[May 17]], [[2005]], for delivery in August, for the 2006 model year. This was partially due to the declining sales of the Miata during its second generation run.

[[Image:Mazdamx5stormybluecloseup.jpg|thumb|left|The easiest way to distinguish the third-generation MX-5 is to look for fender bulges over the wheel wells.]]
The exterior styling resembles the original design, but unlike the update from NA to NB, which was mostly a nose/tail/interior change, the NC shares no components with the NB, except for the side-panel turning-lights on non-USA models.

The suspension has changed from a 4-wheel double wishbone setup to a front wishbone/rear [[multilink]] setup. Technologies like [[traction control]] and [[stability control]] were added to increase driveability.

For the USA, the engine is the new [[multi-valve|16-valve]], {{convert|2.0|L|cuin|abbr=on}} [[Mazda_MZR_engine|MZR]] [[straight-4|I4]], producing {{convert|166|bhp|kW|abbr=on}} and {{convert|140|lbf.ft|Nm|abbr=on}} coupled to either a 5-speed or a 6-speed manual transmission or {{convert|158|bhp|kW|abbr=on}} with the optional 6-speed automatic transmission. A limited slip differential is available with the 6-speed option. In Australia the {{convert|2.0|L|cuin|abbr=on}} MZR is offered, rated at {{convert|118|kW|bhp|abbr=on}} and {{convert|188|Nm|lbf.ft|abbr=on}} and the 6-speed transmission and LSD are standard. In Europe, two engines are offered: the {{convert|2.0|L|cuin|abbr=on}} MZR rated at {{convert|160|bhp|kW|abbr=on}} and {{convert|188|Nm|lbf.ft|abbr=on}}, coupled to the 6-speed manual transmission; and a new {{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}} MZR, rated at {{convert|126|bhp|kW|abbr=on}} and {{convert|167|Nm|lbf.ft|abbr=on}}, coupled to the 5-speed manual transmission.

A six-speed automatic transmission, with steering wheel mounted paddle shifters, is optional. A test by ''[[Car and Driver]]'' magazine revealed a 0-{{convert|60|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} time of 6.5&nbsp;s for the {{convert|2.0|L|cuin|abbr=on}} U.S.-spec NC.<ref name=NC 0-60>{{cite web |url=http://www.caranddriver.com/roadtests/9968/mazda-mx-5-page3.html |title=Mazda MX-5's Performance Statistics as Measured by Car and Driver |accessdate=2007-02-10 }}</ref> Manufacturer figures for the European-spec model are: 0-{{convert|100|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} in 9.4&nbsp;s ({{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}}) and 7.9&nbsp;s ({{convert|2.0|L|cuin|abbr=on}}).

The NC was launched with a [[List of Mazda MX-5 colors and special editions|special edition]] called "3rd Generation Limited" which featured added chrome accents and special wheels. 3500 were built worldwide (300 in the UK, 750 in the USA), delivered in advance of standard models.

The NC offers a wider range of accessories for customization than the earlier generations. The [[softtop]], in cloth instead of vinyl, can now be chosen in more than two colors: black and cream as previously, but also grey, camel, blue and green; and the interior can be customized to the exterior paint color.

[[Image:Mazda MX-5 hardtop.jpg|thumb|2007 True Red Power Retractable Hard Top]] In July 2006, Mazda unveiled a [[coupé convertible]] version of the NC with a three-piece folding hardtop, named "MX-5 Roadster Coupe" in Europe, "Roadster Power Retractable Hard Top" in Japan, and "MX-5&nbsp;Miata Power Retractable Hard Top" in the USA. Adding {{convert|36|kg|lb|abbr=on}} to the weight of a comparable model with soft top, the [[hard top]] takes 12&nbsp;seconds to raise or lower; in a departure from the competition, it does not take any of the existing trunk space when folded down. The first units were delivered to customers in late August, for a price premium less than the cost of a separate hard top. Performance times are slightly affected with the weight increase, to 9.6&nbsp;s ({{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}}) and 8.2&nbsp;s ({{convert|2.0|L|cuin|abbr=on}}) from 0-{{convert|100|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}, but top speed is increased from 196km/h (121.8mph) to 200km/h (124.3mph) ({{convert|1.8|L|cuin|abbr=on}}) and from {{convert|210|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} to {{convert|215|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} ({{convert|2.0|L|cuin|abbr=on}}), for the European-spec model.

For 2008, Mazda released a Special Edition MX-5 in Icy Blue exterior, with exclusive Saddle Brown folding top, with matching leather with blue stitching steering wheel, seats, and hand brake. The Special Edition also featured a silver-accented shift knob, dark-silver finished instrument panel with chrome accents, special {{convert|17|in|mm|abbr=on}} alloy wheels, stainless steel MX-5 scuff plate, and chrome front headlight bezel, grille surround and fog lamp surround. The 2008 Special Edition was limited to 750 units in the US.

===Facelift===
The 2009 MX-5 facelift debuts at the 2008 [[Paris Auto Show]].

==Safety==
In the 2002 [http://www.euroncap.com/tests/mazda_mx_5_2002/120.aspx Euro NCAP Safety Ratings], the MX5 manufactured in 2002 received 4 out of 5 stars.

==Production numbers and details==

:''See also: [[List of Mazda MX-5 colors and special editions]].''

{| class=wikitable align=left style="margin: auto auto 1em 5em"
|+Source: official Mazda records
|-
!Year!!Production!!Sales (U.S.)!!Sales (Global)
|-
|1988||12 ([[pre-production car]]s)||&nbsp;||&nbsp;
|-
|1989||45,266||23,052||35,807
|-
|1990||95,640||35,944||75,789
|-
|1991||63,434||31,240||71,586
|-
|1992||52,712||24,964||53,031
|-
|1993||44,740||21,588||45,155
|-
|1994||39,623||21,400||38,826
|-
|1995||31,886||20,174||35,673
|-
|1996||33,610||18,408||33,205
|-
|1997||27,037||17,218||32,035
|-
|1998||58,682||19,845||49,205
|-
|1999||44,851||17,738||46,370
|-
|2000||47,496||18,299||44,573
|-
|2001||38,870||16,486||39,258
|-
|2002||40,754||14,392||38,917
|-
|2003||30,106||10,920||32,990
|-
|2004||24,232||9,356||26,531
|-
|2005||29,950||9,801||14,316
|-
|2006||48,389||16,897||22,546
|-
!Total!!797,293!!347,722!!735,813
|}

{{Clr}}

The 250,000th MX-5 rolled out of the factory on [[November 9]], [[1992]]; the 500,000th, in [[February 8]], [[1999]]; the 750,000th, in March 2004; and the 800,000th in January 2007.

==See also==

* [[List of Mazda MX-5 colors and special editions]] (1990&mdash;2008)
* [[Mazda MX-5 10th Anniversary Model]] (1999)
* [[Spec Miata]], a class of racing cars in the U.S.
* [[Mazda MX5 Championship]], an UK one make series

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin}}
* Long, B. ''MX-5&nbsp;Miata - The full story of the world's favourite sports car'', Veloce Publishing, 2002. ISBN 1-903706-21-1.
* Carey, J. (March, 2005). "New Mazda MX-5". Wheels (Australia), p. 48.
* [http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,9533492-13232,00.html Mazda MX-5 SE]. Retrieved [[November 5]] [[2006]].
* {{pt icon}} [http://www.clubmx-5.com.pt/web/?cat=2 Club MX-5 Portugal - History page] Retrieved [[February 9]] [[2007]].
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{commonscat|Mazda MX-5}}
<!-- Please read [[WP:EL]] before adding new external links. Chat sites, forums, club sites, mailing lists, registries do not usually provide relevant, additional information in encyclopedic terms.-->
* Official site for the [http://www.mazdausa.com/MusaWeb/displayPage.action?pageParameter=modelsMain&vehicleCode=MX5 U.S.], [http://www.mazda.co.uk/Showroom/MX-5/ UK], and [http://www.mazda.com.au/mx5/ Australia]
* {{dmoz|Recreation/Autos/Makes_and_Models/Mazda/MX-5_Miata|Mazda MX-5 Miata}}
<!--==========================({{NoMoreLinks}})============================
| PLEASE BE CAUTIOUS IN ADDING MORE LINKS TO THIS ARTICLE. WIKIPEDIA |
| IS NOT A COLLECTION OF LINKS NOR SHOULD IT BE USED FOR ADVERTISING. |
| |
| Excessive or inappropriate links WILL BE DELETED. |
| See [[Wikipedia:External links]] & [[Wikipedia:Spam]] for details. |
| |
| If there are already plentiful links, please propose additions or |
| replacements on this article's discussion page, or submit your link |
| to the relevant category at the Open Directory Project (dmoz.org) |
| and link back to that category using the {{dmoz}} template. |
=========================({{NoMoreLinks}})=============================-->

{{Mazda}}
{{North American Mazda vehicles}}

[[Category:Mazda vehicles|MX-5]]
[[Category:Sports cars]]
[[Category:Hardtop convertibles]]
[[Category:Roadsters]]
[[Category:Rear wheel drive vehicles]]
[[Category:1980s automobiles]]
[[Category:1990s automobiles]]
[[Category:2000s automobiles]]
[[Category:Vehicles introduced in 1989]]

[[de:Mazda MX-5]]
[[es:Mazda MX-5]]
[[fr:Mazda MX5]]
[[it:Mazda MX-5]]
[[nl:Mazda MX-5]]
[[ja:マツダ・ロードスター]]
[[pl:Mazda MX-5]]
[[pt:Mazda MX-5]]
[[fi:Mazda MX-5]]
[[sv:Mazda MX-5]]

Revision as of 15:12, 10 October 2008

Lindford
OS grid referenceSU809360
Civil parish
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
PoliceHampshire and Isle of Wight
FireHampshire and Isle of Wight
AmbulanceSouth Central
List of places
UK
England
Hampshire

Lindford is a village and civil parish in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is 1.1 miles (1.8km) northeast of Bordon, on the B3004 road.

The nearest railway station is Liphook, 3.8 miles (6.1km) southeast of the village.

With a population of around 2000, Lindford has a village shop, post office, private dental practice, hair dressers, as well as a Methodist Church, a village hall, a fishing tackle shop that also sells fireworks, a pub The Royal Exchange, a club, and soon, a Chinese Take Away.

Part of Lindford is currently being developed with 250 additional houses, boosting the number in the village from 600 to 850, a move which has been opposed by a group known as SOIL (Stop Over-development In Lindford).

The Lindford Club

The Lindford Club provides a venue for the groups which meet up there.

The Church Centre

The Church Centre is on the outskirts of Lindford in Headley. It has groups and clubs like guides, Brownies, rainbows, Cub Scout, Scouts, a Sunday school and holds many other fetes and charity sales.


Stub icon

This Hampshire location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mazda_MX-5&oldid=244383604"