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{{short description|Member of the Parliament of England}}
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'''Sir Thomas Kyriell''' (1396–1461) was an English soldier of the [[Hundred Years' War]] and the opening of the [[Wars of the Roses]]. He was executed after the [[Second Battle of St Albans]].<ref name="ODNB">{{cite ODNB|id=50135|title=Kyriell, John|first=Anne|last=Curry}}</ref>

[[File:Coat of Arms of Sir Thomas Kiriell, KG.png|thumb|Coat of arms of Sir Thomas Kyriell]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=December 2016}}
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'''Sir Thomas Kyriell''' (1396–18 February 1461) was an English soldier of the [[Hundred Years' War]] and the opening of the [[Wars of the Roses]]. He was executed after the [[Second Battle of St Albans]].<ref name="ODNB">{{cite ODNB|id=50135|title=Kyriell, Sir Thomas|first=Anne|last=Curry}}</ref>


==Background==
==Background==
The de Criol, Kyriel or Kyriell family built up a position in [[Kent]], where they fortified [[Westenhanger Castle]], from the middle of the 14th century.<ref>{{cite book|author=Roy D. Ingleton|title=Fortress Kent|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=muSelO__PQ8C&pg=PA87|year=2012|publisher=Casemate Publishers|isbn=978-1-84884-888-7|page=87}}</ref>
The [[Bertram de Criol|de Criol]], Kyriel or Kyriell family built up a position in [[Kent]], where they fortified [[Westenhanger Castle]], from the middle of the 14th century.<ref>{{cite book|author=Roy D. Ingleton|title=Fortress Kent|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=muSelO__PQ8C&pg=PA87|year=2012|publisher=Casemate Publishers|isbn=978-1-84884-888-7|page=87}}</ref>


==Military career==
==Military career==
Kyriell served under [[Henry V of England]] in [[Normandy]], and in 1436 held the fortress at [[Le Crotoy]] in [[Picardy]].<ref>{{cite book|author=David Grummitt|title=The Calais Garrison: War and Military Service in England, 1436-1558|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=yIthoIVk1lgC&pg=PA68|year=2008|publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd|isbn=978-1-84383-398-7|page=68}}</ref> He served under [[John, Lord Talbot]] at this period, around [[Rouen]], and was created [[knight-banneret]] by 1443.<ref name="ODNB"/> He led the English forces in the 1450 French victory, the [[Battle of Formigny]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Adrian R. Bell|author2=Anne Curry|author3=Andy King|coauthors=David Simpkin|title=The Soldier in Later Medieval England|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=_XuHAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA82|date=12 September 2013|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-968082-5|page=82}}</ref>
Kyriell served under [[Henry V of England]] in [[Normandy]], and in 1436 held the fortress at [[Le Crotoy]] in [[Picardy]].<ref>{{cite book|author=David Grummitt|title=The Calais Garrison: War and Military Service in England, 1436-1558|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yIthoIVk1lgC&pg=PA68|year=2008|publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd|isbn=978-1-84383-398-7|page=68}}</ref> He served under [[John, Lord Talbot]] at this period, around [[Rouen]], and was created [[knight-banneret]] by 1443.<ref name="ODNB"/> He led the English forces in the 1450 French victory, the [[Battle of Formigny]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Adrian R. Bell|author2=Anne Curry|author3=Andy King|author4=David Simpkin|title=The Soldier in Later Medieval England|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_XuHAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA82|date=12 September 2013|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-968082-5|page=82}}</ref>


Released after being captured at Formigny, Kyriell was a Member of Parliament. There he showed himself a [[Yorkist]], by his opposition to [[Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset]].<ref>{{cite book|author=David Nicolle|title=The Fall of English France 1449-53|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=auuR-L_ZDnYC&pg=PA21|date=20 February 2012|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1-78096-035-7|page=21}}</ref> He was openly a Yorkist commander by 1460, as heavy fighting began in the Wars of the Roses.<ref>{{cite book|author=Malcolm Mercer|title=The Medieval Gentry: Power, Leadership and Choice During the Wars of the Roses|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=7SFdai_9lz8C&pg=PA41|year=2010|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-1-4411-9064-2|page=41}}</ref> [[Warwick the Kingmaker]] had Kyriell elected to the [[Order of the Garter]] on 8 February 1461, with himself and two others.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Peter Burley|author2=Michael Elliot|author3=Harvey Watson|title=The Battles of St Albans|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=43Z-AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA54|date=9 September 2013|publisher=Pen and Sword|isbn=978-1-4738-1903-0|page=54}}</ref>
Released after being captured at Formigny, Kyriell was a Member of [[Parliament of England|Parliament]], representing [[Kent (UK Parliament constituency)|Kent]] in the Parliaments of 1455-56 and 1460-61.<ref name="ODNB"/> There he showed himself a [[Yorkist]], by his opposition to [[Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset]].<ref>{{cite book|author=David Nicolle|title=The Fall of English France 1449-53|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=auuR-L_ZDnYC&pg=PA21|date=20 February 2012|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1-78096-035-7|page=21}}</ref> He was openly a Yorkist commander by 1460, as heavy fighting began in the [[Wars of the Roses]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Malcolm Mercer|title=The Medieval Gentry: Power, Leadership and Choice During the Wars of the Roses|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7SFdai_9lz8C&pg=PA41|year=2010|publisher=A&C Black|isbn=978-1-4411-9064-2|page=41}}</ref> [[Warwick the Kingmaker]] had Kyriell elected to the [[Order of the Garter]] on 8 February 1461, with himself and two others.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Peter Burley|author2=Michael Elliot|author3=Harvey Watson|title=The Battles of St Albans|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=43Z-AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA54|date=9 September 2013|publisher=Pen and Sword|isbn=978-1-4738-1903-0|page=54}}</ref>

At the [[Second Battle of St Albans]], eight days later, Kyriell was on the losing side captured while guarding the king, [[Henry VI of England]], who was a Yorkist prisoner. [[Margaret of Anjou]] had [[Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales]] pronounce the fate of the Yorkist guard, and they were beheaded.

==Family==
Kyriel married Cicely, daughter of the Somerset Member of Parliament [[John Stourton (died 1438)|John Stourton]], whose first husband was John Hill of Spaxton.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1386-1421/member/stourton-john-i-1438|title=''Stourton, John I (d.1438), of Preston Plucknett, Som.'', History of Parliament Online|access-date=20 December 2014}}</ref>


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}


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[[Category:1461 deaths]]
[[Category:1461 deaths]]
[[Category:English army officers]]
[[Category:English army officers]]
[[Category:People from Kent]]
[[Category:People from Folkestone and Hythe District]]
[[Category:Knights of the Garter]]
[[Category:English MPs 1455]]
[[Category:English MPs 1461]]

Latest revision as of 21:06, 21 February 2024

Coat of arms of Sir Thomas Kyriell

Sir Thomas Kyriell (1396–18 February 1461) was an English soldier of the Hundred Years' War and the opening of the Wars of the Roses. He was executed after the Second Battle of St Albans.[1]

Background[edit]

The de Criol, Kyriel or Kyriell family built up a position in Kent, where they fortified Westenhanger Castle, from the middle of the 14th century.[2]

Military career[edit]

Kyriell served under Henry V of England in Normandy, and in 1436 held the fortress at Le Crotoy in Picardy.[3] He served under John, Lord Talbot at this period, around Rouen, and was created knight-banneret by 1443.[1] He led the English forces in the 1450 French victory, the Battle of Formigny.[4]

Released after being captured at Formigny, Kyriell was a Member of Parliament, representing Kent in the Parliaments of 1455-56 and 1460-61.[1] There he showed himself a Yorkist, by his opposition to Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset.[5] He was openly a Yorkist commander by 1460, as heavy fighting began in the Wars of the Roses.[6] Warwick the Kingmaker had Kyriell elected to the Order of the Garter on 8 February 1461, with himself and two others.[7]

At the Second Battle of St Albans, eight days later, Kyriell was on the losing side captured while guarding the king, Henry VI of England, who was a Yorkist prisoner. Margaret of Anjou had Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales pronounce the fate of the Yorkist guard, and they were beheaded.

Family[edit]

Kyriel married Cicely, daughter of the Somerset Member of Parliament John Stourton, whose first husband was John Hill of Spaxton.[8]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c Curry, Anne. "Kyriell, Sir Thomas". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/50135. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. ^ Roy D. Ingleton (2012). Fortress Kent. Casemate Publishers. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-84884-888-7.
  3. ^ David Grummitt (2008). The Calais Garrison: War and Military Service in England, 1436-1558. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. p. 68. ISBN 978-1-84383-398-7.
  4. ^ Adrian R. Bell; Anne Curry; Andy King; David Simpkin (12 September 2013). The Soldier in Later Medieval England. Oxford University Press. p. 82. ISBN 978-0-19-968082-5.
  5. ^ David Nicolle (20 February 2012). The Fall of English France 1449-53. Osprey Publishing. p. 21. ISBN 978-1-78096-035-7.
  6. ^ Malcolm Mercer (2010). The Medieval Gentry: Power, Leadership and Choice During the Wars of the Roses. A&C Black. p. 41. ISBN 978-1-4411-9064-2.
  7. ^ Peter Burley; Michael Elliot; Harvey Watson (9 September 2013). The Battles of St Albans. Pen and Sword. p. 54. ISBN 978-1-4738-1903-0.
  8. ^ "Stourton, John I (d.1438), of Preston Plucknett, Som., History of Parliament Online". Retrieved 20 December 2014.
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