Élan vital

Élan vital ( French for "life momentum") is a term coined by the French philosopher Henri Bergson in 1907 in his work L'évolution créatrice ("The creative evolution") to denote a creative development tendency inherent in evolution and biological life processes should manifest itself ontogenetically and phylogenetically as the will to form and differentiate.

For the psychologist Eugène Minkowski , the Élan vital is not just a general vitality, but a directed striving towards the realization of an action or a work.

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^ Henri Bergson: L'évolution créatrice. 1907, pp. 59-64
↑ Eugène Minkowski: The lived time. Authorized German translation by Meinrad Perrez and Lucien Kayser. Vol. I. On the temporal aspect of life. Otto Müller Verlag Salzburg 1971, 51. Quoted from: Otto Friedrich Bollnow : Review: Eugène Minkowski: Die gelebte Zeit , Zeitschrift für Pädagogik, 19 vol. 1973, No. 1, pp. 149–155, 150 ( online )

[1] Henri Bergson: L'évolution créatrice. 1907, pp. 59-64

[2] Eugène Minkowski: The lived time. Authorized German translation by Meinrad Perrez and Lucien Kayser. Vol. I. On the temporal aspect of life. Otto Müller Verlag Salzburg 1971, 51. Quoted from: Otto Friedrich Bollnow : Review: Eugène Minkowski: Die gelebte Zeit , Zeitschrift für Pädagogik, 19 vol. 1973, No. 1, pp. 149–155, 150 ( online )