ʿAbdallāh ibn Masʿūd

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Abdullah bin Mesud reads the Koran in front of the Koreishites in Mecca (miniature from Siyer-i-Nebi 1595 AD)

ʿAbdallāh ibn Masʿūd ( Arabic عبد الله بن مسعودdied 652/32 AH ) was one of the most important companions of the Prophet Mohammed and one of the first Muslims, according to Islamic tradition the eighth. He is an important narrator of hadith and plays an important role in the transmission of the Quran text .

At the time of the Caliph ʿUmar ibn al-Chattāb he was appointed governor of Kufa .

Ibn Masud had prepared his own compilation of the Koran, which was widespread and appreciated at the time of his governorship in Kufa. This version of the Koran deliberately did not include the first sura ( al-Fātiha ) because he saw it as a prayer and not as part of the Koran. When the caliph ʿUthmān declared the version of Zaid ibn Thābit to be the only valid one and gave the order to have all other versions destroyed, Abd Allah initially refused to hand over his version. Muslim authors tend to interpret this refusal to mean that he was emotionally attached to his copy and not that he thought his own text was better than the text of Zaid ibn Thabit.

Like Umar, ʿAbdallāh ibn Masʿūd forbade women to participate in Friday prayer, arguing that they were naked ( ʿaura ) and distracted the men from prayer. In various hadith works he is quoted in connection with the request to women: “Go home. That's better for you. "

Ibn Masʿūd said: “Damned is he who is already damned in the womb; Blessed is he who is already blessed in the womb (= destined for eternal bliss). ”This played an important role in the Islamic discussions about predestination and was spread in an expanded form as a hadith .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. Cf. Christopher Melchert: "Whether to keep women out of the Mosque: A Survey of Medieval Islamic Law" in Authority, Privacy and Public Order in Islam: Proceedings of the 22nd Congress of l'Union Européenne des Arabisants et Islamisants. Edited by B. Michalak-Pikulska and A. Pikulsi. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 148. Leuven: Peeters, 2006 p. 59–69, here 61 and Ḫ.ʿU. as-Sabṭ: al-Iḫtilāṭ baina l-ǧinsain fī l-mīzān . Riyadh 1432h. P. 28 (there further job references).
  2. Quotation from Josef van Ess: Between Ḥadīṯ and theology: Studies on the emergence of predestinian tradition . Berlin [u. a.]: de Gruyter, 1975. p. 20.
  3. See van Ess 1975, 1-32.