List of kinship terms of Turkish
The Turkish has differentiated distinction between relationships. This applies to both the consanguineous and the in-laws. In the case of uncles and aunts and cousins, a distinction is made between the maternal and paternal lines. In addition to the general term kayın, there are different terms for “sister of the wife”, the “sister of the husband” and the “wife of the brother”. A special feature are the terms bacanak and elti for men, the sisters and women who have married brothers.
In everyday life, family names are often used as salutations. In traditional Turkish families, women almost exclusively address each other using kinship names. It is considered disrespectful to address older people by name.
background
The lineage (Turkish sülale ) consists of three to twenty households in the traditional village community. Marriage connects two families, strengthens social relationships and ensures offspring. In dealing with the sexes, particular importance is attached to modesty and honor . Reputation is of central importance for a man's position . The head of the family represents the family and is expected to defend the honor of female family members. The son must not contradict the father and, for example, not smoke or drink alcohol in his presence.
A.
Abi: older brother, today's pronunciation of ağabey .
Abla: older sister, respectful form of address also for unrelated women.
Ağabey: older brother, respectful form of address for men even without family ties. Ağabey is a combination of Agha and the Turkish form of address Bey (Herr ...), which in turn is derived from the title Bey . "Agha" comes from Mongolian and already describes the older brother there.
Amca: brother of the father. Honorable form of address for an older man.
Amca kızı: Base, daughter of the father's brother.
Amca oğlu: cousin, son of the father's brother. Family marriage is still widespread. This applies in particular to the marriage of a young woman with the son of the father brother ( amca oğlu )
Ana, Anna or Anne: mother (Lallwort).
Anneanne: Maternal grandmother.
Ata: father, ancestor. In many Turkic languages "Ata" is both an honorary title and a salutation for the father.
Avrat: Pejorative term for the wife
B.
Baba: Father ( Lallwort ), also a religious dignitary among the Bektashi .
Babaanne: paternal grandmother.
Bacanak: Relationship between men who have married sisters.
Bacı: sister, popular salutation
Baldız: sister of the wife. One of the earliest records is the diwān lughāt at-turk of Mahmud al-Kāshgharī . There, "baldız" refers to the wife's sister who is older than you.
Bibi: Father's sister, see Hala.
Birader: Brother, familiar form of address among men. A Persian borrowing, which in the Persian kinship terms next peder and damat received
büyükanne: grandmother.
Büyükbaba: grandfather.
D.
Damat : son-in-law, also nickname of Ottoman statesmen who married a daughter of the Sultan such as Damat İbrahim Pascha
Dayı: brother of the mother.
Dayı kızı: Base, daughter of the mother's brother.
Dayı oğlu: cousin, son of mother's brother.
Dede: Grandfather, spiritual leader among the Alevis .
Duür: addressing the parents of the groom and the bride to one another. The Dünürcü is the bride shower .
E.
Ebeveyn: the parents; also ana baba
Elti: Relationship between women who have married brothers.
Enişte: sister's husband, or aunt's husband
Eş: spouse
Emmi: uncle, father's brother.
G
Gelin: Bride, daughter-in-law. The word for bride or daughter-in-law is derived from gelmek (to come), as it traditionally comes into the husband's household. This period ( gelinlik ) was and is viewed as particularly difficult for the young woman due to the separation from the family of origin and the low reputation of the bride.
Görümce: sister of the husband.
Güvey: Son-in-law.
H
Hala: Father's sister.
Hala kızı: Base, daughter of the father's sister.
Hala oğlu: cousin, son of the father's sister.
İ
İçgüvey: Son-in-law who lives in the in-laws' house.
K
Kardeş: brother or sister. Salutation for the younger brother or for boys and young men without a family relationship.
Karı: wife.
Kayın (Kayınço): brother-in-law, brother of the wife or husband.
Kayınbaba: father-in-law.
Kayınbirader: Brother-in-law.
Kaynana (Kayınvalide): mother-in-law.
Kaynata (Kayınpeder): father-in-law.
Kız: daughter.
Kızkardeş: sister.
Koca: husband.
Kuma: concubine, second wife
Kuzen: cousin.
Kuzin: cousin.
N
Nine: Grandmother.
O
Oğul: son. The word often occurs in the suffix form -oğlu in Turkish family names.
P
Peder: Father, outdated term from Persian.
R.
Refik: husband, outdated designation, literally "companion" (Arabic).
Refika: wife, outdated term.
T
Teyze kızı: Base, daughter of the mother's sister.
Teyze oğlu: cousin, son of mother's sister.
Teyze: Mother's sister. Salutation to a woman the age of her own mother.
Torun: grandchildren.
Ü
Üvey Anne: stepmother.
Üvey Baba: stepfather.
Üvey Kardeş: step brother or sister.
V
Valide: mother, outdated respectful term. Valide Sultan was the title of Queen Mother of the ruling Sultan in the Ottoman Empire
Y
Yeğen: nephew, niece.
Yenge: sister-in-law (brother's wife), aunt in law, uncle's wife
Individual evidence
- ^ Klaus Kreiser: Small Turkey Lexicon. Munich 1991, sv family name
- ↑ The Turkish System of Kinship (PDF; 302 kB) (PDF; 302 kB)
- ^ Klaus Kreiser: Small Turkey Lexicon. Munich 1991, sister-in-law
- ↑ Annette Metzger and Petra Herhold: On the sex-specific role of women in the Turkish family. Berlin 1982, p. 12
- ↑ Andrea Petersen: Honor and Shame. The ratio of the sexes in Turkey. Berlin 1985, p. 51