anomaly

The title of this article is ambiguous. Further meanings are listed under Anomaly (disambiguation) .

Anomalie (plural: die anomalien ) is a foreign word from the Greek and means "irregularity", the associated adjective is anomalous in German .

etymology

Anomaly is to Latin model borrowed from ancient Greek ἀνωμαλία ( Anomalia "unevenness irregularity"), which from the adjective ἀνώμαλος ( anómalos "uneven, irregular"), that is from the negation ( αν -, Toggle ) of ὁμαλός ( homalós "is equal to , even, smooth "), is derived. The word is therefore not related to the ancient Greek νόμος ( nómos "custom, custom, law"), but was referred to early on.

Etymologically, there is also no relationship with the Latin word norma ( "guideline rule") and Latin abnormis ( "the rule notwithstanding"), which over the French mediated German borrowing abnormally actually the more important "unnatural, conspicuous (or as a result of Disturbance) deviating from the norm ”. In German, however, abnormal and abnormal have mixed up: the different nuances of the meanings of abnormal and abnormal have been largely leveled out by frequent interchangeable use, and the mixed words abnormal and abnormal were created .

use

• In software testing , an anomaly is a condition that deviates from what is expected. This deviation can come from the documentation or from the point of view / perception or experience of a person. An anomaly is not necessarily a problem in the software. It can e.g. B. also indicate an improvement in the test object if it is functioning correctly - e.g. B. Ease of use . An anomaly can also be caused by something other than the software, e.g. B. a test case is executed incorrectly: in this case the software would be correct according to the specification, but the test would then have been executed incorrectly.
• In physics and geosciences, the numerical deviation of measured (possibly topographically corrected) values ​​of a potential field from a mathematically defined value in the reference system :
  • Gravity anomaly , a local anomaly of the acceleration of gravity
  • magnetic anomaly in the earth's magnetic field and test bodies
  • electrical anomaly in earth and other currents
• in medicine a congenital or later malformation of an organ , or z. B. chromosomal abnormalities
  • in developmental psychology : z. B. Resistance, IQ anomaly
• in Thomas S. Kuhn's philosophy of science a phenomenon that cannot be explained by a scientific paradigm .

See also

Wiktionary: anomaly  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Kluge, Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, edited by Elmar Seebold, 23., Erw. Ed., Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1995, p. 42 (“anomalous”), cf. P. 7 (" abnormal "), p. 22 ("enormous"), p. 591 ("enormous")
2. ↑ IEEE : IEEE 1044-1993: Standard Classification for Software Anomalies. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., New York, USA, 1994, ISBN 1-55937-383-0 , p. 1.