Exchange

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The exchange is a situation in the game of chess in which a piece captures an opposing figure and is then captured itself. In a narrower sense we speak only of a defrost when the two captured pieces same exchange value have, otherwise, from a victim in particular an exchange sacrifice if a tower against a bishop or knight is exchanged. An exchange does not change the material balance. Nevertheless, an exchange can have significant consequences:

  • A pawn swap changes the pawn structure of a game. B. Lines are opened.
  • If the captured piece is covered by a pawn, repelling changes the pawn structure. This can be advantageous if this opens lines or diagonals for your own pieces, but it can also be disadvantageous, for example through the creation of double pawns . Also Isolanis caused by Bauer Captures. Whether they are strong or weak depends on the position.
  • By exchanging an attacking figure, the continuation of the attack is made more difficult. Conversely, exchanging a defense piece can weaken the defense. Most of the time, however, the more passive side benefits from a piece swap.
  • The exchange makes small material differences more noticeable. Therefore, the side that has a material advantage will usually seek the exchange and the opposing side will tend to avoid it.
  • The reduction of the total number of pieces on the chessboard by exchanging is also called simplification of positions . In this sense, exchanging queens has a particularly strong effect. It leads to the fact that the game from the middlegame moves more towards the endgame . The side that hopes to gain an advantage from a transition to the endgame, because it z. B. owns a passed pawn is therefore more likely to swap pieces than the opposing side. A positional simplification is sometimes used simply to avoid complicated tactical calculations, e.g. B. because the player in question is short of time.
  • Jumper and runner have the same exchange value. This means that they are about equally effective on average in all games. However, there are positions in which either the bishop or the jumper appears stronger, so that the exchange of bishop for jumper brings one side at an advantage. This is often the case when the bishop pair is lost for one player through the exchange . In addition, the strategic value of a bishop strongly depends on the position of your own and opposing pawns. If a runner is "strong", the opposing counterpart is often "weak". The exchange of a strong runner for a weak runner is always an advantage for the side with the weak runner.
  • A tempo can be gained by swapping : This is especially the case when the batting piece blocks the path of another of your own pieces. Instead of simply moving the offending figure away, it is sometimes possible to combine moving away with an exchange. See also deduction (chess) . It can also save speed when a figure is traded instead of retreating when attacked.

literature