Adalschalken

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The Adalschalken are first mentioned in writing in the canons of the Synod of Dingolfing ; they are under Duke Tassilo III. , but probably already under his father Odilo , a prominent group of the prince's servants ( servi principis , also known as noble servants or ducal free ).

Special rights

. In Article 7 of Dingolfing decision taken at the Synod decisions Adalschalken is the right to wergild for manslaughter one of their granted ( "De eo quod, ut servi principis qui dicuntur adalscalhae, ut habeant Suam werageldam iuxta morem, quem habuerunt sub parentibus; et ceteri minores werageldi iuxta legem suam: ita constituit. " ). But they are among the minor servants ( ceteri minores ), apparently referring to the Lex Baiuvariorum .

This group of people is also equated with the ducal perch , who assumed a hybrid position between free and slaves . They have already been given ducal fiefs ( beneficia ) by Odilo , which were also hereditary. They could therefore sometimes appear as traders of goods - for example to the Niederalteich monastery - and thus could dispose of their goods. These transfers of goods also created a closer bond with the duke. It is pointed out, however, that these ducal free did not have the possibility of a connubium with aristocrats , whereby it cannot be ruled out that they nevertheless married aristocratic women ( mulier nobilis ) who then lost their status.

With the fall of Tassilo in 788, the Adalschalken lost their master and became free servants , barschalken or simply free .

literature

  • Joachim Jahn : Ducatus Baiuvariorum: The Bavarian Duchy of the Agilolfinger . Hiersemann, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3777291080 .
  • Wilhelm Störmer : Early nobility. Studies on the political leadership in the Frankish-German Empire from the 8th to 11th centuries (= monographs on the history of the Middle Ages). Stuttgart, Hiersemann 1973, ISBN 3777273074 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Joachim Jahn, 1991, p. 250.
  2. ^ Synod of Dingolfing on the homepage of the city of Dingolfing, accessed on May 26, 2019.
  3. ↑ Joachim Jahn, 1991, p. 199.
  4. ^ Wilhelm Störmer, 1973, p. 17.