Aerometer

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The aerometer ( or Ärometer , from ancient Greek ἀήρ aēr " air " and μέτρον métron " measure , yardstick") are various devices used to characterize or handle gases . If the term measuring devices are used, they can be used to determine the density , the current or the amount of a gas.

Hydrometers (from ancient Greek ἀραιός araiós "thin"), that is, density meters for liquids , were and are often referred to as aerometers or confused with them.

Executions

Hall aerometer
In 1818, Marshall Hall proposed an instrument called an aerometer , which could be used to draw conclusions about the volume under comparative conditions during experiments with gases under changing external conditions (pressure, temperature, humidity). The instrument worked according to barometric principles.
Hutchinson aerometer
Hutchinson's Patent Aerometer was a device used in the 19th century to measure the flow of gas in or out of gas storage facilities .
Struvé aerometer
In mining (especially coal mining) around 1900 in systems for ventilating mines (Struvé ventilator) the pistons were called aerometers.
Scheurer aerometer
Around 1900 A. Scheurer described a device for determining the amount of air in steam tubs as an aerometer.
Smith aerometer
An electro aerometer described by Smith (1960) and van den Berg (1962) is a device for measuring air currents in language research and medicine. There are two rubber membranes in the device that form a valve and which open when you speak into the device through the air flow generated. The opening is illuminated and the transmitted light is directed to a photodiode . The electrical signal generated there characterizes the size of the opening and thus the airflow when speaking.
Aerometer according to Frøkjær-Jensen
Other commercial devices known as electro-aerometers for medical and linguistic research applications were offered by Børge Frøkjær-Jensen, Denmark in the second half of the 20th century.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Marshall Hall: Description of an Aerometer for making the necessary Corrections in Pneumatic Experiments, for reducing the Volumes of the Gases to a given Standard. The Journal of science and the arts, Volume 5, J. Eastburn & Co., 1818, page 52 online at Google Books
  2. ↑ Mechanics' Magazine, No. 655, February 27, 1836. Online at Google Books
  3. ^ Gresley, William Stukeley: A glossary of terms used in coal mining, E. & FN Spon London, New York 1883, page 273, full text on archive.org
  4. ^ Thomas John Taylor, On the progressive application of machinery for mining purposes. In: Proceedings, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Birmingham 1859, page 32 online on Google Books and in The Civil engineer and architect's journal, Volume 22, 1859, page 279 Google Books
  5. ↑ A. Scheurer: Aerometer to determine the amount of air present in steam tubs. Journal of the German Society for Mechanics and Optics, German Society for Mechanics and Optics, J. Springer., 1900, page 86
  6. ↑ Ronald J. Baken, Robert F. Orlikoff: Clinical measurement of speech and voice Speech Science. Cengage Learning, 2000, page 351. ISBN 1565938690 Online at Google Books
  7. ^ S. Smith: The electro aerometer. In: Speech, Pathology and Therapy, 1960, Volume 3, pages 27-33. ISSN  0584-8687
  8. ↑ Phonation types. In Phonetics, Working Papers. (1987). WPP, No. 67: Studies of Phonation Types. UC Los Angeles: Department of Linguistics, UCLA, 31. Online
  9. ↑ Børge Frøkjær-Jensen, Medical Company: Online ( Memento from October 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive )