Academician
As academicians (formerly academics ) are especially deserving scientists and artists referred to in an Academy of Sciences and the Arts were chosen. This is considered to be one of the highest honors in the academic field.
Not only states, but also larger federal states have science and art academies.
An academy itself has no teaching, but often runs special research institutes . Their work consists in joint meetings of their members who present their research results. These presentations are published periodically in meeting reports or papers.
Election of academy members
As a rule, only those who are nominated by two other members and who are chosen by the respective “class” (art, basic or natural sciences) can be accepted. The number of members is usually limited in order to prevent possible personal influence (for example this number is 200 in Saxony). Older academy members aged 70 and over are no longer included in this number.
The traditional rights of ordinary academy members include the ability to make nominations for new academy members who belong to one of four categories: Corresponding (KM), Ordinary (OM), Foreign (AW) and Honorary Members (EM).
While intensive scientific disputes are only usual in special cases in academy meetings today, this function of the learned society was the most important in earlier centuries - especially at the most famous, the Paris Academy . Today most academies focus on the publication and promotion of scientific work and the operation of their own research institutes .
Most of the academy members are college professors . In exceptional cases, the choice of other, particularly deserving personalities is also possible. A special example of this was the trained optician Josef Fraunhofer , who was admitted to the Bavarian Academy in 1823 at the age of 36 and without any academic training.
Individual evidence
- ^ Definition of academician , Duden . Retrieved February 16, 2015.
- ^ Saxon Academy of Sciences ; accessed on March 15, 2018.
