Active plate
Active plates are individually made, removable braces that are available as upper and lower jaw plates. Active means here that they exert forces, as opposed to passive plates that are used for retention . As such, however, they can continue to be used when they have achieved the treatment goal and are not further adjusted (activated).
Active plates have a rigid body that externally resembles that of dentures , but is often colored and made of plexiglass ( PMMA ), more rarely of deep-drawn thermoplastics. There are holding elements and active elements. The plate body extends into the interdental spaces, providing good anchoring for tooth movements , and often covers the palate in the upper jaw. Triangular brackets serving as holding elements can also be activated, for which purpose the target position of the tooth is to be released by grinding out the plastic. The active elements can be springs, screws or elastic components (regulating silicone). There are miniaturized single-tooth screws, sector screws and, on the other hand, larger screws that make the width or length of the entire plate adjustable.
history
Based on materials and experience in dental prosthetics, active plates were developed by Charles F. Nord as a means of inexpensive folk orthodontics. After 1930, AM Schwarz and employees developed many variants and designed various screw elements that patients can adjust themselves according to instructions.
Until around 1980, active plates together with activators were the predominant means of orthodontic treatment in the growth phase in German-speaking countries. This approach was relatively inexpensive.
Application and effect
Active plates have their strength in the mixed dentition phase, but also in the deciduous dentition with cross bites , where a short application over a few months is usually sufficient. By correcting sagittal (longitudinal), transversal (transverse) and, to a limited extent, vertical anomalies, you can achieve the necessary arch congruence and classify growing teeth.
Active plates do not correct as precisely as correction splints or the common fixed bracket appliances , but give the teeth more freedom to find their stable, toothed positions individually. This means that the tendency to recurrence is lower with this method, provided it is used in good time.
In their construction and adaptation, interfering protruding parts are to be avoided. Damaged active disks can often be repaired. But just as with other braces, the mistake of trying to compensate for longitudinal space deficits with more width or width deficits in the longitudinal direction (sagittal) should not be made.
swell
- ↑ Tränkmann, J. (1996): The updated plate apparatus in orthodontics. Orthodontics 10: 95-110
- ↑ Tränkmann, J. (1999): Implementation of the clinical necessities on a plate apparatus. Quintessenz Zahntech 25: 675-686
