al-Musta'in bi-llah

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al-Musta'īn bi-llāh , Arabic المستعين بالله ، أحمد بن محمد, DMG al-Mustaʿīn bi-ʾllāh Aḥmad b. Muhammad (* 836 , † 17 October 866 ) was the twelfth Caliph of the Abbasid (862-866).

Abu l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Mu'tasim al-Musta'in was installed as the grandson of al-Mu'tasim in 862 to succeed al-Muntasir (861-862) by the Turks . Al-Ṭabarī reports that the Turkish military took care not to elevate any descendants of al-Mutawakkil to the throne, otherwise they would face the risk of being held accountable for the murder of this caliph.

First some unrest in Syria had to be suppressed and attacks by the Byzantines (863) had to be repulsed. Al-Musta'in also tried to limit the influence of some Turkish troop leaders. When it came to conspiracies and unrest among the Turkish troops, he fled Samarra to Baghdad in February 865 .

Since al-Musta'in refused to return to Samarra, the opposition Turks made al-Muʿtazz caliph in Samarra. This led to the civil war in Iraq , in which the troops of the caliph al-Muʿtazz besieged Baghdad. Al-Musta'in was supported by the Tahirids , but they were bound by the uprising of al-Hasan ibn Zaid in Tabaristan . When al-Musta'in's Turkish troops overflowed into the opposing camp after eventful battles, he had to surrender and abdicate on January 11, 866. Despite security guarantees, he was murdered on the way to his exile in Wāsiṭ in southern Iraq at the instigation of al-Muʿtazz (October 17, 866).

The civil war between al-Musta'in and al-Muʿtazz represented the last attempt by the Arab and Iranian population groups to break the Turkish domination in the army and administration. That is why al-Musta'in was supported primarily from the Iranian provinces and Iraq.

literature

  • Matthew Gordon: The Breaking of a Thousand Swords: A History of the Turkish Military of Samarra (AH 200-275 / 815-889 CE) . State University of New York Press, Albany 2001. ISBN 0-7914-4795-2 .
  • Hugh N. Kennedy : The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates. The Islamic Near East from the sixth to the eleventh century . Pearson, 2nd edition, Harlow et al. 2004 (original 1986). ISBN 978-1-13878760-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Hugh N. Kennedy: The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates. The Islamic Near East from the sixth to the eleventh century , Harlow et al. 2004, p. 171.
  2. ^ Matthew Gordon: The Breaking of a Thousand Swords: A History of the Turkish Military of Samarra (AH 200-275 / 815-889 CE) , Albany 2001, p. 91.
  3. ^ A b Hugh N. Kennedy: The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates. The Islamic Near East from the sixth to the eleventh century , Harlow et al. 2004, p. 172.
  4. ^ Matthew Gordon: The Breaking of a Thousand Swords: A History of the Turkish Military of Samarra (AH 200-275 / 815-889 CE) , Albany 2001, p. 97.
predecessor Office successor
al-Muntasir Caliph of the Abbasid
862-866 		al-Muʿtazz
personal data
SURNAME bi-llāh, al-Musta'īn
ALTERNATIVE NAMES المستعين بالله, أحمد بن محمد (Arabic); al-Mustaʿīn bi-ʾllāh Aḥmad b. Muḥammad (DMG transcription)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Abbasid Caliph
DATE OF BIRTH 836
DATE OF DEATH October 17, 866