Albahaus

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Southern street view of the Albahaus

The Albahaus is one of the oldest town houses in Jemgum, East Frisia . The building was erected in 1567 by Heuwe Syrt in the style of the Frisian stone houses. It has only been known by this name since the 1920s, when local research suspected that the Spanish Duke Alba stayed here after the Battle of Jemgum in 1568.

Surname

Until the 1930s, the grounds of the Albahaus were known as Burgplatz . In the 1920s, the local history researcher Wilhelm Siebrands Itzen (1861-1946) from Weener expressed the assumption, for which there was no historical evidence, that Duke Alba had stayed here. The popular name was promoted by the creation of legends, to which the long-time house owner Johann Folten (born October 26, 1907, † May 4, 1983) contributed.

history

The building is located on Lange Straße near Kreuzstraße and is connected to the former Burgplatz, the Westerwierde. Heuwe Syrt (ken) (1522–1595), a descendant of the Jemgum chief Syrt Heuwen, who was attested in 1480, had a permanent house built directly on Lange Strasse. A building inscription on the west gable attests to the builder and the year of construction in 1567. To the north behind the Albahaus stood the old Jemgum castle ( Meckenas Borg ), which served as a residence for the local chief families . This castle was demolished in the 1680s because it was lost and gypsies lived there.

The Albahaus probably remained in the family for several generations. By marriage, the house came to the family of the Emden mayor de Pottere in the 18th century and then to the mayor family Suur. Pastor Anton Gabriel Meder married into the de Pottere family in 1783 and thus took over the Albahaus. It is assumed that the house was rebuilt around 1820, in the course of which the stepped gable was straightened and the hipped roof was created. Of the four digits of a year that can be found at the entrance, the first two have been preserved, 1 and 8. In the 1840s, the farmer Ottje Harms Schmidt bought the building from the Meder heirs before Roelf Everts Reins bought it around 1900 who also owned the brickyard.

To the right of the house was a barn that belonged to the property and burned down in 1909. A house was built in their place. In 1930 the local assembly thought about setting up the house as a communal church office, which was soon rejected. Johann Folten then lived in the house from the 1930s and the von Safft family from 1983. In 1986, while gardening, a fragment of a chimney stone was discovered which, in addition to the year of construction 1567, contains a house brand with a coat of arms and the letters T and H, which could indicate Teelke Houwen, the daughter of Heuwe Syrt's grandson.

Building description

Gable view with sandstone bands
East side with walled-up windows under the round arches

The Albahaus belongs to the type of Frisian stone houses and is important for the architectural history of these stone houses due to the largely preserved original condition. The single-storey brick building has a rectangular floor plan measuring 9.20 × 14.60 meters and faces north-south. The outer walls are 0.5 meters thick. The 0.3 meter thick, load-bearing inner wall in north-south direction seems to be original, while the thinner transverse walls were added later.

Three horizontal bands made of Obernkirchen sandstone in the gable area, which are provided with two moralizing sayings in Dutch , structure the front view. The name of the builder with the year 1567 and the house brand is affixed in a cartridge below the lowest band.

"BETRVT NYT VP IV APPLIES NOR VP V GVT NOR VP FLEYSCH OFT BLOT - WANT AS IW APPLIES VND GVT BEGYNT TE MYNDRN SO VERLATE V ALL PEOPLE KINDR - HOLT DIC REIN NEDRYC VND KLYN - THINKS VP THE ROOF DE NEMANT HEV VERBI MACHINE ANNo 1567 "

"Trust neither in your money, nor in your goods, nor in flesh or blood / because when your money and goods begin to decline, all people leave you / keep yourself pure, low and small / think of the day from which no one escapes / Heuwe Syrt in 1567 "

- Inscriptions on the gable front

The half-hip roof was probably created by demolishing the original gable top. The design of the three large windows and door on the ground floor is also not authentic. Of the three small gable windows, the two outer ones are still preserved, while the middle one is walled up today. A round arch is built over each window. The division and width of the upper windows will originally have been matched on the ground floor, so that two windows and a door in the same position and width as on the upper floor can be assumed on the first floor.

The house was originally divided into two rooms on the ground floor, as is the case with non-rural East Frisian houses in the second half of the 16th century. The larger room was presumably used as a kitchen, the smaller as a "traffic area", which allowed access from the outside and to the other rooms.

literature

  • Kurt Asche: Town houses in East Frisia. Soltau-Kurier, Norden 1992, ISBN 3-922365-39-6 (Library Ostfriesland, Vol. 10).
  • Kurt Asche: Six stone houses in the Ems Dollart region . In: All about Ems and Dollart . Groningen / Leer 1992, pp. 110-126.
  • Ursula Busemann : Old families of the Rheiderland and their relationship to Soltborg and the Albahaus . In: Sources and research on East Frisian family history and heraldry . Vol. 47, 1998, pp. 2-18.
  • Bernhard Koerner: German gender book (Genealogical handbook of civil families) . Vol. 134, CA Starke, Limburg ad Lahn 1963.
  • Gerhard Kronsweide: Jemgum. The eye of the Reiderland. Historical points of view and moments of a village in East Friesland . Jemgum 2013.
  • Gerhard Kronsweide: Jemgumer House Register (11). In: dit un 'dat , No. 33, April 1999, pp. 15-18.
  • East Frisian landscape (ed.): Kulturwege R (h) eiderland. Cultural and historical walks in East Friesland and Groningen . East Frisian Landscape, Aurich 2011, ISBN 978-3-940601-10-0 , p. 110f.
  • Eberhard Pühl: Old brick houses in East Friesland and Jeverland: brick buildings from the 15th to 19th centuries . Isensee, Oldenburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-89995-323-7 , p. 155.
  • Wolfgang Rüther: House construction between national and economic history. The Krummhörn farmhouses from the 16th to the 20th century. Diss. Münster 1999 ( online ; PDF file; 1.82 MB).
  • Ernst Andreas Friedrich: The Herzog-Alba-Haus in Jemgum , pp. 140-141, in: If stones could talk , Volume II, Landbuch-Verlag, Hanover 1992, ISBN 3-7842-0479-1 .

Web links

Commons : Albahaus  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
  • Gerhard Kronsweide (local chronicle of the East Frisian landscape): Jemgum (PDF file; 76 kB)
  • jemgum.de

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Kronsweide: Jemgum - The eye of the Reiderland . 2012, p. 28.
  2. ↑ a b c Kronsweide: Jemgum - The eye of the Reiderland . 2012, p. 32.
  3. ↑ genealogieonline.nl: Heuwe Syrtken , accessed May 29, 2012.
  4. ↑ Ostfriesische Landschaft (Ed.): Kulturwege R (h) eiderland. Cultural and historical walks in East Friesland and Groningen . East Frisian Landscape, Aurich 2011, ISBN 978-3-940601-10-0 , p. 110.
  5. ^ Yearbook of the Society for Fine Arts and Patriotic Antiquities in Emden . Vol. 34, 1936, p. 13 (PDF file; 13.1 MB) ( online (PDF file; 13.19 MB), viewed June 6, 2012.
  6. ↑ Kronsweide: Jemgum - The eye of the Reiderland . 2012, p. 29.
  7. ↑ Dit un 'dat , No. 32, December 1998, p. 20.
  8. ↑ Dit un 'dat , No. 5, February 1991, p. 2.
  9. ↑ a b c d Kurt Asche: Six stone houses in the Ems Dollart region. In: All about Ems and Dollart . Groningen / Leer 1992, pp. 118f.
  10. ^ Ashes: Six stone houses in the Ems Dollart region . 1992, pp. 118f.
  11. ^ Rüther: House building between national and economic history . 1999, p. 92.

Coordinates: 53 ° 15 ′ 52.6 "  N , 7 ° 23 ′ 4.1"  E