Alexei Wassiljewitsch Schubnikow

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Alexei Wassiljewitsch Schubnikow ( Russian Алексей Васильевич Шубников ; born March 29, 1887 in Moscow , † April 27, 1970 ) was a Russian crystallographer and mathematician .

Schubnikow was the founder and first director of the Institute for Crystallography (named after him after his death) of the Academy of Sciences in Moscow.

He is known for his research in the 1950s on the Shubnikov groups named after him with many applications in crystallography and solid state physics, especially in the areas of magnetism and ferroelectricity .

These groups were introduced by Heinrich Heesch in 1929 and are therefore also called Heesch-Shubnikov groups today.

Schubnikow was a member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences and co-founder of the International Union of Crystallography IUCr .

Fonts

  • Crystals in science and technology. 1958.
  • with Vladimir A. Koptsik: Symmetry in Science and Art. Plenum Press, New York 1974. (Original in Russian from Nauka, Moscow 1972.)
  • On the works of Pierre Curie on Symmetry . In: Usp. Fiz. Nauk . tape 59 , 1956, pp. 591-602 . (Original Russian, English version in Comput. Math. Applic. 1988, doi : 10.1016 / 0898-1221 (88) 90225-8 )
  • Antisymmetry of textures . In: Soviet Physics Crystall . tape 3 , no. 3 , 1958, pp. 269-273 . (Original Russian, English version in Comput. Math. Applic. 1988, doi : 10.1016 / 0898-1221 (88) 90227-1 )
  • Symmetry of similarity . In: Soviet Physics Crystall . tape 5 , no. 4 , 1961, pp. 469-476 . (Original Russian, English version in Comput. Math. Applic. 1988, doi : 10.1016 / 0898-1221 (88) 90226-X )
  • Autobiographical Data and Personal Reminiscences , In: PP Ewald (Ed.): Fifty Years of X-Ray Diffraction, Conference Proc., 25 July - 31 July 1962, Munich, Germany, Reprinted in pdf format 1999 by International Union of Crystallography (IUCr ) (English)

literature

  • GA Smolensky, GS Zhdanov and LA Shuvalov: In memory of academician AV Shubnikov . In: Ferroelectrics . tape 1 , no. 1 , 1970, p. 191-193 , doi : 10.1080 / 00150197008241484 . (English; obituary, with picture)
  • BK Vainstein: AV Shubnikov and his ideas on modern crystallography . In: Comput. Math. Applic . tape 16 , no. 5-8 , 1988, pp. 351-356 , doi : 10.1016 / 0898-1221 (88) 90224-6 . (English)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ NV Belov , BK Vainshtein: Obituary. Alexey Vasilyevich Shubnikov 1887–1970 , Journal of Applied Crystallography 3, December 1970, pp. 551–552, doi : 10.1107 / S002188987000691X (English; obituary; with picture)
  2. ↑ Johann Jakob Burckhardt : Die Symmetrie der Kristalle , Birkhäuser, 1988, p. 154, calls them black and white groups and points out that he himself dealt with them in 1934 and AM Zamorzaev first in the Russian school
personal data
SURNAME Schubnikow, Alexei Wassiljewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Шубников, Алексей Васильевич (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian crystallographer and mathematician
DATE OF BIRTH March 29, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH April 27, 1970