Alexis (Malting Barley)
Alexis is a two- row barley used as brewing barley to produce malt for the brewing industry . For years it was the leading summer barley variety in Germany and therefore also the standard variety for numerous scientific variety trials in Germany and Europe.
development
The variety was created in 1975 by crossing Br 1622a X Trumpf by the seed breeding company Josef Breun. The variety was approved in 1986 by the Bundessortenamt under the name Alexis in Germany and entered in the German list of varieties . As a descendant of the Trumpf variety, it is a carrier of mlo resistance to powdery mildew ( Erysiphe graminis ssp. Hordei ). She also has the same dwarf gene . With this first combination of short strawiness, powdery mildew resistance and their exceptional brewing quality, Alexis was a milestone in summer brewer first breeding.
At the time of its approval, Alexis also represented an innovation in terms of quality. It was the first barley to have a very high malt extract content with a very high degree of protein dissolution , combined with a high to very high degree of final fermentation and a very high Hartong number with a low friabilimeter value. Alexis owes its excellent malt properties to a medium to high beta-glucan content and very high beta-glucanase activity. Furthermore, Alexis has a strong enzyme activity (VZ45 ° C) and a high diastatic power. Thus it can be described as the first modern high-dissolving brewing barley.
In addition to Germany , Alexis was approved in Spain , Denmark , Ireland , Hungary , Great Britain , France and Italy . Above all, however, in Germany it had a considerable share of the total area under cultivation for a long time, where for more than a decade it was the most important brewing barley in all breweries - large and small. It peaked in 1992 with 9048 hectares of propagation area. In comparison, a Scarlett reached its peak on 6980 hectares in 1997, Barke on only 4603 hectares in 1999 and Marthe on 5456 hectares in 2008. The total German reproduction area of Alexis in the years 1986-2008 was 57 686 hectares. This makes it the variety with the highest growth area of the last 30 years, per year and in total.
Due to its wide distribution and consistently good results, Alexis has become one of the most crossed varieties in Europe and can be described as the " founder " or founding parent of current genetics.
Alexis and populations with Alexis as parents were also used in research. Alexis is named and examined in countless research projects and publications as the European standard brewing barley. Alexis was the standard malting barley in Europe until 2005.
See also:
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c M. P. Herz: Mapping of quantitatively inherited properties including brewing quality and resistance to diseases with molecular markers in barley . Herbert Utz Verlag, Munich 2000.
- ↑ Bundessortenamt: Spring barley - two lines . In: Descriptive Variety List . 1986.
- ↑ a b L. Hartl, G. Schweizer, M. Herz, M. Baumer: Molecular genetic localization of QTL for the malt quality of barley . In: Report on the 51st working conference of the Association of Austrian Plant Breeders, Publishing House and Printing of the Federal Agency for Alpine Agriculture, Gumpenstein . 2000, p. 117-122 .