General education
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At Swiss vocational schools (see Vocational School in Switzerland ), trainees (apprentices) attend general education ( general education ), or ABU for short, in addition to professional knowledge . The subject is supposed to guarantee that apprentices acquire not only the professional knowledge but also the necessary general education during their training.
The subject of general education replaced the general education (subjects: business, German, political and economic studies) with the federal framework curriculum in 1996. The ABU imparts general educational knowledge in a thematic and action-oriented manner . This is based on the conviction that current, complex questions can be dealt with more adequately and more appropriately for learners in a multidisciplinary subject. In addition, a connection between cognitive, social and moral learning is sought. The apprentices deal with the essential questions and problems of the present and the future , taking into account as many senses as possible and with close reference to personal, professional and social reality .
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The subject is divided into two areas of study: society and language and communication . The learning area society is further divided into the eight aspects ethics , identity / socialization , culture , ecology , politics , law , technology and economy . The knowledge to be imparted in the ABU is divided into various, successive topics , which are laid down in a school curriculum (SLP) in every vocational school. The topics are arranged as a whole in the form of a spiral curriculum ( spiral curriculum ). Within each school curriculum topic, the knowledge to be imparted is developed and acquired in a multidisciplinary manner from several aspects and linked with the learning area of language and communication. The knowledge to be conveyed does not follow the interdisciplinary subject logic or systematics in a linear fashion. It is primarily organized under development and learning psychological aspects in the form of a spiral, so that aspects in the course of the apprenticeship are repeatedly on a higher or higher level. more complex level, recur.
The federal framework curriculum from 1996 was revised in 2006, whereby the focus of thematic, multidisciplinary teaching was deliberately retained. The learning area language and communication and related to the CEFR ( Common European Framework of Reference ) has been strengthened.
The framework curriculum applies to the whole of Switzerland and exists in three language versions (German, French, Italian). In French-speaking Switzerland the ABU is called Culture générale , in Italian-speaking Switzerland it is called Cultura generale .
The vocational school teachers responsible for the multidisciplinary subject ABU are trained at the Federal University Institute for Vocational Training SFIVET (German, French and Italian-speaking Switzerland), at the Zurich University of Education ( PHZH) or at the St. Gallen University of Education ( PHSG) . The Swiss Association for General Education (SVABU) represents the professional interests of teachers nationally.