General social service

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The General Social Service (ASD) is a municipal social service in Germany with a very broad range of tasks. In some municipalities, other names are also used, for example in Hanover Municipal Social Service (KSD) or in Munich District Social Work (BSA).

The ASD is to offer holistic help across target groups, problems and offices. As the largest service and essential guarantor of basic social services within a municipality, it can be organizationally assigned to the youth welfare office , the social welfare office or the health department, or it can function as an independent office. In addition, it is in principle possible for each of the above-mentioned offices to be assigned its own social service within a municipality. In practice, however, the extensive responsibility of the ASD arises in 95% of all cases on the legal basis of SGB ​​VIII , which means that the ASD is almost always incorporated into the youth welfare office.

The term general social service is often used synonymously for general social counseling . An essential difference in content, however, is the focus of the ASD on the areas of children, young people, family, upbringing, whereas general social counseling is a much more comprehensive field of social work, with a focus on the areas of help for people in difficult circumstances, social and welfare law ( including SGB ​​II , SGB ​​XII ).

The general social service contrasts with the special social services (BSD). These are, for example, debt counseling or drug counseling, which are more often offered by independent providers.

Principles for the work of the General Social Service

The principles for the work of the ASD are:

  • Orientation towards the world of life : The specialist should adjust to everyday family life, the work situation, lifestyle and leisure activities of the client. You must be able to distance yourself from your own ideas of normality.
  • Holistic: The whole complex reality of the clients must be taken into account. So the overall situation, the complexity of the causes of the problem, the many ways in which help can be given. This can only happen if systemic or ecological approaches are used and all system relationships and sub-levels are taken into account. Clients only have one contact person.
  • Prevention : Preventing problems is more effective and cheaper than solving them.
  • Help for self-help : The clients' own strengths should be strengthened so that they can free themselves from current and future problems.
  • Participation: Clients should be able to exercise their right to participate and work voluntarily.
  • Integration: The exclusion of clients from society should be prevented or reversed.
  • Proximity to the citizen: The help of the ASD must be easily accessible. This often requires a decentralized structure.
  • No separation of back office and field service: help management from a single source.

The extensive catalog of tasks of the ASD is an organizational sequence of the complexity of social problems that require a broad framework for action. The wide range of assignments makes it necessary for the individual employees to develop specializations as in-depth knowledge.

tasks

The tasks of the ASD are, for example:

  • Advice on general education issues
  • Advice on matters of partnership, domestic violence , separation and divorce,
  • Help for children, adolescents and young adults in conflict situations
  • If necessary, mediation of suitable and qualified youth welfare measures (help with education in accordance with the Child and Youth Welfare Act)
  • Protection for children and adolescents in the event of physical, emotional and sexual abuse

The ASD developed out of the municipal family welfare. His area of ​​work is especially the family and their environment, for whose quality of life and / or problem solving both offers of youth welfare, social welfare and health care may be necessary. The services are also geared towards the elderly, the sick and the disabled. The ASD should identify the causes of (potential) emergency situations and give priority to helping people to help themselves. With clearing and coordination functions as well as case management , it should help ensure that all offers of the social infrastructure are accessible to the citizen.

The tasks of the ASD are usually carried out by specialists who have successfully completed a degree in social work . The working approaches used are, in particular, individual help, social group work, community work and social therapeutic methods.

literature

  • Lukas Nock: From the desirable to the necessary. Professional action in the youth welfare office between economization and activation . LIT, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-643-13959-7
  • Volker Hielscher, Lukas Nock, Sabine Kirchen-Peters: Between costs, time and demands. The everyday dilemma of social service work. Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2013, ISBN 978-3-658-01377-6 .
  • Joachim Merchel (Hrsg.): Handbuch Allgemeiner Sozialer Dienst (ASD) . Reinhardt, Munich 2012, ISBN 3-497-02322-1 .
  • Ingrid Gissel-Palkovich: Textbook general social service - ASD: Framework conditions, tasks and professionalism (study modules social work) . Beltz Juventa 2011, ISBN 978-3-7799-2210-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Municipal social service of the state capital Hanover. Retrieved June 10, 2020 .
  2. ^ Muenchen.de: Offers of the district social work
  3. ↑ See Hielscher, Nock & Kirchen-Peters 2013: 133
  4. ↑ See Textor 1994: 53

Web links