Stripe clover

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Stripe clover
Stripe clover (Trifolium striatum)

Stripe clover ( Trifolium striatum )

Systematics
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Genre : Clover ( trifolium )
Section : Trifolium
Type : Stripe clover
Scientific name
Trifolium striatum
L.

The striped clover ( Trifolium striatum ) is a species of plant from the genus Klee ( Trifolium ) in the subfamily of the butterflies (Faboideae). The name striped clover has its origin in the ten strongly protruding calyx nerves and is therefore sometimes referred to as striped clover . It belongs to the Stenosemium subsection in the Trifolium section .

description

Appearance and leaf

Stem with stipules
Brains
Stem with leaves and inflorescences
Habitus
blossom
Head, front fruits removed
fruit

The striped clover grows as an herbaceous plant . The aboveground vegetative parts of the plant are briefly shaggy hairy. The usually 5 to 30 cm long stem is quite thin, prostrate, ascending or upright and mostly more or less branched.

The lower leaves have stalks up to 5 cm long and, from a wedge-shaped base, have obovate to oblong, inverted heart-shaped, mostly marginalized leaflets. The upper ones are short stalked to almost sessile and have an obovate to deltoid shape. They are more or less 1 to 1.5 cm long and 0.3 times to half as wide. They have straight, at an acute angle, lateral nerves that are not or hardly thickened towards the edge. Usually they are only finely serrated in the upper third and have silky hair on both sides.

The stipules are broadly ovate, membranous, whitish, with green or reddish nerves and are drawn out fairly quickly into an awl tip.

Inflorescence and flower

The flowering time is mainly in the months of May to August, sometimes later. The head-shaped inflorescences sit in the upper leaf axils, the uppermost are often approached in pairs and seemingly terminal, sessile and enveloped by the widened stipules of the uppermost leaves. The flower heads are spherical to egg-shaped, usually less than 1 cm long and finally somewhat elongated. The flowers are sessile and without bracts .

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The calyx has ten strong nerves, the tube is hairy on the outside, bare on the inside, bulbous at the time of fruiting and has a throat that is only slightly narrowed by an annular bulge. The calyx teeth are lanceolate and sub-subtle, straight, at the end spreading, the lower ones as long or longer than the calyx tube, mostly not reaching the crown, the upper ones are considerably shorter. The corolla has the typical shape of the butterfly flower . The petals are light pink, darkly veined, withering or falling off very late at the flower and a little longer than the calyx. The flag is completely free, elongated and bordered at the front. The wings are long nailed.

Fruit and seeds

The legumes are obovate, compressed and have a lateral stylus . The seeds are egg-shaped, smooth and reddish in color.

Herbarium evidence : The species Trifolium striatum should not be collected in Central Europe because of its rarity and endangerment.

Chromosome number

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.

Occurrence

The striped clover is a Mediterranean-Atlantic floral element . The area of the striped clover extends north to Great Britain , southern Scandinavia , Poland and Portugal in the west, to the Caucasus and Asia Minor in the east, and northwest Africa in the south. It is also found in the Canary Islands and Madeira . Trifolium striatum has an area similar to that of the sweet chestnut in southern Europe . It reached Central Europe in different ways: in the west through the Rhone - Saone and Rhine valleys , in the south from the Po and the Adige , in the east from the Danube , Elbe and Oder . The northern European occurrences are mostly only adventitious . In Central Europe it is only represented very scattered overall.

In Central Europe it occurs rarely in Schleswig-Holstein , on the lower reaches of the Elbe and Weser on the Lower and Middle Rhine in the low mountain range between the Eifel and the Harz Mountains, as well as in Lower Austria and in western Switzerland ; otherwise it occurs only inconsistently introduced in Central Europe (for example in Brandenburg , Mecklenburg and Baden ). The striped clover is very scattered and rare in Germany, mainly in Schleswig-Holstein, Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate . He is considered lost in Bavaria . More recent confirmed finds, however, still show an occurrence near Haßfurt ( Lower Franconia ).

The striped clover thrives best on lime and fine earth poor , sandy or stony- gritty soils , which can be a little bit saline . The striped clover inhabits dry pastures , gaps in lawns , creeks , roadsides and fallow fields, on bare clay soil, it rarely goes on sandy fields, in gravel pits and gravel banks . In Central Europe it is a character species of the Thero-Airion association, but also occurs in societies of the Alysso-Sedion association or the Festuco-Brometea class.

Danger

This article or paragraph presents the situation in Germany . Help us to describe the situation in other countries.

In the Red List of Endangered Plant Species in Germany, the striped clover was listed in category 3 in 1996, i.e. it was rated as endangered.

literature

  • Gustav Hegi, H. Gams, H. Marzell: Illustrated flora of Central Europe. Pteridophyta, Spermatophyta . 2nd Edition. Volume IV. Part 3: Angiospermae: Dicotyledones 2 (5) (Leguminosae - Tropaeolaceae) . Carl Hanser and Paul Parey, Munich and Berlin / Hamburg 1964, ISBN 3-489-70020-1 (unchanged reprint from 1923-1924 with addendum).
  • Konrad von Weihe (ed.): Illustrated flora. Germany and neighboring areas. Vascular cryptogams and flowering plants . Founded by August Garcke. 23rd edition. Paul Parey, Berlin / Hamburg 1972, ISBN 3-489-68034-0 .
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (Hrsg.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . 2nd expanded edition. tape 2 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Dilleniidae): Hypericaceae to Primulaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1993, ISBN 3-8001-3323-7 .
  • Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald, Raimund Fischer: Excursion flora of Austria . Ed .: Manfred A. Fischer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart / Vienna 1994, ISBN 3-8001-3461-6 .
  • Christian Heitz: School and excursion flora for Switzerland. Taking into account the border areas. Identification book for wild growing vascular plants . Founded by August Binz. 18th completely revised and expanded edition. Schwabe & Co., Basel 1986, ISBN 3-7965-0832-4 .
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 6th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1990, ISBN 3-8001-3454-3 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Trifolium striatum L., striped clover. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 595.
  3. ↑ a b Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi (ed.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 3: Special part (Spermatophyta, subclass Rosidae): Droseraceae to Fabaceae. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1992, ISBN 3-8001-3314-8 .
  4. ↑ a b c Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 2 : Yew family to butterfly family . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Web links

Commons : Stripe Clover ( Trifolium striatum )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files