Erich Oberdorfer

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Erich Oberdorfer (born March 26, 1905 in Freiburg im Breisgau ; † September 23, 2002 ibid) was a German biologist specializing in plant sociology and floristry . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is “ Oberd. "

Live and act

Oberdorfer, who was already interested in botany as a schoolboy, studied natural sciences at the universities of Freiburg and Tübingen after graduating from high school, which he passed in Freiburg in 1923 . In Freiburg he heard lectures from Hans Spemann and Friedrich Oltmann, among others . In addition to Felix Rawitscher , Walter Zimmermann , who was assistant to Friedrich Oltmanns at the time, was one of his teachers. He completed his studies in Freiburg in 1928 with a state examination and doctorate. His dissertation, which he wrote under the direction of Friedrich Oltmanns and the ecophysiologist Bruno Huber , dealt with the relationship between the growth sites of different algae on the rock faces of the Überlinger See and light conditions at different depths.

Since Oberdorfer initially did not get a job as a teacher because of the economic upheaval, he was entrusted with research on the late and post-Ice Age deposits in the Feldmoos on the Schluchsee . This work, which was supported by the Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft , a predecessor organization of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft , was undertaken, among other things, because the Schluchsee was to be dammed up to generate electricity. The field moss should be carefully examined again before it disappears. In this research project, Oberdorfer mainly examined the large remains, which he took from depths of up to seven meters using soil drills, among other things, and set up pollen profiles for the various layers. Among other things, he was able to prove in these investigations that the white silver arum ( Dryas octopetala ) and the dwarf birch ( Betula nana ) as well as several willow species ( Salix herbacea , Salix reticulata or Salix myrtilloides ) occurred in the late glacial period of the Black Forest . With Oberdorfer's research results, evidence for the climatic fluctuations of the Late Ice Age was available for the Black Forest for the first time. With this work, which he continued in addition to his later position as a teacher until 1939, Oberdorfer became one of the pioneers in the field of pollen analysis in Central Europe.

In connection with the investigations at Schluchsee, Oberdorfer dealt with various, then new methods of descriptive vegetation science. He got to know the plant-sociological method according to Braun-Blanquet through Hermann Otto Sleumer and soon had contact with various representatives of this school, such as Braun-Blanquet himself, Reinhold Tüxen and Walo Koch .

In 1931 Oberdorfer got his first position as a teacher and taught first in Weinheim , then in Bruchsal and Karlsruhe at the grammar school biology and geography. In addition to his work as a teacher, he mapped, among other things, the area around Bruchsal using the Braun-Blanquet method. As a result, the Bruchsal vegetation map on a scale of 1: 25,000 was published in 1936. With this, Oberdorfer had created the second vegetation map with this scale. In 1938 the sheet Bühlertal - Hornisgrinde was supposed to appear, in 1937 he published a vegetation map of Baden 1: 1,000,000.

In 1937 Oberdorfer was transferred to Karlsruhe, where he initially got half a deputate as a teacher and a position at the Baden Nature Conservation Office in Karlsruhe under its director Hermann Schurhammer . In 1938 he left the school service entirely and got a full-time position as a conservator. He had to write expert reports and descriptions of the nature reserves between Lake Constance and the Tauber area, and his trips made him a profound expert on the vegetation of the then Baden state. Work on the plant communities of the Rhine plain , the Black Forest and the Kraichgau later flowed into his survey of the southern German plant communities , published in 1957 in the first edition, in addition to explorations in the Allgäu and the Alps , in which he also summarized the vegetation recordings of numerous other plant sociologists. The work appeared in a new edition between 1977 and 1992. With this book, Oberdorfer also significantly shaped the plant-sociological nomenclature not only of southern Germany, but of all of Central Europe .

Oberdorfer made experience with the vegetation of Southeastern Europe during the Second World War. He was employed as a botanist in the " Forschungsstaffel zb V. " of Lieutenant Schulz-Kampfhenkel and mapped, among others, in Thessaly , Macedonia , Albania and Thrace , where he made plant-sociological recordings with colleagues and evaluated soil profiles. With studies of the vegetation of northern Spain and a research trip to Chile from 1957 to 1958, he rounded off his knowledge of vegetation outside of Central Europe.

After Oberdorfer was initially only given occasional jobs after the end of the war due to his membership of the SA and the NSDAP , for example as a research assistant to Heinrich Walter at the University of Hohenheim , he was again from 1947 as a conservator at the newly established state agency for nature conservation in North Baden (since 1952 District Office for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management North Baden ) and was its director until 1958. In addition to this activity, he was also appointed head of the state collections for natural history in Karlsruhe in 1947 . An official director's position was not created until 1958 and Oberdorfer held this position until his retirement in 1970.

While Oberdorfer's work South German Plant Societies is only known to experts in plant sociology, his plant sociological excursion flora became famous among field botanists . It is the only standard flora in Central Europe that gives detailed ecological information on the species. “Der Oberdorfer” was first published in 1949. In 2001 Oberdorfer published the 8th edition of Flora together with Theo Müller and Angelika Schwabe . With this work, Oberdorfer has made a significant contribution to the shift of field botany from pure floristry to a site-ecological consideration of the vegetation.

From 1950 Oberdorfer held a teaching position for plant-sociological site studies at the Forestry Faculty of the University of Freiburg, where he was appointed honorary professor in 1962 .

Honors

Fonts

  • Plant-sociological excursion flora for south-west Germany and the adjacent areas , Stuttgart / Ludwigsburg 1949 (later expanded and reissued several times; 8th edition, heavily revised and supplemented together with other authors, under the title Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and adjacent areas , Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 978-3-8001-3131-0 ).
  • Plant sociological studies in Chile = Estudios fitosociológicos en Chile y comparación con la vegetación europea. A comparison with Europe , Flora et vegetatio mundi (Volume 2), Weinheim 1960
  • together with Theo Müller and Georg Philippi : The potential natural vegetation of Baden-Württemberg , publications by the State Agency for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management Baden-Württemberg (Supplement 6), Ludwigsburg 1974
  • as co-author: Der Hohe Schwarzwald , Freiburg im Breisgau 1980, ISBN 3-7930-0250-0 .
  • South German Plant Societies , Plant Sociology (Volume 10), Jena 1957 (later expanded by him and other authors and reissued several times, most recently as South German Plant Societies , 4 parts in 5 volumes, Spektrum Verlag, 1992, ISBN 3-8274-0630-7 .)
  • Memoirs of the plant sociologist EO , Jena and Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-334-61004-7 .

See also: Forest Societies of Central Europe , Plant-Sociological Units according to Oberdorfer

literature

  • Erwin Jörg (Red.) Et al .: Festschrift for the 70th birthday of Erich Oberdorfer. Dedicated by his friends and students . Contributions to natural history research in southwest Germany, Volume 34. Edited by the State Collections for Natural History Karlsruhe in conjunction with the District Office for Nature Conservation and Landscape Management Karlsruhe and the Natural Science Association Karlsruhe eV State Collections for Natural History, Karlsruhe 1975, 476 pp.
  • Joachim Schönherr: 50th anniversary of Prof. Erich Oberdorfer's doctorate . In: General forest and hunting newspaper . 149th year 1978, ISSN  0002-5852 , pp. 175-176
  • Collective of authors: Festschrift Prof. Dr. Dr. hc Erich Oberdorfer. For his 80th birthday on March 26, 1985 . Tuexenia, NS, No. 5. Florist-Sociological Working Group 1985, 569 pp.
  • Angelika Schwabe: The work of Erich Oberdorfer as the basis for plant-sociological-systematic and nature conservation-related studies, shown using examples from the Black Forest. Communications from the Baden Regional Association for Natural History and Nature Conservation NF 14: 43-71. 1986.
  • Dieter Knoch : Erich Oberdorfer on his 80th birthday. Announcements of the Badisches Landesverein für Naturkunde und Naturschutz NF 14: 13-16. 1986.
  • Siegfried Rietschel (Ed.): Festband Erich Oberdorfer . Carolinea ... (Volume 53). State Museum for Natural History Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe 1995, 288 pp.
  • University of Freiburg (ed.): Erich Oberdorfer in memory. Freiburg University Gazette 41/158: 145-146. 2002.
  • Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller: Erich Oberdorfer (1905–2002). Tuexenis NS 23: 3-8. 2008.
  • Otti Wilmanns : Erich Oberdorfer †: 1905–2002. Phytocoenologia 33: 1-12. 2003
  • Volkmar Wirth and Georg Philippi: Prof. Dr. Dr. hc Erich Oberdorfer †. Carolinea 61: 229-234. 2003
  • Bärbel Häcker: Erich Oberdorfer. Portrait. In: 50 years of nature conservation history in Baden-Württemberg. Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-4472-7 , pp. 260/261.
  • Georg Philippi: Erich Oberdorfer 1905-2002. Communications from the Baden Regional Association for Natural History and Nature Conservation NF 18: 305-308. 2002/2004
  • Wolfgang Haber : In memory of Erich Oberdorfer: 1905–2002. Reports of the Bavarian Botanical Society 73/47: 177. 2004.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Häusler, Hermann: Forschungsstaffel z. BV series MILGEO No. 21/2007 p. 175 f.
  2. ^ Georg Philippi : Erich Oberdorfer 1905-2002 . In: Mitt. Bad. National association Natural history u. Nature conservation NF 18 (1), Freiburg 2002, pp. 305–306

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Oberdorfer, Erich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German plant biologist
DATE OF BIRTH March 26, 1905
PLACE OF BIRTH Freiburg in Breisgau
DATE OF DEATH September 23, 2002
Place of death Freiburg in Breisgau