Antonio de Morais Silva

António de Morais Silva (born August 1, 1755 in Rio de Janeiro , † April 11, 1824 in Pernambuco ) was a Brazilian Romance scholar , Lusitanist , grammarian and lexicographer.

life and work

Morais Silva (formerly: Moraes Silva) went to Coimbra to study law in 1774 , had to flee to England from the Inquisition in 1788 , but was able to return and then go to Bahia as a justice of the peace . He bought a property in Pernambuco and became a successful farmer.

His most important achievement is the first modern dictionary of the Portuguese language, published in 1789. It was based on Rafael Bluteau's Baroque dictionary , but turned it into a completely new work that remained the original source of all Portuguese lexicography for 200 years. According to Telmo Verdelho's calculations, Morais deleted 16,000 entries from the dictionary of his predecessor, added 22,000 new ones (final score 70,000), but deleted all bilingualism and the baroque encyclopedic information. Overall, he took over 5% of the text unchanged and 50% in a modified form. The “Morais” was immediately very successful, had 10 editions, most recently (1949–1959) in 12 volumes, and still exists today (as Dicionario compacto ) in 5 volumes.

Works

dictionary

• (1st edition) Diccionario da lingua portugueza composto pelo padre D. Raphael Bluteau, reformado, e accrescentado por Antonio de Moraes Silva natural do Rio de Janeiro, 2 vols., Lisbon 1789 ( online at Biblioteca Brasiliana , volume 1 ; volume 2 )

• (2nd edition) Diccionario da lingua portugueza recopilado dos vocabularios impressos ate 'agora, e nesta segunda edição novamente emendado, e muito accrescentado, por Antonio de Moraes Silva, natural do Rio de Janeiro, 2 vols., Lisbon 1813

• (3rd edition) Diccionario da lingua portugueza recopilado de todos os impressos até o presente [...]. Terceira edição, mais correcta e accrescentada de cinco para seis mil artigos, que levão este sinal * extra idos dos authores classicos portuguezes, com disvello e curiosidade, 2 vols., Lisbon 1823 (also Recife 1825)
• (4th ed.) Lisbon 1831
• (5th edition) Lisbon 1844
• (6th edition) Lisbon 1858
• (7th edition) Lisbon 1877–1878
• (8th edition) Lisbon / Rio de Janeiro 1889–1891
• (9th edition) Lisbon? 1895, Rio de Janeiro 1922
• (10th edition) Grande dicionário da língua portuguesa , 12 vols., Lisbon 1949–1959
• Novo dicionario compacto de lingua portuguesa . Ediçao compacta do texto fundamentel de grande dicionario da lingua portuguesa de Antonio de Morais Silva, 2 vols., Lisbon 1961; 6th edition, 5 vols., Lisbon 1990, 9th edition 1999

Other works

• Epítome da gramática da língua portuguesa , Lisbon 1806

literature

• Dieter Woll : 181. Portuguese Lexicography. In: Franz Josef Hausmann, Oskar Reichmann, Herbert Ernst Wiegand, Ladislav Zgusta (eds.): Dictionaries. Dictionaries. Dictionnaires. An international handbook on lexicography. Second part of the volume. Berlin, New York 1990, pp. 1723-1735.
• Telmo Verdelho: O dicionário de Morais Silva eo início da lexicografia moderna. In: História da língua e história da gramática - actas dohabenro. Braga 2003, pp. 473-490 ( online )

Web links

• Literature by and about António de Morais Silva in the SUDOC catalog (Association of French University Libraries)
• Literature by and about António de Morais Silva in the catalog of the Ibero-American Institute of Prussian Cultural Heritage, Berlin
• Antonio de Morais e Silva. In: dec.ufcg.edu.br. web.archive.org, archived from the original on March 3, 2016 (Brazilian Portuguese, short biography).