Anticipatio (music)
Anticipatio (Latin for anticipation; ante: before; capere: to take; also prolepsis or praesumptio ) denotes a musical figure in which a note or a harmony is prematurely foreshadowed.
The music theorist Christoph Bernhard defines the anticipatio in his Tractatus compositionis augmentatus as a note that sounds earlier than an ordinary, natural movement would require. Johann Gottfried Walther explains this figure identically in the Musical Lexicon , but with the addition that no jumps are permitted in the anticipatio , which distinguishes it from the accentu duplici .
The interpreter of a piece of music often does the anticipation himself, but it can also have been set by the composer. It plays a special role in final turns, where on the last and thus unstressed beat the final note or chord is struck in the penultimate bar.
Since this figure does not play such an important role in a musical sentence as its rhetorical counterpart in a speech (the Roman rhetorician Quintilian already testified to it “an extraordinary power”, whereas in music it is more to be assigned to the area of ornamentation ), the question arises whether this should even be counted among the musical-rhetorical figures.
Sources and literature (chronological)
- Christoph Bernhard: Tractatus compositionis augmentatus . Ms. ( online edition Bernhard Lang) , 23rd chap.
- Johann Gottfried Walther: Musical Lexicon. Deer, Leipzig 1732 ( digitized version ).
- Anticipation. In: Wilibald Gurlitt , Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht (Hrsg.): Riemann Musiklexikon (subject part) . B. Schott's Sons, Mainz 1967, p. 43 .
- Dietrich Bartel: Handbook of musical figure theory. Laaber-Verlag, Laaber 1985.
Individual evidence
- ↑ cf. Bartel 1985, p. 98.