Responding mode

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An answering mode , also known as the “answer principle”, is a form of conversation conducted by the therapist in the psychoanalytical-interactional method ( Göttingen model , Annelise Heigl-Evers and Franz Heigl ). It describes the way in which the therapist conducts the conversation with the patient.

method

Answers are an “essential means” (Streeck 2014) of treatment technology in working with patients with impairments in personality development or “structural disorders”. With these disorders, it is more difficult to form relationships with other people. The implicit relational knowledge of those affected must therefore be addressed through specific feedback ("interpersonal feedback", "selective-authentic" behavior of the therapist).

The “answering mode” or “principle of answer” are characteristic of the psychoanalytical-interactional method (PIM). In PIM, the primary goal of therapy is to enable patients to successfully and satisfactorily participate in social life and to change the inner "representations", self-images and images of other people. The long-term success strived for is the improvement of social skills and, moreover, the reduction of symptoms.

Role of the therapist

The therapeutic work in the “answering mode” is based on interpersonality and interaction. The therapist approaches the patient as a clearly identifiable other person who describes the effects of the patient's behavior from their personal point of view. During the intervention, in the answers to the patient, he also brings up his own experience and willingness to act and thus clarifies aspects of his countertransference. In the feedback from his countertransference, the therapist responds with reactions that are similar to those of people in everyday social life and with which the patient has difficulties. At the same time, with a high presence, he conveys his interest in the development of the patient and his acceptance of different perspectives on interpersonal events.

Answers enable patients to recognize and understand the causes and reasons for their difficulties. These possibilities are often more difficult to seize in everyday social action, since the implicit relationship events are not made explicit there, but instead interaction partners react with withdrawal or aggressive behavior. The therapist, on the other hand, has the option of describing feedback more clearly. He must do this in a reflective and selective manner with regard to feelings, impulses, the type of relationship, the competencies to be developed and the patient's current receptivity. In this way, the psychotherapist reveals his countertransference in a reflected and selective manner in the “answering mode”.

The "answering mode" can be contrasted with the "interpreting mode". In “Answering Mode” the therapist makes statements about himself (in response to a patient's behavior). Patients experience themselves as effective in the relationship. In the interpretive mode, however, therapists make statements about the patient. You are therefore less in a position of the other person and more in a position of a “knower” who communicates something “about” the patient.

literature

  • Annelise Heigl-Evers, Franz Heigl: The Göttingen model of the application of psychoanalysis in groups with special consideration of the psychoanalytical-interactional method . In: Group Psychotherapy and Group Dynamics. Vol. 30 (1994), pp. 1-29.
  • Annelise Heigl-Evers, Franz Heigl: The interactional principle in individual and group psychotherapy . In: Journal for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy. Vol. 29 (1983), pp. 1-14.
  • Annelise Heigl-Evers, Franz Heigl: Group therapy: interactional - depth psychologically based (analytically oriented) - psychoanalytical . In: Group Psychotherapy and Group Dynamics. Vol. 7, Issue 2 (October 1973), pp. 132-157.
  • Karl König, Wulf-Volker Lindner: Psychoanalytic group therapy. 2nd Edition. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1992, ISBN 978-3525457320 .
  • Hermann Staats, Andreas Dally, Thomas Bolm (eds.): Group psychotherapy and group analysis: a text and learning book . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-647-40230-7 .
  • Ulrich Streeck, Falk Leichsenring: Manual of psychoanalytical-interactional therapy: Treatment of patients with structural disorders and severe personality disorders . 3rd, revised and expanded edition 2015. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2009, ISBN 978-3-525-40246-7 .

Web links

Individual notes

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Hermann Staats, Andreas Dally, Thomas Bolm (eds.): Group psychotherapy and group analysis. A text and learning book for clinics and practices . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-647-40230-7 , pp. 203-205 .