Aquanaut (researcher)
The term aquanaut (from Latin aqua, water, and from the Greek naútēs, sailor) describes a person who spends long periods of time under water for research purposes. Aquanautics as a research area in oceanography deals accordingly with the possibility of people staying under water and the exploration and use of seabed resources.
J. Miller and I. Koblick refer to people who stay underwater for at least 24 hours as "aquanauts". Accordingly, this designation is used for crew members of underwater stations.
The term is an analogy to the astronaut and is closely related to the English term "Inner Space" for the marine world as an analogy to "Outer Space" for space.
The first Aquanaut was Robert Sténuit in the project "Man-In-The-Sea I" by Edwin A. Link. On September 6, 1962, he spent 24 hours and 15 minutes at a depth of 61 m in a steel cylinder and made several exits.
The first female aquanaut was Jacques-Yves Cousteau's wife , Simone Melchior Cousteau, who lived in Habitat Conshelf II for four days in June 1963 . The first all-female aquanaut team was deployed in Habitat Tektite II in 1970 .
Bruce Cantrell and Jessica Fain from Roane State Community College completed the longest stay of an aquanaut underwater between October 3 and December 15, 2014. For the project Classroom under the Sea they spent 73 days at the underwater hotel Jules Undersea Lodge in the Emerald Lagoon Florida Keys in the USA. They broke the record of Richard Presley, who lived a total of 69 days in the same facility between May 6 and July 14, 1992 in a project called Atlantis .
The first documented case of an involuntary aquanaut was Harrison Odjegba Okene, who was in the sinking ship Jascon 4 on May 26, 2013 and survived for three days in an air bubble at a depth of 30 m before he was rescued by salvage divers.
Jacques-Yves Cousteau used the term Oceanaut in the award-winning film World Without the Sun about the Habitat Conshelf II . The Canadian documentary The Flight of the Aquanaut illustrates the activity in a popular way.
The underwater station " Jules Undersea Lodge " (formerly underwater laboratory "La Chalupa") offers trained divers the special permit "Underwater Habitat / Aquanaut dive specialty certification", which includes a stay in the same habitat for 24 hours.
Individual evidence
- ^ Keyword Aquanaut. Duden Online, accessed on May 15, 2020 .
- ↑ Duden dictionary: overview of meanings aquanautics. Retrieved May 15, 2020 .
- ↑ a b c James W. Miller, Ian G. Koblick: Living and Working in the Sea . Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York 1984, ISBN 0-442-26084-9 .
- ↑ a b Jules' Distinctive Specialty Certifications. Retrieved May 15, 2020 .
- ^ West Palm Beach TV: Classroom Under the Sea: 2 teachers resurface after 73 days underwater in Florida. (No longer available online.) December 15, 2014, formerly in the original ; accessed on October 23, 2016 (English). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The Free Lance-Star: Hydroponic expert sets record for staying under water - 69 days. (No longer available online.) July 15, 1992, formerly in the original ; accessed on October 10, 2016 (English). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Guinness World Records: Longest time spent living underwater. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on October 10, 2016 (English). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Amanda Williams: Daily Mail: He's alive! He's alive! December 3, 2013, accessed May 15, 2020 .
- ^ "World Without Sun" on YouTube. (No longer available online.) Formerly in the original ; accessed on September 7, 2016 (English). ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Web links
Classroom under the Sea homepage and the corresponding video series on YouTube