Arch User Repository

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AUR
Website logo
Arch User Repository
languages multilingual
user 56400 registered members (as of September 2018)
Registration Yes
On-line 2005
https://aur.archlinux.org/
Package list from AUR, September 2018

AUR ( English Arch User Repository ) is an online repository for compilation instructions ( PKGBUILD s). It is an integral part of the Arch Linux Linux distribution .

history

The AUR was created in 2005 and has since grown to over 50,000 PKGBUILDs (the official repositories only contain about a fifth of that number). Between June 8th and August 8th 2015, AUR switched to the version control system git .

Differences from the official repository

  • Licensing issues: Software that is not allowed to be distributed by third parties, but which can be used free of charge, can be included in the Arch User Repository. All that is hosted on the Arch website is a shell script that downloads the current version of the software. An example of this is proprietary freeware such as Google Earth .
  • Changed official packages: The Arch User Repository also contains many variations of packages from the official repositories as well as git and hg versions of software that is contained in the repositories as stable versions.
  • Rarity of the software: New or rarely used programs that have not (yet) been added to or removed from the official repositories. If a so-called “trusted user” takes on a popular AUR package, it can be moved to the community repository.

use

Every registered member of the AUR can upload their own PKGBUILDs. After that, he is solely responsible for maintaining the package, as is necessary for software updates. Only the original author can update their PKGBUILDs.

PKGBUILDs can be downloaded by any Arch Linux user and used to build a package. The PKGBUILDs are offered in the AUR as a tarball that must be extracted. There are a number of utilities (such as yay or trizen ) that automate the process of downloading, extracting, and building the package. For a long time, yaourt was recommended as an AUR helper from various sources . However, this should no longer be used due to security deficiencies and was also removed from the AUR at the beginning of 2019.

Manually 

 git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/$Paketname.git
 cd $Paketname
 makepkg -si

Optionally, it can be -radded to the makepkg command to remove unused dependencies after compilation.

Automated 

 yay -S $Paketname

PKGBUILD

PKGBUILDs are scripts that are structured similar to the older ebuilds from Portage , the package management system for Gentoo Linux . The upper section contains metadata about the package name, URL of the source code , hash sum of the source code archive (here in the example SHA-256 ), libraries required for compiling (dependencies) and the license of the package. The build () and package () sections provide instructions on how to compile and install the packages.

PKGBUILDs are parsed by the program makepkg and translated into compressed program packages . These usually have the file extension .tar. zst .

example 
# Maintainer: Your Name <youremail@domain.com>
pkgname=NAME
pkgver=VERSION
pkgrel=1
pkgdesc=""
arch=()
url=""
license=('GPL')
groups=()
depends=()
makedepends=()
optdepends=()
provides=()
conflicts=()
replaces=()
backup=()
options=()
install=
changelog=
source=($pkgname-$pkgver.tar.gz)
noextract=()
sha256sums=() #autofill using updpkgsums

build() {
  cd "$pkgname-$pkgver"

  ./configure --prefix=/usr
  make
}

package() {
  cd "$pkgname-$pkgver"

  make DESTDIR="$pkgdir/" install
}

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Liane M. Dubowy, not a gram too much, tailor-made system with Arch Linux, c't 24/13, p. 168
  2. ↑ AUR. In: ArchWiki. Retrieved July 16, 2014 .
  3. ↑ http://aur.archlinux.org/ ( Memento from April 12, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ↑ Package Search. In: Arch Linux. Retrieved October 11, 2018 .
  5. ↑ AUR: History. In: ArchWiki. Retrieved September 8, 2018 .
  6. ↑ AUR: Installing packages. In: ArchWiki. Retrieved July 16, 2014 .
  7. ↑ AUR helpers. In: ArchWiki. Retrieved September 8, 2018 .
  8. ↑ Yaourt. In: Wiki Arch Linux. Retrieved August 26, 2019 .
  9. ^ Arch packaging standards. In: ArchWiki. Retrieved July 16, 2014 .