Baojia
Baojia ( Chinese 保甲 , Pinyin bǎojiǎ , W.-G. pao-chia ) describes a system of local self-administration first established by Wang Anshi in 1076 during the Song Dynasty in China . This system was used to collect taxes, ensure law and order, and control certain moral standards.
In Wang's original system, ten families were combined into a unit called bao (English watch , "guard"). In the Ming Dynasty , this unit was called jia (English tithing ) and the 10 jia then formed a bao . The leadership position rotated within the jia and bao, while the respective owner was called jiazhang / jiazong or baozheng / baozhang . In practice, however , a jia consisted of 4 to 13 families and a bao contained a little less or more than 10 jia. In some parts of Jingnan there was also an intermediate layer called dang consisting of 30 families or a layer over the bao .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Timothy Brook: The Chinese State in Ming Society . Routledge, 2005, ISBN 978-0-415-34506-4 , pp. 37 .