Baotu source
| Baotu source | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Baotu source |
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| location | ||||
| Country or region | Shandong ( China ) | |||
| Coordinates | 36 ° 39 ′ 39 " N , 117 ° 0 ′ 34" E | |||
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| geology | ||||
| Source type | Karst spring | |||
| Exit type | Artesian spring | |||
| rock | limestone | |||
| Hydrology | ||||
| River system | Xiaoqing | |||
| Receiving waters | Xiaoqing → Yellow Sea | |||
Coordinates: 36 ° 39 ′ 39 ″ N , 117 ° 0 ′ 34 ″ E
The Baotu spring ( Chinese 趵突泉 , Pinyin Bàotū Quán ) is a karst spring in the city of Jinan in China .
description
The Baotu Spring is located in Shandong Province in the middle of the urban area of Jinan. It is mentioned in the Spring and Autumn Annals , one of the Five Classics of Chinese Literature, and was named "The First Spring Under Heaven" by Emperor Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty .
The Baotu Spring is the most famous of the more than 70 Artesian springs in the city center. The water from all these springs comes from a karst aquifer in the Ordovician below the city.
Since the area around Jinan slopes from south to north, the catchment area of the source is in the mountains south of the city. It covers about 1,500 square kilometers. The springs have dried up several times since the 1970s because too much water was withdrawn from the aquifer for human consumption.
The roughly 30 meters long and 18 meters wide, rectangular spring basin of the Baotu spring is fed by three exit points in the limestone . Depending on the pouring of the spring and the associated water pressure, small fountains are visible in the spring basin. They should have reached heights of up to 26 meters. The pool is surrounded by historical buildings. The source discharge can reach a value of up to 1600 liters per second. The water temperature remains constant at 18 degrees Celsius all year round. The area of the Baotu spring as well as some neighboring springs are protected by a public park that was established in 1956 and covers approximately 10.5 hectares.
