Baroque scholasticism

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Baroque scholasticism is the name that goes back to the Catholic fundamental theologian Karl Eschweiler for a philosophical direction between around 1550 and the French Revolution . The baroque scholasticism is also known as late scholasticism . The metaphysics of baroque scholasticism was represented by Catholic thinkers, most of whom belonged to a spiritual order. Baroque scholasticism in Spain received a special form at the University of Salamanca through philosophers such as Francisco Suarez and Francisco de Vitoria . Both are important founders of modern international law .

Thematically, it covers the entire canon of philosophical topics and endeavors to build a system in accordance with the valid theological (Catholic) dogmas . Although in some representatives it sought the connection to the modern empirical or rationalistic philosophy, it was on the whole hostile and hostile to modern thinking. Because of this refusal, the baroque scholasticism disappeared from the philosophical discussion.

In its time, the Baroque scholasticism also had considerable influence on Protestant and Calvinist thinkers. A historia literaria as a scientific system, as represented by Daniel Georg Morhof , would not have been possible without the influence of the baroque scholasticism. Metaphysical determinations as to how God, grace and nature can be thought of with one another were also received in the Protestant sphere (see Revelation ).

The neo-scholasticism of the 19th and 20th centuries was based on some thinkers, above all Franciscus Suarez , and the discussions of moral theology, but otherwise fell back on medieval philosophy. In the 20th century, interest in the history of philosophy in Baroque scholasticism revived, the term was coined by Josef de Vries in the first half of the century, and in recent years research on some thinkers and topics has gained a certain amount of momentum.

literature

  • Martin H. Jung: Church history (=  basic knowledge of Christianity . Volume 3 ). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2013, ISBN 978-3-647-56851-5 , section Baroque scholasticism and Protestant orthodoxy , p. 157-162 .