Basic fitness test

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The Basic Fitness Test (BFT) is an evaluated performance diagnostic test procedure in the German Armed Forces , with which individual performance is recorded under standardized conditions and an age, gender and status-independent performance assessment is possible via a point system.

BFT concept and potential

The BFT is a valid and easy to perform fitness test and was introduced into the Bundeswehr on January 1st, 2010 . Once a year every soldier should in principle complete the test consisting of the three individual disciplines "11 x 10m sprint test", "Klimmhang" and "1000 m run".

The BFT was established within the framework of civil-military collaborative research under the direction of the performance physiologist Prof. Dr. Dr. Dieter Leyk developed and evaluated by the former departmental research department “Defense Ergonomics and Performance Physiology”, now Department A “Health and Performance Promotion” of the Institute for Preventive Medicine of the Bundeswehr and the research group “Performance Epidemiology” of the German Sport University Cologne .

Physical performance is an indicator and prognostic factor for health. The aim of the BFT concept was therefore to develop a valid and efficient test procedure and to be able to use the BFT as an instrument for performance and health promotion in the Bundeswehr. For this reason, a database-bound scientific documentation system was developed with the BFT. a. Health-relevant data (e.g. body weight, waist circumference, body fat percentage) can be saved. These could be used for cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological analyzes and used in the Bundeswehr as part of education, training and corporate health promotion.

The BFT is designed in such a way that changes and extensions (e.g. use of other sports motor tests and measurement methods) are basically possible.

Test tasks and BFT implementation

According to scientific and application-related criteria, three simple and precisely feasible performance tests (Klimmhang, 11 × 10 m sprint test, 1000 m run) were selected, which enable the examination of relevant military activities in a time-efficient manner and without major equipment expenditure: holding and carrying, rapid movement with Change of body position and endurance.

The tasks must be completed within 90 minutes in the order listed above. In order to pass the BFT, minimum performance is required: These are 60 s in the sprint test, 5 s in the chin-up slope and 390 s in the 1000 m run and apply to every soldier.

As part of the applicant acceptance process, bicycle ergometry (see below) is carried out instead of the 1000m run.

11 × 10 m sprint test

task

The test person starts from the prone position (the head is oriented in the direction of travel) and walks around a pylon set up 10 m away as quickly as possible. As soon as she is back at the starting point, she lies down briefly on her stomach again, claps her hands behind her back, jumps up again and sprints the next lap. The goal is to run five and a half laps as quickly as possible.

Test description

At the start of the test, the test person lies prone on an exercise mat. The arms are placed on the side of the body, the legs are stretched out and touch the mat. At the command "DONE - GO" the test person gets up as quickly as possible, walks straight ahead from the mat, sprints as quickly as possible to the turning pylon, circling it and returning to the mat, whereby one of the marking pylons on the outside has to be circumnavigated. Then assume the prone position again and clap your hands together behind your back. The next sprint lap follows immediately afterwards.

Test procedure The test person must complete five and a half laps according to the criteria described above , ie get up from the mat six times, sprint around the pylons and lie down again. After getting up for the sixth time, there is only one easy way to walk to the pylons. When the turning point is reached, the time is stopped. The time required is entered in seconds and tenths of a second

Chin-up

task

The test person remains in the final position of a pull-up for as long as possible. The evaluation criterion is the time in which the test person was able to maintain this position.

Test description

To take up the starting position, the test person first stands on a small box and grabs the horizontal bar in front of them with the comb grip (back of the hand points away from the body). The reach of the hands (in relation to the middle of the hand) should correspond approximately to the width of the shoulder. In this starting position, the shoulders are approximately at the same height as the horizontal bar. The forearms are bent as far as possible towards the upper arms. The start takes place immediately after being requested by the test leader. To do this, the test person leaves the vaulting box and remains in the end position of a chin-up slope (elbow joint maximally bent, shoulders at the level of the horizontal bar).

Before the test person takes their starting position, the correct grip and reach is checked by the test supervisor and corrected if necessary. The timing begins as soon as the feet have lost contact with the vaulting box. It ends when this starting position has been left so far that the chin sinks under the horizontal bar. The time reached is entered in seconds and tenths of a second.

1000 meter run

task

The test person completes the given route as quickly as possible.

Test description

The 1,000 m run should preferably be carried out on a 400 m lane. The test person starts at the 200 m marking, so that two complete laps have to be completed from the finish line. The time is noted down to the second by the test manager when the target is passed.

3000 meter exercise bike

The test person must use a computer-assisted bicycle ergometer to cover a distance of 3000 m in a maximum of 6 minutes and 30 seconds. The test person can freely adjust the performance . The only general condition is that you have to pedal at least 30 revolutions per minute. The higher the power is set, the faster the test person will have reached 3000 m at the same speed . If the test person sets a lower level of power, he / she has to pedal faster in order to reach 3000 m - again at the same speed. With a power of 130 W, the test person would have to pedal 80 revolutions per minute in order to reach the 3000 m in exactly 6 minutes and 30 seconds.

Evaluation of the BFT achievements

The performances achieved in the individual disciplines are converted into a point system (similar to the athletic decathlon). For better comparability, the physiologically determined differences in performance between women and men as well as age-related performance losses are balanced out by a bonus point system.

It is well known that biological aging processes lead to age-related performance losses. With the help of literature and data analyzes (including more than 500,000 endurance trained people aged 20-80), an annual BFT age bonus of 0.5% was determined, which is granted from the age of 36 and fairer performance comparisons between different ages Allows people.

The gender-specific surcharge implemented in the BFT bonus point system is different in the individual disciplines: 15% in the sprint test, 40% in the Klimmhang and 15% in the 1000m run. Numerous studies show that the biological differences between women and men in strength performance of the upper extremities amount to about 40% on average. For cyclical and acyclical mileage, the differences are around 15%.

With the bonus point system, only the physiologically or genetically determined gender and age influences on the BFT performance achieved are to be compensated. Behavioral factors (such as smoking, malnutrition, lack of exercise), which can overlay and intensify performance and aging processes, are not taken into account.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Basic Fitness Test (BFT) of the Bundeswehr. (PDF) Federal Ministry of Defense, February 18, 2013, pp. 16-34 , accessed on October 16, 2018 .
  2. ↑ a b Institute for Preventive Medicine of the Bundeswehr. September 18, 2018, accessed October 16, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Performance Epidemiology Research Group, German Sport University Cologne: Performance Epidemiology Research Group - Performance Epidemiology Research Group, German Sport University Cologne. Retrieved October 16, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b Leyk, Dieter; Witzki, Alexander; Gorges, Willi; Rohde, Ulrich; Lison, Andreas; Rondé, Michael; Wömpener, Heiko; Schlattmann, Andreas; Dobmeier, Harald; Rüther, Thomas; Wunderlich, M .: Physical performance, body dimensions and risk factors of 18-35-year-old soldiers: results of the evaluation study for the basic fitness test (BFT) . In: Military Medical Monthly . tape 54 , no. 11-12 , 2010, pp. 278–282 ( wehrmed.de ).
  5. ↑ Basic Fitness Test (BFT) of the Bundeswehr. (PDF) Federal Ministry of Defense, February 18, 2013, p. 26 , accessed on October 16, 2018 .
  6. ↑ Dieter Leyk, Erika Franke, Manfred Hofmann, Georg Klein, Norbert Weller, Dieter Hackfort, Herbert Löllgen, Claus Piekarski: Health and Fitness Promotion in the Bundeswehr. From resource-oriented prevention research to implementation in the field [Promotion of health and physical fitness in the Bundeswehr: From resource-oriented prevention research to implementation in the Armed Forces] . In: Military Medical Monthly . tape 57 , no. 7 , 2013, p. 162–166 ( wehrmed.de ).
  7. ↑ a b Gorges, Willi; Rüther, Thomas; Hauptert, M .; Holtherm, HU; Leyk, Dieter: Five Years of Basic Fitness Test: Findings and Optimization Options . In: Military Medical Monthly . tape 59 , no. 12 , 2015, p. 390-395 ( wehrmed.de ).
  8. ↑ Central instruction B1-224 / 0-2. Training and maintenance of individual basic skills and physical performance (training IGF / KLF). (No longer available online.) Bundeswehr , May 21, 2015, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on September 5, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.reservisten.bundeswehr.de
  9. ↑ Basic Fitness Test (BFT) of the Bundeswehr. (PDF) Federal Ministry of Defense, February 18, 2013, p. 24 , accessed on October 16, 2018 .
  10. ↑ Basic Fitness Test (BFT) of the Bundeswehr. (PDF) Federal Ministry of Defense, February 18, 2013, p. 25 , accessed on October 16, 2018 .
  11. ↑ a b Leyk, Dieter; Rüther, Thomas; Wunderlich, Max; Sievert, Alexander; Essfeld, Dieter; Witzki, Alexander; Erley, Oliver: Efficiency in Middle and Elderly Age: Good News for an Inactive and Aging Society . In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt . tape 107 , no. 46 , 2010, p. 809-816 ( aerzteblatt.de ).
  12. ↑ Leyk, Dieter; Gorges, Willi; Ridder, D .; Wunderlich, Max; Rüther, Thomas; Sievert, Alexander; Essfeld, Dieter: Hand-grip forces of young men, women and highly trained female athletes . In: European Journal of Applied Physiology . tape 99 , no. 4 , 2007, p. 415-421 ( researchgate.net [PDF]).