Batéké

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Settlement of the Bateke in French Congo, around 1905

The Batéké (also Bateke , Baréké , Teke , Batio , Tio or Tyo , formerly also Anzika ) are an ethnic group in Central Africa . They belong to the Bantu and are divided into different groups.

Settlement area

They live predominantly in Gabon and the Republic of the Congo and in the Democratic Republic of the Congo .

Estimated number in 2000:

  • Gabon: 54,000 (4% of the population)
  • Republic of the Congo 508,000 (18%)
  • Democratic Republic of the Congo 267,000 (<1%)

language

You originally speak different Teke languages , in the Republic of the Congo also French .

history

Five-string pluriarc ngwomi , a Bateke musical instrument that was also played in Brazil in the 19th century.

The Bateke had been firmly established in the area where the Kasai flows into the Congo for a long time. Originally they made their living from hunting , agriculture and fishing . From the 15th century they developed into successful traders who used the rivers as transport routes. Even then they were involved in the slave trade . The empire was set up decentrally and was held together by kings with the title Makoko or Macoco ; power was distributed among local chiefs . Mbé was the political center.

The Portuguese Diogo Cão in 1482 was the first European to reach the Congo estuary and made contact with the Bateke.

In the 15th and 16th centuries there were repeated wars with the Bakongo . In the early 18th century the kingdom of the Bateke reached its greatest extent; from along the Congo River from Pool Malebo to Bolobo . In the late 18th century, they lost some of this area to their neighbors. In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, trade relations became increasingly important. Some of what used to be made locally was imported from the coast by the Bateke. The currency were slaves from the interior. After 1880, the Bateke came under the rule of France through the officer and explorer Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza , when their King Ilo Makoko concluded a protectorate treaty and later incorporated into French Equatorial Africa . In 1898 there was an uprising against the harsh French regime, in which around three quarters of the Bateke were killed.

Omar Bongo , President of the Republic of Gabon from 1967 to 2009, was a member of the Bateke.

literature

  • The Diagram Group (Ed.): Encyclopedia of African Peoples . Routledge, London 2013, ISBN 9781135963415 [2]
  • John F. Clark, Samuel Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo . Scarecrow Press, Lanham 2012, ISBN 9780810879898 [3]

Web links

Commons : Bateke  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Encyclopedia of African Peoples, pp. 867-868
  2. ↑ Clark, Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo , p 413
  3. ↑ Pueblo Bateke ( Spanish ) ikuska.com. Retrieved October 27, 2011.
  4. ^ Encyclopedia of African Peoples, p. 868
  5. ^ Encyclopedia of African Peoples, pp. 868, 872
  6. ↑ Clark, Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Republic of the Congo , p 413
  7. ↑ Djibril Tamsir Niane (ed.), Joseph Ki-Zerbo (ed.): Africa from the Twelfth to the Sixteenth Century . University of California Press, 1997, ISBN 9780520066991 , p. 227 [1]
  8. ^ Encyclopedia of African Peoples, pp. 868-872