Bathymodiolus

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Bathymodiolus
Illustration of a deep-sea mussel (Bathymodiolus spec.)

Illustration of a deep-sea mussel ( Bathymodiolus spec. )

Systematics
Subclass : Pteriomorphia
Order : Mytilida
Superfamily : Mytiloidea
Family : Blue mussels (Mytilidae)
Subfamily : Bathymodiolinae
Genre : Bathymodiolus
Scientific name
Bathymodiolus
Kenk & Wilson , 1985

Bathymodiolus is a genus of "deep-sea mussels" from the family of mussels (Mytilidae); it is the type genus of the subfamily Bathymodiolinae . The species of this genus breed bacterial chemoautotrophic symbiontsin the gills.

features

The elongated, equilateral housing is smooth with a curved or angled dorsal edge. The ventral edge of the smaller specimens is almost straight, while the larger specimens also have a slightly concave curve. The housings become quite large; up to 30 cm long. The shell is firm, the surface largely smooth with a smooth or hairy periostracum . The vertebra sits close to the rounded front end. The lock is toothless. The posterior retractor muscle divides into two bundles. The outflow siphon is short and extendable with an inner diaphragm.

Geographical distribution and habitat

Bathymodiolus species occur at (cold) methane springs and hydrothermal springs ( black smokers ) in water depths between 630 and 3500 meters, where they can form extensive mussel fields around the springs. The sulfur and / or methane bacteria that live in special cells (bacteriocytes) in the gill epithelium of deep-sea mussels feed on methane or hydrogen sulfide that is absorbed from the seawater.

Taxonomy and systematics

The taxon was first described in 1985 by Vida Carmen Kenk and Barry Wilson ; as the type species they determined the likewise new species Bathymodiolus thermophilus Currently (2015) the following species are accepted:

Illustrations

  • Bathymodiolus thermophilus

  • Bathymodiolus childressi

  • Bathymodiolus brooksi

  • Habitat of the genus Bathymodiolus in the deep sea

literature

  • S. Peter Dance, Rudo von Cosel (arrangement of the German edition): The great book of sea shells. 304 p., Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, 1977 ISBN 3-8001-7000-0 (p. 227)
  • Rudolf Kilias: Lexicon marine mussels and snails. 2nd edition, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1997 ISBN 3-8001-7332-8 (p. 206)
  • Kristian P. Saether, Crispin TS Little, Kathleen A. Campbell, Bruce A. Marshall, Mike Collins, Andrea C. Alfaro: New fossil mussels (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) from Miocene hydrocarbon seep deposits, North Island, New Zealand, with general remarks on vent and seep mussels . Zootaxa, 2577: 1-45, 2010 PDF
  • Jun-Ichi Miyazaki, Leonardo de Oliveira Martins, Yuko Fujita, Hiroto Matsumoto, Yoshihiro Fujiwara: Evolutionary Process of Deep-Sea Bathymodiolus Mussels . PLoS ONE 5 (4): e10363 2010 doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0010363
  • Justine Thubaut, Nicolas Puillandre, Baptiste Faure, Corinne Cruaud, Sarah Samadi: The contrasted evolutionary fates of deep-sea chemosynthetic mussels (Bivalvia, Bathymodiolinae). Ecology and Evolution, 3 (14): 4748-4766, 2013 doi : 10.1002 / ece3.749

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Annelie Wendeberg, Frank U. Zielinski, Christian Borowski, Nicole Dubilier: Expression patterns of mRNAs for methanotrophy and thiotrophy in symbionts of the hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus puteoserpentis. The ISME Journal, 6: 104–112, 2012 doi : 10.1038 / ismej.2011.81
  2. ↑ Vida Carmen Kenk, Barry R. Wilson: Bathymodiolus, a new Galapagos rift mussel. Malacologia, 26 (1-2): 253-271, 1985 Online at archive.org (p. 255)
  3. ^ World Register of Marine Species
  4. ↑ a b Steffen Kiel, Kazutaka Amano: The Earliest Bathymodiolin Mussels: An Evaluation of Eocene and Oligocene Taxa from Deep-Sea Methane Seep Deposits in Western Washington State, USA. Journal of Paleontology, 87 (4): 589-602, 2013 doi : 10.1666 / 12-135

Web links

Commons : Bathymodiolus  - collection of images, videos and audio files