Petrol stove
Fuel stove is the name for boiler , for heat generation fuel ( white gas , gasoline fuel burn) and come mostly in mobile applications. One variant is the multi-fuel stove, which can alternatively be operated with petroleum or diesel, and more rarely with gas.
operation area
Petrol stoves are widely used on expeditions and outdoor activities, especially trekking .
Working principle
The fuel is conveyed by pressure from the storage container to the combustion, for which purpose the fuel bottle is pressurized. In order to be able to burn the fuel directly from the liquid state, a very fine atomization would be necessary. The high pressures required for this, however, cannot be generated with an expense that is justifiable for cookers, which is why the principle of gasification or evaporation is always used here. The fuel is evaporated in a tubular evaporator, which is located directly in front of the nozzle. This is why petrol stoves must always be preheated before they can be operated in their normal state. Finally, the fuel is expelled through the nozzle in the gaseous state. In order to achieve better mixing with the air, this gas jet is either directed through a tube with side holes or against a baffle plate. The principle of the baffle plate is more common. In order to take into account the different properties of gasoline, petroleum and diesel, so-called multi-fuel stoves use interchangeable nozzles that can be selected depending on the fuel used. Purified gasoline, also known as cleaning or lighter gas, burns cleaner, but is more expensive and usually more difficult to obtain. To increase efficiency, windshields and heat reflectors are often used, which sometimes considerably increase the stove's heating capacity. Recently, special pots with lamellar systems, which are more efficient, have also been used.
advantages
In remote areas, in particular, it is usually always possible to obtain fuel for gasoline stoves. B. Gas cartridges often cause difficulties because of the many systems used. Compared to many other types of stoves, petrol stoves work well both in the cold and at great heights and without significant loss of heat output . Due to the high density and the high specific calorific value of gasoline, kerosene and diesel, the storage container is relatively light in weight compared to gas cartridges, which gives the gasoline stove weight advantages when larger quantities of fuel are required and longer service life despite the higher basic weight of the burner.
| petrol | spirit | Butane gas (liquid) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| volume-specific energy [MJ / l] | 34.6 | 21.14 | 27.6 |
| volume-specific x / petrol [-] | 1 | 0.611 | 0.798 |
| weight-specific energy [MJ / kg] | 47 | 26.78 | 46 |
| weight-specific x / petrol [-] | 1 | 0.570 | 0.979 |
disadvantage
The operation of gasoline stoves is not very convenient compared to the alternatives for gas and alcohol . In order to operate a petrol stove, it must first be preheated. During this time the fuel burns with a yellow and sooty flame. Due to the development of soot in the preheating phase and the thermal decomposition of the fuel during the evaporation process, especially when operating with petrol, soot and other residues form on the stove, nozzle and supply line, which can lead to malfunctions. Petrol stoves therefore usually require regular maintenance and cleaning, even on the go. When switching from preheating to regular operation, inexperienced people can experience flashes, which can be particularly dangerous in tents. When operating petrol stoves, there are sometimes significant odors and noises, which make them less suitable for camping sites. Some campsite operators, e.g. B. at music festivals also ban petrol stoves. Many gasoline stoves are difficult to regulate and are usually only operated at full burning power, this applies above all to stoves whose regulator is located far away from the burner head on the pressure bottle (the pump). Stoves with the regulator directly on the burner head, on the other hand, can usually be regulated very well and also enable cooking on a "low flame". The controllability of a gasoline stove is therefore dependent on the specific design. There are now also stoves with two controls (on the pump and on the burner head). The purchase price for gasoline stoves is sometimes significantly higher than that for the alternatives for gas or alcohol.