Bergunerstein
The Bergünerstein ( Rhaeto-Romanic ) blocked the passage from Filisur to Bergün , a section of the road over the Albula Pass, until 1696 . The almost vertically sloping rock walls at this point forced people, cattle and goods to laboriously bypass above the Bergünerstein via Pentsch with a 130 m counter slope. In 1696 the municipality of Bergün commissioned two stone carvers , Peter Zur and Peter Tescher from Thusis , to build a street passage directly into the rock. The two were not able to write, but knew their way around gunpowder and blew this stretch of road out of the rock. For the first time, black powder was used for this in Graubünden. The municipality of Bergün paid the two of them the agreed 3330 guilders and from then on levied a road toll for each passage.
The breakthrough of the Bergünerstein
First attempt: 1600–1603
The first attempt to build a road through the Bergünerstein must have been made around 1600. In the Bergün municipal archive there is a contract dated November 15, 1603, according to which the collection of the road toll is leased to the village master Dantz Pol Clo for the sum of 570 guilders for 10 years. The building project had previously been registered with the Bundestag in Chur, and the assembled councilors had approved the Bergün community to collect a road toll for 25 years. It is not known why the road was not built (or completed) in 1603.
Second attempt: 1663
A reference to a second attempt at road construction can be found in the Bundestag protocol of July 2, 1663: Because the route over the Pentsch is not only difficult but also dangerous, especially in winter, the municipality of Bergün had to build a road "following the water." in the level "and the collection of a road toll from the users of this road approved. In this case, too, it is not known why the road was not built.
Success: 1696
In the third attempt in 1696, the road was successfully built. The contract with Peter Zur and Peter Tescher not only stipulates the width and height of the road for the builders ("that one can comfortably and comfortably pass through with a load of hay, grain, and salt, and with 6 pegs loaded with pegs"), but also the slope: water or a ball should slowly roll down the street.
The construction costs of 3300 guilders were advanced to the community by Gubert von Salis (1664-1724), who was awarded the next Veltliner offices to be assigned to the Bergün court.
The construction of the cantonal road
As part of the expansion of the cantonal Graubünden road network in the 19th century, the Tiefencastel-Bergün section was expanded from 1855–57 to a width of 4.2–4.5 meters. The route was slightly changed in the Avalungia area. The total cost was CHF 200,000, including CHF 40,000 for the piece through the crap. The construction was financed by the Canton of Graubünden with federal support; Bergün only had to bear the costs of expropriating meadows in the Avalungia area.
Military lock
From the time of the Second World War until 2013, there were explosives chambers in the rocks in the Bergünerstein area. In the event of a motorized attack, the road would have been blown up.
Individual evidence
- ^ Bergün municipal archive : Document No. 47, contract of November 15, 1603 .
- ^ Graubünden State Archives: Protocol to the Bundestag, Volume 8, Page 7, (StAGR AB IV 1/8) .
- ^ Graubünden State Archives: Protocol to the Bundestag, Volume 33, Pages 66-67, (StAGR AB IV 1/33) .
- ↑ Inventory of historical traffic routes in Switzerland: Documentation of the GR 37 route.Retrieved on January 11, 2018 .
- ↑ Gian Gianett Cloetta: Bergün-Bravuogn. Local lore . Thusis 1954, p. 110 .
- ^ Albula Fortress: Bergünerstein. Retrieved January 7, 2018 .
