Bergskollegium

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The Mountain College was the Swedish supervisory authority for the mountain - and metallurgy, which existed from 1630 to 1857. From 1637 to 1649 the authority was officially called Generalbergsamtet .

history

On February 26, 1630, a royal letter decided to set up a supervisory authority for mining and metallurgy in Sweden. The authority consisted of a governor and four appraisers, who were assigned a mountain treasurer , a Reichsgardist, a mountain clerk, a technical engineer and a visitor or surveyor . Since 1649 this office has been called the Bergskollegium. It was a central office for the supervision and administration of the Swedish mining industry. He was responsible for the highest level of jurisdiction over all disputes and criminal matters in the mining sector. It now consisted of the governor and 6 noble appraisers, one of whom had his permanent seat in Stockholm. The rest were distributed to the mining areas. From 1640 to 1699 the members of the Bergakademie met once a year for advice. Since 1713 the governors were called presidents. In 1723, the Bergkollegium, under the leadership of a president, two mountain councils and the four experts, was responsible for all questions relating to mines, smelters and mills. In the years 1756 to 1766 the number of mountain tops was increased from 2 to 6. In 1828 the responsibility of the college was transferred to the general administration, from 1832 the number of members was reduced and on January 3, 1857 the mountain college was dissolved.

tasks

In addition to exercising jurisdiction, which was later relinquished, some members toured the mines and smelters once a year. In addition, the officials had reports sent to them by the mountain foremen, jury and high furnace master in order to find out about the processes and progress. These were then sent to the king in a list. The college supervised the wagons with which the iron and ore were weighed before they were exported and appointed an official iron inspector. The miners, guardsmen, mine surveyors, mining engineers and other sub-officials appointed it. In addition, precise maps were made that provided an overview of the locations, the pits and the newly added work routes. The individual areas were divided among the members and were partially distributed among them by lottery.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Bergskollegium. In: Nationalencyklopedin. (restricted view, ne.se ).
  2. ^ Moritz Meyer: b. The authorities and officials . In: Contributions to a detailed knowledge of the iron and steel industry in Sweden . G. Reimer, 1829, p. 75-80 ( books.google.de ).