Branding
Under Brand was understood a corporal punishment in the Middle Ages , which was characterized in that the person tied with a glowing hot and iron was racked until it a stigma was baked. The intensity of the pressure and the length of time that the iron remained on the victim's body also played a decisive role.
In the parlance of the 21st century, however, the term is often used in connection with an outing or in the sense of denouncing .
The Romans burned escaped and recovered slaves an "F" for "fugitivus" (German: "refugee"). Slanderer has a "C" for "calumniator" branded on the forehead. Likewise, those convicted of forced labor in the mines were branded. According to Constantine's decree, it should only be placed on the hands, arms or calves, not on the face, "which, according to the ideal of beauty, is heavenly formed and to be protected against such bad things." Branding also occurred in canon law . In France, until 1832, the galley convict with the fire mark “T. F. "for" travaux forcés "(German:" forced laborer "). In Germany, this form of punishment was never common law .
See also
- Branding .
literature
- Yuvoon Chen: Problems with the Punishment of Branding in Light of Comparative Law Sources . de Gruyter, 1948
Individual evidence
- ↑ Branding . In: Brockhaus Konversations-Lexikon 1894-1896, Volume 3, pp. 423-424.
- ↑ Branding . In: Academic dictionaries and encyclopedias . ( academic.ru [accessed February 1, 2017]).